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 Hacking is unauthorized intrusion into a computer or a network. The person engaged in hacking activities is generally referred to as a hacker. This hacker may alter system or security features to accomplish a goal.
 A cracker is someone who breaks into someone else's computer system, often on a network; bypasses passwords or licenses in computer programs; or in other ways intentionally breaches computer security. 
hacking techniques;
bait and switch (Offer your mark something that they’re sure to want, then swap it out for something different when they’re not looking. In the digital realm, this trick has several variations).
cookie theft (Once stolen, cookies may be read or decrypted to reveal your information, or used to impersonate you online)
people hack so that they can steal stuff that they can not get legally.

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Social engineering is essentially the art of gaining access to buildings, systems or data by exploiting human psychology, rather than by breaking in or using technical hacking techniques. For example, instead of trying to find a software vulnerability, a social engineer might call an employee and pose as an IT support person, trying to trick the employee into divulging his password.
Your username will be private and won’t ever be shown publicly on any BBC website or app
A good password is made up of a number of different characteristics. For instance, it should be at least 6 - 8 characters long and should include at least two uppercase letters, lowercase letters and numbers
Protect data

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What is phishing?
Phishing is a form of fraud and goes by the process of sending emails pretending to be from companies with big reputations in order to collect information from individuals.

What is identity theft?
This is when a person obtains personal information from another person and uses it to get loans or credit etc.

What is identity fraud?
This is when stolen information and identity is used to to obtain goods or service by pretending to be someone else.

What can a fraudster do with your details?
They can open bank accounts, steal money from banks, take out credit in your name, blame you for something you didn't do etc.

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How does the browser affect performance?
- Browser are designed to accommodate various controls a website requires. With IE(Internet Explorer) being the slowest due to its slow capabilities of adapting to such demands. But IE is also the fastest browser in loading websites which are written simple enough to a point that it can comprehend without any listeners.
- Chrome on the other hand tends to be slower due to its various listeners which are active. This also means that it draws up a lot of memory to load up.
Name some different browser

- Google Chrome
- Mozilla Firefox
- Internet Explorer
- Microsoft Edge
- Safari

What is most common in the UK?

- Google Chrome (www.google.co.uk)

What is most common in the USA?

- Google Chrome (www.google.com)

What is most common globally?

- Google Chrome (www.google.com)

What is a plug in?

- A plug in is typically a third-party software rather than the developer of the browser and are either called "add-ons" or "extensions". These are used as toolbars and support a wide range of graphics, animation, audio and video formats.

How do they affect performance?

- They affect the performance by slowing down the rate at which the browser will load up. The more plug-ins you have, the more work the processor is required to do for it to load.

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Dial up
DSL
ISDN
Fibre
Docsis
Fixed Wireless
Satterlite

Communications signals can be analogue or digital.

Analogue signals

Music and speech vary continuously in frequency and amplitude. In the same way, analogue signals can vary in frequency, amplitude, or both. You may have heard of FM and AM radio - Frequency Modulated radio and Amplitude Modulated radio. The diagram shows a typical oscilloscope trace of an analogue signal.

Digital signals

Digital signals are a series of pulses consisting of just two states: ON (1) or OFF (0). There are no values in between. DAB radio is Digital Audio Broadcast radio - it is transmitted as digital signals. The diagram shows a typical oscilloscope trace of a digital signal.

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How will memory capacity affect web performance?
Having good memory capacity such as RAM increases web performance as it provides quick access to multiple locations such as web pages. It also allows the required web pages and files to be loaded.

What different types of memory are available?
RAM, ROM, HDD, SDD,

What is the newest?
A new kind of memory technology is going into production, which is up to 1,000 times faster than the Nand flash storage used in memory cards and computers' solid state drives (SSDs). The innovation is called 3D XPoint, and is the invention of Intel and Micron.

What speeds are available?

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When was the first virus written?
- Before 1988, most viruses were mere annoyances and virtually harmless. Within Janaury 1986, the first virus was born, written for Windows based PCs. It was known as "Brain". Written by two brothers, Basit and Amjad Frooq Alvi, whom were only 17 and 24 years old during the time.
The virus came to fruition due to the heart monitoring program they wrote were pirated and were distributed without the brothers' permission. The virus was created as a way to regulate and protect their software. If the hear-monitor program were to be illegally copied, those copied versions, if installed on a pc, an imbedded message would tell the user that their pc were infected with a virus and would need to contact the brothers for "inoculation".
Find examples of some famous viruses.
- CryptoLocker
- ILOVEYOU
- Zues
- MyDoom
How did they work?

- CryptoLocker - This was a form of trojan horse ransomware which targeted Windows based PCs. It spread through various different methods such as email. Once a pc is infected, it would encrypt certain files within the hard drive or any mounted storage connected to the pc using RSA public key cryptography.
- ILOVEYOU - This virus costed a total of $10 billion worth of damage. 10% of the world's internet-connected pcs were believed to be have been infected. The infection was so severe that the goverment and some large corporations took their mailing system offline to aid with preventing the infection. Created by two Filipino programmers, once the .txt file was clicked onto, it would download itself onto and would send everyone within the user's mailing list and would proceed to overwrite files with itself making the pc unbootable.
- Zeus - Trojan horse made to infect Windows PC with the intention of performing various criminal tasks. The most common was usually the man-in-the-browser keylogging and form grabbing.
- MyDoom - This was a worm for Windows based PCs which became one of the fastes spreading email worm since the ILOVEYOU virus. The worm spreads by itself by appearing as an email transmission error which contains an attachment of itself. Once the worm is executed, it will sent itself to email addresses within the user's contact list and copies itself to any P2P(Peer To Peer) programs' folder to propagate itself throughout that network. The main program itself, opens a backdoor to allow remote access and it then launches a DOS attack on the SCO Group. The damage caused by this worm was around $38.5 Billion and is still active to this day.

What were they set up to do?
- Most malwares are made for the purpose of malicious intent. Either it be corruption of files and damage, accessing private data, ransom, personal gain and others.
What is a key-logger?
- A key-logger is a type of monitoring software which reveals every click and touch, conversation and download. This is a software which tracks/logs the keystrokes the user has used on their keyboard. This is done with malicious intent as this would allow the attacker see information such as your username or password, credit car numbers and many others.
What is a polymorphic virus?
- This is a complicated virus which affects data types and functions. This is a self-encrypted virus designed with the purpose of avoiding detection by a scanner. As infection occurs, the virus duplicates itself by creating usable or slightly modified versions of itself. To be able to remove polymorphic viruses would require the programmers to rewrite language strings which can be complex, time-consuming and costly.

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Hacking is unauthorized intrusion into a computer or a network. The person engaged in hacking activities is generally referred to as a hacker. This hacker may alter system or security features to accomplish a goal.
A cracker is someone who breaks into someone else's computer system, often on a network; bypasses passwords or licenses in computer programs; or in other ways intentionally breaches computer security.
hacking techniques;
bait and switch (Offer your mark something that they’re sure to want, then swap it out for something different when they’re not looking. In the digital realm, this trick has several variations).
cookie theft (Once stolen, cookies may be read or decrypted to reveal your information, or used to impersonate you online)
people hack so that they can steal stuff that they can not get legally.