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Hi,
sorry I am extremely late to this. I work in MSK Physio outpatients, the common causes we see for hand/wrist soft-tissue swellings are already listed by everyone else, but are:
Post trauma - acute sprain or fracture
Post- op : eg ORIF post distal radial fracture.
OA
RA
PsA
Acute Tenosynovitis
CRPS. Aware there are other causes but these are the main ones common to our department.

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Sorry for the late additions:
Infection is the biggest cause of swelling I've seen during MRI. Also cellulitis. Another common one we see is swelling around joints, (joint effusions) and especially in the knee. We may then do a post arthrocentesis image to see if the effusion has reduced.

We also scan for a lot of shunts, and swelling along the shunt line can be a sign that there is a blockage in the shunt.

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Very very late.. don't think I can add anymore. But most common ones i come into contact with daily = Trauma, bites, infections and arthritis.

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Cellulitis
Fracture
OA / RA
Gout
Tenosynovitis e.g. De Quervain's

I work as a Physio within Trauma & Orthopaedics hence tend to see an already diagnosed issue! We do sometimes pick up on missed hand or wrist injuries as part of a polytrauma etc. when starting to mobilise.

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I’m addition to those already mentioned:-

Post-op swelling - FOLLOWING ORIF or soft tissue surgery eg dupuytren’s fasciotomy

CRPS

Lymphoedema following lymph node clearance

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Apologies Im late to the party and just trying to catch up, In addition to those already mentioned:
CRPS
Burns
Lymphedema
Gravitational cause of pooling as a results to trauma higher up I.e. numeral #
Pregnancy leading to carpal tunnel syndrome

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Haematomas, joint effusion, infections,
Neurovascular swelling
peripheral neuropathy
fractures, Synovitis
open/closed fractures
Insect bites!
Obvious ones more are arthritic and rheumatic conditions.

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Soft tissue swelling

Trauma
Infection (septic arthritis)
RA/OA
Congenital

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Fracture
gout
inflammatory pathology (RA etc)
synovitis
infection
hypothyroidism
vascular claudication / vascular thoracic outlet syndrome

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Fracture, soft tissue contusion, OA, Gout, RA, Synovitis, inflammatory arthropathy  tendinosis, autonomic dysregulation

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Fracture, soft tissue contusion, OA, Gout, RA, Synovitis, inflammatory arthropathy  tendinosis, autonomic dysregulation

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Localised
Infection, mucoid cyst, ganglion swelling.

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I work in CT (Computed Tomography) unit as a diagnostic Radiographer. When a patient with soft tissue swelling of the hands, wrists or fingers attends our department, it is usually with a history of trauma. But other times it could be due to soft tissue mass, infection, injury and blood clot amidst other sinister pathologies. Such patients would usually have done x-ray to rule out, at least, a fracture. CT scan is done as a follow – up study. As Radiographers, we would image the area affected and as indicated on the exam request. Axial CT images provide more detailed information in three different planes, unlike x-ray with 2-dimensional images. As orthopedic surgeons do require, we could reconstruct the acquired images to give a 3-D volumetric rendering images for diagnosing subtle abnormalities. The acquired images are sent for reporting which is done by either a reporting Radiographer or a Radiologist. The reports are made available to the referring clinician who then decides the next line of management for the patient.

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RA
OA
Tenosynovitis
Actue soft tissue trauma
#/dislocation

Cant think of anymore withhout googling!