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What are some recommendations to strengthen the nurse's participation in preparation for teaching session with parents?

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What are some recommendations to strengthen the nurse's participation in preparation for teaching session with parents?

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The nurse should confirm the infant's readiness for kangaroo care.  The nurse should provide choices in learning experience and scheduled education sessions, while considering parents' preferences with time of day to initiate session.  The nurse should also assess parents' readiness to learn, literacy level, and preferred learning style.  Lastly, the nurse can prepare a list of internet resources (Engelke & Schub, 2017).

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What are some recommendations to strengthen the nurse's participation in delivering education to the parents?

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What are some recommendations to strengthen the nurse's participation in delivering education to the parents?

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The nurse should develop individualized teaching plans tailored to the parents' specific needs and priorities. All teaching and training should be family-centered and evidence-based.  The nurse should deliver the information in a culturally sensitive manner.  It should be in the language and at a level that can be easily be understood by the parents.  The use of simple, non-medical language should be used for all parents, especially when low literacy levels are identified. Emphasized information during this session should include benefits of the intervention and proper demonstration (Engelke & Schub, 2017).

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What are some recommendations to strengthen the nurse's participation in evaluating successful learning in parents?

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What are some recommendations to strengthen the nurse's participation in evaluating successful learning in parents?

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The nurse should continuously observe the interaction for increased bonding with the infant and increased sense of proficiency in infant care.  The nurse should also consistently provide encouragement and instruction throughout the interactions, particularly to new parents who are unfamiliar with proper technique of holding and caring for infants.  After conclusion of education, the nurse can utilize the "teach-back" method.  The parents will repeat the health information provided and demonstrate the new skill while allowing the nurse to listen, observe, and clarify information or skill performance.  Next, the nurse can instruct the parents to assign themselves self-efficacy ratings to assess the level of confidence they have attained in providing care for their newborn.  Lastly, the nurse can provide a phone number for parents to reach a provider if they have any questions after conclusion of the teaching session.  The plan of care should be updated to highlight any concerns so that information can be reinforced throughout their stay in the hospital (Engelke & Schub, 2017).

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Some additional support can be provided to encourage adoption of kangaroo care (Smith, Bergelson, Constantian, Valsangkar, & Chan, 2017). 

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Some additional support can be provided to encourage adoption of kangaroo care (Smith, Bergelson, Constantian, Valsangkar, & Chan, 2017). 

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Songs to keep your little joey comfortable during Kangaroo Care! 

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Songs to keep your little joey comfortable during Kangaroo Care! 

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Lullabies Lullaby for Babies to Go To Sleep Baby Lullaby Songs Go To Sleep Lullaby Baby Sleep Music

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Two concepts from SCOHS that have prepared me to take a leadership role following transition to professional practice include:

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Two concepts from SCOHS that have prepared me to take a leadership role following transition to professional practice include:

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1) "The nursing process, reflecting the standards of practice identified by the ANA that RNs use in patient care, has six steps: assessment, diagnosis, outcomes identification, planning, implementation, and evaluation" (Claywell, 2014, p. 88).  The concept of planning is one that must be fully understood in order to be a successful leader.   Nurses claiming a leadership role will use this concept to form objectives, evaluate the current condition and anticipate ultimate trends and events, devise a planning statement, and translate the plan into an action statement (Sullivan, 2013).

2) The concept of delegation is vital to ensuring optimal care delivery as a registered nurse in the leadership role.  It is a difficult leadership skill for nurses to learn.  Transferring responsibility or authority for achieving certain tasks to another individual will favor the nurse in many ways.  It will enable the nurse to devote more time to tasks that cannot be delegated, especially complicated patient care.  In doing this, "patient care is enhanced, the nurse's job satisfaction increases, and retention is improved" (Sullivan, 2013, p. 132).

In the context of kangaroo care, mastering the concepts of planning and delegation will enable the nurse to ensure the education is provided in an appropriate and time efficient manner.

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Conclusion of Kangaroo Care Presentation

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What is the nurse's role in kangaroo care? What should the nurse be doing or not doing? 

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What is the nurse's role in kangaroo care? What should the nurse be doing or not doing? 

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The nurse is responsible for providing education and training regarding kangaroo care.  This task should not be delegated to assistive staff members (Engelke & Schub, 2017). The nurse should possess knowledge of assessment of infant vital signs and physiologic status, because these factors may determine infant's readiness for and tolerance of kangaroo care (Engelke & Schub, 2017).  The nurse should identify and develop most successful strategy for  individualized teaching and training plans for parents (Engelke & Schub, 2017).

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Is the nurse's role as educator in kangaroo care improving or worsening the issue? Why is the nurse's role important?

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Is the nurse's role as educator in kangaroo care improving or worsening the issue? Why is the nurse's role important?

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The nurse's role as educator is improving the issue. The nurse plays a vital role in delivering education, formulating plan of care, and evaluating learning to ensure successful adoption of kangaroo care.

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What are some challenges the nurse faces when providing education or factors that may limit her participation?

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What are some challenges the nurse faces when providing education or factors that may limit her participation?

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The nurse must assess parents' or caregivers' readiness to learn.  The parents and the nurse may also have different learning priorities.  Learning barriers may exist including impaired memory or cognitive difficulties, learning disabilities, physical limitations, low literacy, impaired hearing, sight, and speech, and financial difficulty. Parents may be overwhelmed or sleep deprived which may delay learning (Engelke & Schub, 2017).  Some factors that may limit the nurse's participation may include: poor time management, short-staffing on the unit, financial difficulties affecting parent's transportation to hospital, and lack of knowledge concerning kangaroo care.

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What are some barriers parents have reported when  receiving education about kangaroo care?

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What are some barriers parents have reported when  receiving education about kangaroo care?

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Many factors acted as barriers to successful implementation of kangaroo care (Smith, Bergelson, Constantian, Valsangkar, & Chan, 2017).

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Barriers to successful kangaroo care.mp3

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How can kangaroo care benefit the infant?

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How can kangaroo care benefit the infant?

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Literature claims that skin-to-skin contact is believed to decrease the infant's stress level, provide warmth, and promote bonding.  It may provide physiologic benefits in premature and full-term infants, including thermoregulation, promotion of healthy weight gain, and stabilizing vital signs (Engelke & Schub, 2017).  This practice has also served as a safe, effective non-pharmacologic intervention for pain control during procedures like heel sticks.  The distraction of olfactory and tactile stimulation provided by the mother is proven to reduce the infant's pain response and increase the pain threshold (Engelke & Schub, 2017).

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How does kangaroo care benefit mommy and daddy?

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How does kangaroo care benefit mommy and daddy?

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Mothers of full-term infants who participated 5 hours per day in kangaroo care during their infants' first week of life and more than 2 hours per day until the infants were at least one month of age developed fewer symptoms of depression and decreased physiologic stress than mothers who chose not to participate (Engelke & Schub, 2017).   It is also proven to increase mother's breast milk production and prolong duration of breastfeeding (Engelke & Schub, 2017). Parents described times surrounding kangaroo care as "relaxed, calm, happy, natural, instinctive, and safe" (Smith, Bergelson, Constantian, Valsangkar, & Chan, 2017, p.4).

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Literature describes how kangaroo care can affect mortality rates in neonatal period (Smith, Bergelson, Constantian, Valsangkar, & Chan, 2017).

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Literature describes how kangaroo care can affect mortality rates in neonatal period (Smith, Bergelson, Constantian, Valsangkar, & Chan, 2017).

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Literature describes how kangaroo care can affect high death rate in neonatal period..mp3

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What does this mean?
This intervention is defined as skin-to-skin contact between mother and newborn to promote frequent or exclusive breastfeeding and early discharge from hospital (Chan, Valsangkar, Kajeepeta,  Boundy, & Wall, 2016).

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Although kangaroo care has been observed to be an infant mortality-reducing technique, it has not been successfully implemented in health systems around the world (Smith, Bergelson, Constantian, Vlasangkar, & Chan, 2017).

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Failing to complete this intervention successfully will directly impact the infant and the parents (Smith, Bergelson, Constantian, Vlasangkar, & Chan, 2017).

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Where and when does this issue typically occur?

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Where and when does this issue typically occur?

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Family education and training about kangaroo care can be provided in any healthcare setting where infants are cared for including the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and in the home (Engelke & Schub, 2017). The technique would typically be introduced within 60 minutes of birth and should be continued with minimal disruption throughout first few weeks of the infant's life (Chan, Valsangkar, Kajeepeta, Boundy, & Wall, 2016).

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How does this issue directly affect the infant?

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How does this issue directly affect the infant?

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Infants who are not participating in kangaroo care may appear more anxious, less restful, less willing to breastfeed, and less content remaining in incubator. They may also have lengthened stay in the hospital before being discharged (Smith, Bergelson, Constantian, Vlasangkar, & Chan, 2017).

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How does this issue directly affect the parents? 

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How does this issue directly affect the parents? 

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Failure to adopt this technique may result in delay in emotional and physical recovery, increasing symptoms of depression and physiologic stress (Engelke & Schub, 2017).  There may also be hinderance creating a family bond.  Parents may not feel "needed" during the infant's early life, decreasing their confidence in providing care for their pre-term or full term infant. Parents of infants in incubators described experience as creating distance and delaying family bond (Smith, Bergelson, Constantian, Valsangkar, & Chan, 2017).