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You have a clear and coherent padlet here, Liam.  I think you are well on your way to writing the entire essay and your intro, body paragraphs, counter arg, and conclusion seem well formed.  I like how you include your counterarguments throughout the essay since radio, tv, and internet certainly have different  drawbacks.  Beyond facebook privacy, what other aspects of the internet have caused people to question its role in a healthy, well-functioning and informed society?

Thesis: 3/3
Intro: 4/4
Body parag: 14/15
Counter arg: 3.5/4
Conclus: 4/4

28.5/30

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Activism played an important role in the development of America throughout the 20th century. With hard work from movements like civil rights and feminism who were pushing for equality, as well as the environmental movement pushing for a greener and more healthy world, the world we live in today would not be the same as how we know it to be without the work of these movements. To think how far we've come in the last century in terms of communication is shocking, and to think about how communication might change in the next one hundred years is possible an even more frightening thought. 20th century radio connected communities, and TV connected the entire nation, but with the popularization of the internet, the network of easily accessible information has spread instant communication through the entire world, connecting everyone. It's hard to know what this network will evolve into in the future, however, one thing is for certain: As communication between people grows, activism becomes more impactful, creating movements that will continue to make this world a better place.

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For as long as man has existed, the ability to intellegentilty communicate through words and language has been what sets us apart from other species. When Italian inventor and engineer Guglielmo Marconi developed the first successful long-distance wireless telegraph, and broadcasted the first transatlantic radio signal in 1901, the way humans communicated was changed forever. Only thirty years after the telegraph, the television came along, allowing for mass distribution of news and media throughout every American household. Fifty years later, the Internet was born, merging the networked communication of radio with the media consumption of television, creating a new way for information to spread like wildfire, and revolutionizing the way humans communicate yet again. With the communication power that all three of these platforms had, it's no surprise that each of them gained traction among the american population so quickly, especially among news providers, entertainers, and advertisers. However, there's one group of people that used all of these platforms who are often overlooked; Activists. From the civil rights movement, where radio broadcasters used certain songs as signals during the Birmingham School walkouts, to the World Trade Organization Protests in Seattle, where protesters used the internet to communicate plans and information, to the Environmental Movement, where television programs like Silent Spring informed the population about environmental conservation, it's clear that activists were, and still are, taking advantage of these communication platforms to help their cause.

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1. Thesis
2. Introduction
3. As many boxes to correspond with your body paragraphs (These should include Topic sentences and any cited evidence you have decided to include in your body paragraphs to prove your thesis).
4. Counterargument
5. Conclusion

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Throughout 20th century America, the evolution of radio, television, and the internet brought rise to many anti-activist programs, supported activist movements, allowing them to push their message to the outside world, and communicate between themselves, making their movement more impactful.

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Primary Source #5 (Lotus Marketplace Manuel)

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Primary Source #5 (Lotus Marketplace Manuel)

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http://archive.computerhistory.org/resources/access/text/2017/07/102674934-05-02-acc.pdf

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The Seattle WTO protests were some of the first major international mobilizations to be coordinated via the Internet. The protests were reported online with streaming audio and video clips by the Seattle Independent Media Center. While 400,000 people took part in a virtual sit-in of the WTO Web site organized by the Electrohippies Collective, more than 40,000 protesters (some estimates were as high as 60,000) were in Seattle to oppose everything from specific WTO policies to free trade and the human rights failures of globalization. Throughout the week, NGOs also sponsored debates, lectures, and teach-ins.

https://www.britannica.com/event/Seattle-WTO-protests-of-1999

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=89_3DgW_7mg

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tie in with facebook privacy drama today

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tie in with facebook privacy drama today

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Primary Source #3 Our Vanishing Wilderness

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Primary Source #3 Our Vanishing Wilderness

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First Environmental T.V. Series

The series was created by nature writer Mary Louise Grossman and her husband Shelly, a nature photographer.

Spread awareness of environmental issues

https://www.thirteen.org/programs/our-vanishing-wilderness/our-vanishing-wilderness-the-chain-of-life/

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WCYP Programming Shows how TV was helpful to the spread of civil rights

WCYP submitted programming logs for the "Editor's Corner" component of the WCYB television schedule. Editor's Corner was a weekly program hosted by Walter Crockett that addressed issues the station deemed to be of public interest to the area. The issues here included a piece on school drop outs and vocational education, a critique of a press conference by Governor Albertis S. Harrison, Jr. on states and civil rights, and a critique of Tennessee Governor Frank Clement's viewpoint on university status for East Tennessee State and with regard to the racial tensions in the state.

http://www2.vcdh.virginia.edu/civilrightstv/documents/fcc_003.html

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WRVA Broadcast Application

Displays all the radio programs that were aired on a large virginia radio station during the civil rights movement - doesn't have any mention of the events going on in birmingham, and seems like it's suppressing the knowledge of civil rights across america important issue at the time

http://www2.vcdh.virginia.edu/civilrightstv/documents/fcc_002.html

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Question Box
Thesis Statement
Body Arguments (with topic sentence in the box)
Every Source has it's own box
Counter argument box
Introduction
Conclusion
AT LEAST 5 PRIMARY SOURCES

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Briefly talk about activism on the internet today. (Should be a nice transition to conclusion)

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World Trade Organization Protests in Seattle — November 30, 1999

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World Trade Organization Protests in Seattle — November 30, 1999

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Protesters against globalization organized themselves via the Internet. "They planned out strategic routes that blocked city streets and set up a dense and diversified communications network. While on the ground, the 50,000+ protesters relied on mobile phones, allowing quick shifts in strategy and taking police by surprise. These opposition organizers also created the Independent Media Center, now a worldwide alternative news source, as a grassroots reporting tool for their demonstrations."

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Bill Clinton  - MoveOn.Org - Sept. 15, 1998

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Bill Clinton  - MoveOn.Org - Sept. 15, 1998

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As the gap between the internet and the real world began to close, activists realized they could the internet to influence real world issues.

"Fed up with Congress deliberating on how to deal with Bill Clinton’s affair with Monica Lewinsky, Silicon Valley entrepreneurs Joan Blades and Wes Boyd took to the web to send a message to Washington: “Censure President Clinton and Move on to Pressing Issues Facing the Nation.”

The simple online petition, dubbed MoveOn.org, was originally sent out to about 100 family members and friends -- and within a week had garnered 100,000 signatures. Eventually the petition would receive half a million. MoveOn.org is now a 5 million-member site that allows participants to propose ideas for political change. "

http://www.discoverthenetworks.org/printgroupProfile.asp?grpid=6201

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At first, internet activism started small, with minimal concern about the outside world, and was more oriented to changes that could affect the internet itself (still activism nonetheless though)

"In 1990, a product called Lotus Marketplace: Households aimed to revolutionize the marketing list industry. Instead, it raised new concerns about consumer privacy and led the public to take action.

Software company Lotus and credit bureau Equifax combined to create the product, which contained names, addresses and purchasing behavior of 120 million Americans in CD-ROM form.

Concerned consumers organized through email and message boards with the primary goal of determining how to contact Lotus and opt out of the list. Eventually, some 30,000 people did so, making the controversy what many consider the first online protest. In the face of unforeseen criticism, Lotus and Equifax decided by early 1991 not to release the database."

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Topic Sentence:  Although it started small, the internet's impact on activism has turned out to be larger than both radio's and the television's combined.

"It all started in the 1990s and has continued to grow, most recently as a driving force in the London riots. With the Web 2.0 movement and social networking boom of recent years, just about everyone has a voice via the Internet — and many are using theirs to mobilize."

https://mashable.com/2011/08/15/online-activism/#zAVrQiE8Ngqx

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http://www.unesco.org/new/fileadmin/MULTIMEDIA/HQ/CI/CI/pdf/empowerment_radio_birgitte_jallov.pdf

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"Television did even more for the environmental movement than motion pictures did. As Neil Postman wrote in his highly respected book, Amusing Ourselves to Death, “Television has gradually become our culture.” The effect that these mediums had on raising environmental consciousness in the U.S. was critical and was perhaps the defining medium that contributed to the lasting attitude of environmentalism that exists today"

http://stars.library.ucf.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2350&context=etd

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http://www.womensmediacenter.com/news-features/what-can-we-learn-from-tv-coverage-of-feminism-in-1970

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https://academic.oup.com/joc/article/67/5/702/4642199

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https://www.newswise.com/articles/black-radio-played-strong-role-in-shaping-civil-rights

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"Pedro J. González (April 28, 1895 - March 17, 1995) was a Mexican activist who hosted one of the first Spanish radio broadcasts in California and in the U.S..[1] Through his popular broadcasts, González had strong political influence in the Latino/a community in Los Angeles, which he used to advocate against the mass repatriation of Mexicans and Mexican Americans in the U.S. under Herbert Hoover. González also came to be known for his band, Los Madrugadores, whose songs were played on his radio broadcast."

https://www.nytimes.com/1995/03/24/obituaries/pedro-j-gonzalez-99-folk-hero-and-advocate-for-social-justice.html

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Syndicated radio programs like Amos ‘n’ Andy, which began in the late 1920s, entertained listeners around the country. In the case of the popular Amos ‘n’ Andy, it did so with negative racial stereotypes about African Americans similar to those portrayed in minstrel shows of the previous century. With the radio, Americans from coast to coast could listen to exactly the same programming. This had the effect of smoothing out regional differences in dialect, language, music, and even consumer taste.

https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/us-history/rise-to-world-power/1920s-america/a/movies-cinema-sports-1920s

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TV Helped the anti war movement, but the movement was very controversial.

"The role of the media in the Vietnam War is a subject of continuing controversy. Some believe that the media played a large role in the U.S. defeat. They argue that the media’s tendency toward negative reporting helped to undermine support for the war in the United States while its uncensored coverage provided valuable information to the enemy in Vietnam. "

https://www.britannica.com/topic/The-Vietnam-War-and-the-media-2051426

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Used to spread word within a community, but also outside a community

We know how activists use the internet today, but how did activism start on the internet?

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The first form of widespread communication that was available to many civil rights groups was radio.

Tends to be more communal, and focuses to communicating to people/ movements inside a community

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Topic Sentence: While radio was beneficial to many activist movement, such as the civil rights movement, TV also played a key role for many activist group's agendas.

Tends to focus on the bigger picture/ wider audience, and is about spreading the word to people outside the community

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Communication is required for an activist movement to be successful.

The radio, the television, and the internet were all important activist tools throughout the 20th century.

As communication evolved, activist movements changed.

What other technologies did activists use to communicate?

How often did activists use these methods to push propaganda/public messages?

How were these forms of communication used to oppress activists?

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- Radio, 1874
While the radio was invented in 1874, it played a key role in activist movements throughout the 20th century.

- Television, 1927

- Internet, 1983

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Progression of Technology that helped communication"

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Progression of Technology that helped communication"

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"Innovations that allowed real-time communication beyond the range of a single human voice. The Internet (9) obviously brings new scale and speed to communication, but the real leap beyond previous limitations occurred in the mid‑1800s, with the development of the telegraph (26), followed by the telephone (24) and then radio (28). As Joel Mokyr put it, before the telegraph, “with few exceptions, information could move no faster than a man on horseback."

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The 50 Greatest Breakthroughs Since the Wheel

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Why did it take so long to invent the wheelbarrow? Have we hit peak innovation? What our list reveals about imagination, optimism, and the nature of progress.

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How did the use of communication technology (such as radio, television, and the internet) support different activist movements in America during the 20th century?