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The explosive changes at the global level from the last century, either of an economic nature or at the information level have created the proper field for mass-media to develop, the emergence of internet and implicitly the massive changes at the level of the society or the individual.

The involvements of the individuals in the modifications that take place imply a change in the traditional education and the shift to a permanent education which can integrate the formal, informal and nonformal education.

Mass-media (media of mass communication) represents the totality of mass information (radio, television, press, internet etc.).

Even though mass media had information as a principal function, and especially as the society got more computerized, significant changes in the behavioral manifestations have appeared in the individual experiences regarding the gain of knowledge, the same influences of mass-media refused by some can be accepted with ease by others.

If the consumer has the control upon the information, the overwhelming impact of media does not affect him/her in a negative way.

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Positive and Negative Influences of the Mass Media upon Education

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The explosive changes at the global level from the last century, either of an economic nature or at the information level have created the proper field for mass-media to develop, the emergence of internet and implicitly the massive changes at the level of the society or the individual.

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https://pdf.sciencedirectassets.com/277811/1-s2.0-S1877042814X00455/1-s2.0-S1877042814049842/main.pdf?X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEIf%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FwEaCXVzLWVhc3QtMSJHMEUCIAP58i%2FCfFRF7yZnpXK8cQ3%2FlLrCk90cKSWwea5obzawAiEAj3qDvSa%2Fu9aFzEfAhtpIu1GexlY9bJGVl4sGPJHtwnkqtAMIcBADGgwwNTkwMDM1NDY4NjUiDB5%2FlRPkmtCNmn2royqRAyV6J6N47fip7fVk9EXdyKOJyU5JWfFRejxYTXPqzjdH%2F0dVM0g92kovjI5eNtFLNLrDEaifZ1aCMtf7IK11DXVwovq3%2BJ2NL3ttCgPb6F0EujG%2B48hXg2hdsReA6ZZwExFrKdSNbHiqe0WG8igXKObs3TLsx24mSkwA3mw8GfW3v%2Basjglw19e96nvmFW4dOdwBko8q7Iy1%2F%2FnaT6XtyqeLxndcmTOeMdT%2BzmqAGugI6dtdlebwHs74YgR3cVUphTVhCOPHS8nRqtUG4Qj2zyGbC9E%2B%2FEQbuNTseCyA0xcWX%2BRsV9M8n%2BKzTJrSwjsyb98JDiLw1kIa9559Hoiwad28mCem11Tmf4XoGN1FnD6R7OqXHFwUsZR9W2ST00IAcGfV3bH6bcPU7AJU6PPVyDh4DdpDbxziLramNQA0kx0emgpqj%2BW0lRy3iCEzotwb1%2FYpT9ETzPFt9%2BrReR0UaQ7KMpxC%2FXREe5R%2FdDQnT1aBhhgZODzQ3l%2Fm6Knk8xet8o%2Bu%2Bg6mzNsV%2FqODzYA61qqsMKzTzoAGOusBy6y%2F6EdQKk5CFTUpm2v%2FwF%2FynVAwi28H4n1280O35JhevbILxbqXTNt%2F9DsXj0jA96POzoi9NmyPN%2FHiPc0ntc0UvUiHIW2EDBzi3oH8C1NGQpr125uEDKl2tubTBgQyZRMq%2FRtIjXJ%2Ffb7FHEU1gQP7%2FB0rlYQu3G8XtDJInnsDuh%2Bb%2FWEBkC2IS%2F%2FABOixdnxX2TVTWEfMYMKL%2FPxKbEx11u%2F055%2FUoDjrdzYroJFjDnBLoKVGbgbpldT99Ndd8H8NySgGZD7iXl4Y0p79tanzZWyvjkDoSPM1yEBQNtTXDcMlY9m1miaZBg%3D%3D&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Date=20210129T065229Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=300&X-Amz-Credential=ASIAQ3PHCVTYVNM5KPVB%2F20210129%2Fus-east-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Signature=d171b28f7ee3bea67da15e09062126314ad9954ecbb929de63c1cd6909550217&hash=05e62d5685b82add54237cbc866662870f8c36cb6d6096df27bcd4ba84fa94e2&host=68042c943591013ac2b2430a89b270f6af2c76d8dfd086a07176afe7c76c2c61&pii=S1877042814049842&tid=spdf-c699e684-b791-4145-93f5-84005f1e3381&sid=f169c08818f2e4497b692f16149baca6da8cgxrqa&type=client

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The Evolution of Media (2016) provides an overview of the development of media throughout history and its impacts on society. The writer cites various studies on the same topic supporting the three main points in this edition, which are the roles of media in society, a brief history of mass media, and the relationship between technology and media. In the first section, how people are affected by the media is discussed in detail, ranging from entertainment, education to monitor government and other institutions. Next, the continuous improvement of the media over time is emphasized with its strong influence on human life, society, and the global economy. The writer also described the manner in which technological transitions have shaped the media industries leading to the conclusion that their cause-and-effect relationship seems to be unclear.

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Alalawi’s article focuses on persuading readers that media is not limited in its influence. The writer’s arguments are developed and presented based on the results of the empirical research from respected books and other scholarly sources having the same topic of media and society. In her opinion, media touches directly on aspects of life since modern children tend to act like superstars in movies ranging from violence to trickery, which will affect their thoughts and behaviors later in life. Moreover, media have a great influence in shaping public perceptions, through children’s selection of the movie star as a role model rather than their teachers or guardians. It is also stated that societies, even those known to be peaceful, are slowly adopting images of evils like violence on their televisions. This is due to the power of the media that makes ethical topics appear to be boring and outdated. Thus, Alalawi tries to prove that the presumption that media have limited effects on society is a serious misconception.

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The section shows that the media plays a lot of roles in society over periods of time, throughout history, following the changing in people’s ideation and the operation of life. It seems that the evolution of media leads to the development and breakthrough in the ways people approach information from the traditional media as newspapers which are absorbed by reading to the listening approach as radio and television. This section is detailed and useful, and easier for the audience to follow media and culture development. However, this is not a complete section because using contraction is inappropriate for an academic article.

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The second section demonstrates a brief evolution of mass media and its roles over every specific period of time.

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Contrary to Alalawi’s argument that the media's impact is ubiquitous in society, The Evolution of Media chapter in a book produced by the University of Minnesota Libraries Publishing informs that “messages and technologies affect us in countless ways, some of which probably won’t be sorted out until long in the future” (2015, p. 3).

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The eEvolution of mMedia shows that “ Media provide in education and information on society “ (2015, p.1)
This is similar to Alalawi ‘s belief that media e affects on all classes of the society

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SUMMARY
According to the author, media plays an important role in societies. For instance, it provides entertaiment and information, and is regarded as useful public forum.

CRITIQUE
The Evolution of Media analyzes the role of media in human society throughout history.

The author points out a variety of useful and persuasive statements, but it still has limitations; namely, an overabundance data, which could confuse readers.

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1.  The core of this problem is not creating better teaching content, but making the learning experience more personalized, engaging, and motivational.

2. They prioritize practical learning and technology to make acquiring knowledge more interesting, engaging, applicable, and active for students. Time spent on learning is shortened by more realistic lessons to encourage critical thinking and creativity, and learners have the freedom of choosing the skills they want to learn at a time of their convenience.

3. Break st, replace, change the traditional system.

4. Mean: receive information from the teachers but don't feedback, and don't care what they learn.

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By Nguyen Thanh Son - Chairman Media Ventures Vietnam

There are many solutions proposed, products released, and successful projects that were highly invested in. But those attempts are just a quick fix for a traditional, outdated, and ineffective system that no longer prepares students with professional skills for the real world. The core of this problem is not creating better teaching content, but making the learning experience more personalised, engaging, and motivational.

Because knowledge is a castle that requires learners' whole life to build, we cannot just give them a handbook and expect them to build it well - we need to show them how.

The traditional education system trains students like they are in military camps. Students follow what they are told without a deep understanding of fundamental knowledge and are equipped with the same skills that were prepared for certain jobs. For years, Western countries tried to break this outdated, ineffective system using edtech.

They prioritise practical learning and technology to make acquiring knowledge more interesting, engaging, applicable, and active for students. Time spent on learning is shortened by more realistic lessons to encourage critical thinking and creativity, and learners have the freedom of choosing the skills they want to learn at a time of their convenience.

Western edtech disrupts traditional education by providing personalisation and simulation-based learning to enhance learners' experience using AI and technologically-advanced features. They broke down the old system and truly created a breakthrough.

The old education structure, however, is still very popular in Asia, especially in Vietnam. Instead of disrupting the outdated learning perspective, most edtech companies in Vietnam provide services to support the examination system, which reflects the culture's sense of competition and the pressure for high scores.

The priority is K-12, where most students sit in the same class and study the same required curriculum no matter their strength and career goals and will be sorted out for appropriate jobs and positions through multiple tests and exams. Many Vietnamese edtech startups only focus on scaling already existing products and features, such as services that help to solve exam questions, tutoring, university entrance exams practice, electronic contact books, or school management software.

They do not encourage lifelong learning, skillset training, and thus massive open online courses encounter a lack of attention in Vietnam. Unlike many Western countries where there is less emphasis on academic degrees in the workplace, it is crucial to have a university degree to find a decent job in Vietnam.

This has led to a mindset of passive learning for many young Vietnamese. Edtech in Vietnam, even though having been invested in and expanded to different sectors, did not create a significant breakthrough that could replace the old traditional system.

There are two scenarios for the future of edtech startups in Vietnam. The first one is what most are doing: improving what has already been done by making learning easier and more comfortable. For example, language tutoring services or exam practice classes. This contains less risk for the business owner because it does not require innovative features nor changing people's habits.

But learners are still dependent, inactive, and at the end of the day, still lack the skillset needed for real-world jobs. The learning process won't change but only improved and facilitated.

The second scenario is to turn the education system upside down, meaning to create alternative education programmes with unconventional curriculums. Learners are also instructors and value creators. They learn, share knowledge, and connect more closely with the materials through interactive activities and practices.

Most importantly, learners should be able to pick what they want to study, because they are fully aware of their strengths and goals. Since most people go to school to look for jobs, once leaders realise that the traditional K-12 can no longer provide the necessary skillset to excel at work, they will alter their hiring requirements and expectation, forcing the education system to make significant changes.

Comprehensive educational reform in Vietnam requires a complex process. Maybe it's time for edtech startups in Vietnam to step out of their comfort zones by not only improving the existing system but fixing how it works at its core. Changing people's habits is not easy, but giving them the motivation, accessible tools, and freedom of learning to achieve their goals is certainly possible.

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Edtech in Vietnam - revolution or simply a stagnant continuation?

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Education reform has always been a debatable topic in Vietnam for years. People talked about changing the teaching materials, and updating relevant learning content that can stimulate students' interests. People also put their trust in education technology, or edtech, that it will reinforce learning accessibility and make it easier for learners.

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https://docs.google.com/document/d/1oaavYqpYpAxUEL2kSRAT6nT8uhXrLYFDkQYA54dF6Yc/edit?usp=sharing

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Green washing means using titles like all-natural or eco-friendly or simply using a green background

in order to entice a customer into buying a product that is by no means environmental friendly. A company that uses green washing will usually exaggerate specific sustainable qualities of a product while deliberately leaving out other information. Green washing is used as a tool to financially profit of consumers growing interest in shopping green which means that the motivation to greenwash does not necessarily indicate actual environmental concern but rather the interest in profit.