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Louis Brandeis was born in Louisville, Kentucky on November 13, 1856 to two immigrant Bohemian (modern day czech republic) parents. Brandeis was raised in cultural German Jewish household but often celebrated Christian holidays in secular ways. For the most part Brandeis grew up in Kentucky, but with the American Civil War brewing they moved for their safety. His families staunch abolitionist views greatly helped in shaping his future progressive ideology.  Throughout his schooling Brandeis was always at the top and graduated Louisville Male High School at the age of 14. At the age of he was awarded for his excellence in academic studies by the Louisville University of the Public Schools. In 1872 his family moved to Dresden, Germany where Brandeis would continue to excel. 

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Throughout his life Brandeis always excelled at academics and had a passion to make America a better place.

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Louis Brandeis was a hardworking student at Harvard Law School and graduated as the valedictorian despite having poor eyesight.

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Assent to Supreme Court: Higher Education

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Assent to Supreme Court: Higher Education

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Louis Brandeis returned to the United States in 1875 and enrolled in Harvard Law School. During his time at Harvard the way law was being taught was changing and Brandeis caught on and excelled at it. Louis Brandeis immersed himself in learning that his eyesight started to go bad as he read textbooks in poorly lit environments. Instead of giving up Brandeis had his friends read to him and he would memorize the information. Eventually Brandeis graduated Harvard Law School as the Valedictorian and had one of the highest GPA's in the schools history.

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Assent to the Supreme Court: Practicing Law & Political Leanings

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Assent to the Supreme Court: Practicing Law & Political Leanings

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Louis Brandeis first law firm, Warren and Brandeis was extremely successful and garnered Brandeis the title of  the people's lawyer. Brandeis pioneered the idea of the Privacy Law. This unique concept of the time stated that individuals had the right to be left alone. Brandeis also created a new type of law review called the "Brandeis Brief". Brandeis used his brief as a way to rely heavily on scientific and social science data instead of traditional legal citings. He would use this to help ensure he could uphold workplace laws and protect workers. Politically, Brandeis was a staunch progressive. Brandies viewed monopolies and mass consumerism as a threat to the nation. As companies started getting bigger and bigger while also getting a grip on not only the economic system, but also that of the government, Brandeis decided that the government had to step in and regulate the industry. In addition, Brandeis hated mass consumerism as he felt it and its advertisements manipulate consumers and many items purchased did not hold significant value. As a lawyer Louis Brandeis would go on to do many things including creating a new life insurance system and preventing J.P. morgan from monopolizing railroads.

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Assent to the Supreme Court: Muller vs Oregon

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Assent to the Supreme Court: Muller vs Oregon

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Louis Brandeis represented the state of Oregon in the highly influential Supreme Court case of its time. Oregon had a law which limited the amount of time women could legally work. Brandeis using his "Brandeis Briefcase" and workplace facts he successfully won the case despite the Supreme Court ruling against worker laws in the past. Louis Brandeis's unique way of approaching cases greatly helped him win not only this case, but many others.

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The opinion of the Muller vs Oregon case was revolutionary when it came down to progressive policies in the workplace.

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Brandeis used his position as an attorney to fight for the people and against what he say as the rising threat of big business.

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Louis Brandeis was appointed to the Supreme Court by President Woodrow Wilson on January 28, 1916. His appointment was very controversial and resulted in the first public senate confirmation hearing.

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Supreme Court Rulings: Olmstead vs United States

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Supreme Court Rulings: Olmstead vs United States

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Olmsted was a bootlegger during the age of American prohibition on alcohol. He was convicted on charges based on evidence that the FBI had gathered using wiretapping. Olmsteads lawyers argued that the wiretapping was unconstitutional and violated Olmsteads rights and was an illegal search. The court ruled against Olmstead but Brandeis had a dissenting opinion. He built upon the previous president he had set on the right to privacy and argued that the wiretap violated a persons privacy by tapping into a private conversation. Although his opinion wasn't in the majority, the precedent was built upon in future cases involving the right of privacy.

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Supreme Court Rulings: Erie Railroad Co. v. Tompkins

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Supreme Court Rulings: Erie Railroad Co. v. Tompkins

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At the time of the case, Louis Brandeis was the Associate Justice of the Supreme Court and led the majority opinion on the case. Tompkins sued Erie Railroad Co because one of its train cars had, of no fault of his own injured him. The district court ruled against Tompkins as it did not refer to neither New York or Pennsylvania law, but rather federal common law. Brandeis and the majority of the court argued that the previous case ruling that dealt with this issue in Swift vs Tyson was an overstep of the federal governments power. Brandies stated "Congress has no power to declare substantive rules of common law applicable in a state whether they be local in their nature or 'general,' be they commercial law or a part of the law of torts. And no clause in the Constitution purports to confer such a power upon the federal courts". Essentially Brandeis stated that the federal courts could not uphold such common laws and disregard states rights. This case set the precedent that federal courts must refer to the law where the initial case originated from.

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About. (n.d.). Retrieved December 21, 2020, from https://www.brandeis.edu/about/louis-brandeis.html

Erie Railroad Co. v. Tompkins, 304 U.S. 64 (1938). (n.d.). Retrieved December 21, 2020, from https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/304/64/

Louis Brandeis. (2020, November 09). Retrieved December 21, 2020, from https://www.britannica.com/biography/Louis-Brandeis

The Supreme Court: Louis Brandeis (1916-1939). (n.d.). Retrieved December 21, 2020, from https://www.infoplease.com/us/government/judicial-branch/the-supreme-court-louis-brandeis-1916-1939