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Gay and Lesbian Children Are Coming Out Earlier

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Is Childhood Becoming Too Sexualized, edited by Olivia Ferguson and Hayley Mitchell Haugen, Greenhaven Press, 2010. At Issue. Opposing Viewpoints in Context, http%3A%2F%2Flink.galegroup.com%2Fapps%2Fdoc%2FEJ3010714214%2FOVIC%3Fu%3Dpl2683%26sid%3DOVIC%26xid%3D79e0a3b1. Accessed 10 Mar. 2019. Originally published as "Coming Out in Middle School," New York Times Magazine, 27 Sept. 2009.

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This article somehow explains how parents who are against lesbian and gay people, still support their Lgbt kids, who can be gay or lesbian

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In the six months since marriage equality became the law of the land, the anti-gay backlash has arrived on cue. In 2015, social conservatives introduced a record number of harmful bills in statehouses across America, parenting rights have been attacked despite the resolution of marriage equality, GOP candidates have vowed to roll back executive and judicial progress on equality, and religious conservatives have settled on a strategy of claiming special exemptions from the law based on radical interpretations of their faith.

In other words, the culture wars continue. What's getting lost in the shuffle is the actual impact of this battle's rhetoric and policies on children and families, who are repeatedly used as pawns in the larger debate. In the name of "protecting children," the Family Research Council touts fake research to support yanking children out of stable, loving homes just because their parents are gay or lesbian. In the name of helping set young people free, religious zealots press upon them discredited " conversion therapy" that's known to be useless at best and harmful at worst. These efforts are particularly troubling because they cause damage even if they fail: Research shows that simply having public conversations about whether to protect or thwart gay rights can have a harmful effect on LGBTQ people.

One of the many reasons public attitudes about homosexuality remain critically important, regardless of what law and policy may say, is that LGBTQ kids usually grow up in families headed by straight people. Having the right to marry or become a soldier can seem insignificant to a child whose parents think his very essence is disgusting or tell him he's bound for hell.

But there's a bright spot in all this. Despite the high temperature of so much culture war rhetoric, it turns out that careful deployment of the facts and a dose of open-mindedness by people of good faith (yes, millions still exist) can create win-win results even in families with LGBTQ kids whose parents view homosexuality or gender nonconformity warily.

My research team at Columbia Law School's What We Know Project recently conducted a research review of an emerging body of literature that shows how this can work. In a literature search, we identified 42 peer-reviewed studies that found links between family support and positive health and wellbeing outcomes among LGBTQ young people. Dozens of these studies found links between family acceptance, specifically, and LGBTQ wellbeing, meaning that when parents exhibit accepting behaviors toward their children's sexual orientation or gender identity, they increase the odds that those children will fare better-be less likely to experience suicidality, depression, or anxiety; engage in substance abuse; or contract HIV or other sexually transmitted diseases. The results show that sexuality-specific support (that is, expressing acceptance of a child's orientation or identity) makes a bigger positive difference than simply being supportive parents in general (i.e., without acknowledging the child's sexual minority status) and that parental support matters even more than peer support.

It may seem unsurprising that positive family reactions would contribute to children's wellbeing. But for many years-and for many reasons-this has not been an obvious conclusion, and it has not formed the basis of best practices for LGBTQ youth.

For one thing, many in the LGBTQ community viewed family as the problem, not the solution. Swayed in some instances by their own troubling experiences with rejecting families, in an era when the religious right's anti-gay rhetoric was ascendant, many LGBTQ Americans fled rejecting families and created a strong peer network in their place. Community advocates, quite understandably for the time, educated the wider world of providers, caregivers, and researchers in a model that valued peer over family support. In this context, research was not expected to find that parental acceptance mattered greatly to psychological wellbeing. Similarly, service agencies often treated LGBTQ youth differently than other children and adolescents. "Historically, youth service providers saw their role as protecting these kids from harm," says Dr. Caitlin Ryan, a top researcher in the field and director of the Family Acceptance Project, a research and training center at San Francisco State University. "In their view, that included protecting LGBT youth from their parents and families."

But Ryan's research, now echoed by numerous other studies, found something that shouldn't be surprising but was to many people. Families with LGBTQ kids-even fiercely anti-gay, religious conservative families-loved their kids, too, and could and should (whenever possible) be part of the solution. "Both accepting and rejecting parents loved their LGBT children and thought that how they responded to them was helping them," she says. "But how they responded differed dramatically from shaming and excluding them from family events to helping them come out to others and requiring that family members treat them with respect. These very different reactions contributed to very different results in terms of their health risks and wellbeing." Some anti-gay parents would mortgage their house to pay for conversion therapy, so badly did they want to help their kids fit in and thrive.

These parents were shocked to learn that they were not, in fact, helping their kids by trying to suppress or change their difference, by telling them they could end up unhappy and alone, rejected not only by society but also by God. They actually thought they were helping their children by discouraging them from taking a risky path. Yet by simply obtaining information from trusted sources in nonjudgmental contexts-and by learning from research that their rejecting behaviors were actually increasing rather than mitigating their children's risk of harm -they were able to take steps to reduce harm.

Importantly, the parents did not have to give up their cherished beliefs or values in order to behave in less damaging ways, something that creates a window for religious conservatives to play a new role in mitigating harm to LGBTQ people. Welcoming your child's other LGBTQ friends into the home or defending her when she's attacked for her identity does not require abandoning a belief that homosexuality is wrong. The juxtaposition may be uneasy, to be sure, and it may compel some soul-searching or probing of one's values. But what the Family Acceptance Project was able to do with its research and training was to give these families new tools of understanding and behavior that changed the conversation from one of morality and values to one of heath and wellbeing.

As policies and attitudes on LGBTQ equality continue to evolve-and in the wake of securing marriage equality-new opportunities arise, but also new threats. Not only is the political and social backlash fierce; LGBTQ youth are responding to a more positive climate by coming out at younger ages. This can mean spending more time as out youth with parents who may be as rejecting as ever-regardless of what the law says.

The family acceptance research shows that these families can be part of the solution. It also contains recommendations about how practitioners and policymakers whose work affects LGBTQ youth can be most responsive to their needs: The era of "don't ask, don't tell" is over, and the American Medical Association recommends that all health care providers who see youth should ask adolescents about their sexual orientation, as uncomfortable as that may make them; groups that serve LGBTQ youth should provide a way for families to participate in their programming; and families should take them up on it. These are common-sense measures-now backed by research-that people on both sides of the continuing gay divide should be able to embrace. There's enough division in our world. Let's let kids be kids.

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New Research Shows Anti-Gay Parents Still Love Their LGBTQ Kids

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In the six months since marriage equality became the law of the land, the anti-gay backlash has arrived on cue.

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This article gives reason as to why schools shouldn't support homosexuality

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Schools Should Not Teach Positive Messages About Homosexuality

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Teenage Sexuality, edited by Aarti D. Stephens, Greenhaven Press, 2012. Opposing Viewpoints. Opposing Viewpoints in Context, http%3A%2F%2Flink.galegroup.com%2Fapps%2Fdoc%2FEJ3010166276%2FOVIC%3Fu%3Dpl2683%26sid%3DOVIC%26xid%3D5a8eb5f8. Accessed 10 Mar. 2019. Originally published as "Gay-Affirmative Public School Teachers/Criteria May Influence Brain Maturation in Teens," The Road to Emmaus, 25 Jan. 2005.

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This article gives reason why not to allow Lgbt into the military

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Tolerating Open Homosexuality in the Military Will Hurt Unit Effectiveness

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The authors acknowledge that 67 percent of all Marines, more than 60 percent of special-operations personnel, and 57 percent of soldiers in Army combat units believe changing the law would hurt military efficiency, unit cohesion, readiness, and retention. Overall, 35 percent of service members deployed overseas said that changing the law in current circumstances would have a negative impact on combat effectiveness.

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This article describes what sexual harassment is and what the affects of sexual harassment puts on mental, emotional, and physical health.

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You should be able to feel comfortable in your place of work or learning. If you are being sexually harassed, you can report it to the authorities at your job or school.

What is sexual harassment?

Sexual harassment includes unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors, and other verbal or physical harassment of a sexual nature in the workplace or learning environment, according to the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission ( EEOC). Sexual harassment does not always have to be specifically about sexual behavior or directed at a specific person. For example, negative comments about women as a group may be a form of sexual harassment.

Although sexual harassment laws do not usually cover teasing or offhand comments, these behaviors can also be upsetting and have a negative emotional effect.

What does sexual harassment look like?

Sexual harassment can occur in a variety of circumstances. The harasser can identify with any gender and have any relationship to the victim, including being a direct manager, indirect supervisor, coworker, teacher, peer, or colleague.

Some forms of sexual harassment include:

Making conditions of employment or advancement dependent on sexual favors, either explicitly or implicitly.

Physical acts of sexual assault.

Requests for sexual favors.

Verbal harassment of a sexual nature, including jokes referring to sexual acts or sexual orientation.

Unwanted touching or physical contact.

Unwelcome sexual advances.

Discussing sexual relations/stories/fantasies at work, school, or in other inappropriate places.

Feeling pressured to engage with someone sexually.

Exposing oneself or performing sexual acts on oneself.

Unwanted sexually explicit photos, emails, or text messages.

What is the difference between sexual harassment and sexual assault? What about sexual misconduct?

Sexual harassment is a broad term, including many types of unwelcome verbal and physical sexual attention. Sexual assault refers to sexual contact or behavior, often physical, that occurs without the consent of the victim. Sexual harassment generally violates civil laws-you have a right to work or learn without being harassed-but in many cases is not a criminal act, while sexual assault usually refers to acts that are criminal. Some forms of sexual assault include:

Penetration of the victim's body, also known as rape.

Attempted rape.

Forcing a victim to perform sexual acts, such as oral sex or penetration of the perpetrator's body.

Fondling or unwanted sexual touching.

Sexual misconduct is a non-legal term used informally to describe a broad range of behaviors, which may or may not involve harassment. For example, some companies prohibit sexual relationships between coworkers, or between an employee and their boss, even if the relationship is consensual.

Where can sexual harassment occur?

Sexual harassment can occur in the workplace or learning environment, like a school or university. It can happen in many different scenarios, including after-hours conversations, exchanges in the hallways, and non-office settings of employees or peers.

What can I do when I witness sexual harassment?

You may have heard the term bystander intervention to describe stepping in to help if you see someone who might be in danger or at risk for sexual assault. Bystander intervention can also be a helpful strategy if you witness sexual harassment. You don't have to be a hero to make a positive impact in someone's life, and you can intervene in a way that fits your comfort level and is appropriate for the situation. If you choose to step in, you may be able to give the person being harassed a chance to get to a safe place or leave the situation. Below are some of the steps you can take if you see someone being sexually harassed-just remember to C.A.R.E., and of course, keep your own safety in mind at all times.

Create a distraction. Do what you can to interrupt the harassment, or distract those taking part in the harassment. But remember to make sure that you aren't putting yourself in danger by doing this. If someone seems like they could become violent, do not draw their attention.

Ask directly. Talk directly with the person who is being harassed. If they are being harassed at work or school, offer to accompany them anytime they have to meet with the harasser. If a friend is worried about walking alone to their car at night, offer to walk with them.

Refer to an authority. The safest way to intervene for both you and the person being harassed may be to bring in an authority figure. You can talk to another employee, security guard, RA in your dorm, bartender, or bouncer, and they will often be willing to step in.

Enlist others. It can be hard to step in alone, especially if you are worried about your own safety or if you don't think you will be able to help on your own. It may be a good idea to enlist the help of a friend or another bystander.

What are some effects of sexual harassment?

Experiencing sexual harassment may cause some survivors to face emotional, physical, or mental health concerns. Some of them might include:

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what is sexual harassment in the workplace

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You should be able to feel comfortable in your place of work or learning. If you are being sexually harassed, you can report it to the authorities at your job, school, or local law enforcement.

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This article explains how trans service members are secretly fighting in the military and aren't causing any trouble

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This article talks about gender dsyphoria, a mental illness usually diagnosed to transgender people, and how they shouldn't be labeled with this dsyphoria.

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Transgender People Should Not Be Labeled with Mental Disorders

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Transgender People, edited by Roman Espejo, Greenhaven Press, 2011. At Issue. Opposing Viewpoints in Context, http%3A%2F%2Flink.galegroup.com%2Fapps%2Fdoc%2FEJ3010712203%2FOVIC%3Fu%3Dpl2683%26sid%3DOVIC%26xid%3D5a7986cd. Accessed 8 Mar. 2019. Originally published as "Issues of GID Diagnosis for Transsexual Women and Men," GID Reform Advocates White Paper, 2010.

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This article discusses the transgender ban in the military reinforced by president trump.

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Transgender rights activists applauded the Obama administration's decision to lift the ban. That celebration, however, would be short-lived. The election of President Trump in November 2016 cast doubt over whether protections provided to LGBTQ Americans would continue under the new administration. In July 2017 Trump announced through a series of Twitter posts that he would reinstate the ban.

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Thjs article describes different types of sexual harassment and where sexual harassment can take place and why it happens.

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As #MeToo continued to circulate, social media sites and other online outlets served as community platforms for discussing sexual harassment. Professional writers and bloggers shared both their experiences and their recommendations for how to improve reporting, prevent future occurrences, and cultivate a more egalitarian and respectful society.

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This article explains what homosexuality is.

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A watershed moment for the public perception of homosexuality in the United States occurred in New York City in the early morning hours of June 28, 1969. That night, New York City police raided the Stonewall Inn, a local bar on Christopher Street in Greenwich Village popular among gay men and lesbians, for serving liquor without a license.

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This article explains how gender identity is different from a persons sex.

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Gender markers on driver's licenses, for example, have generated debate about how the government should accommodate people with nontraditional gender identities. Depending on the state in which transgender and gender non-conforming people live, they can face substantial obstacles to revising their documentation.

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This article discusses the effects of parents trying to be helpful to their LGBT children by making them fit in with their heterosexual peers, which only makes the child feel that the parent doesn't love who they are and might even hate them. It also discusses how family rejection affects the child's mental health and physical health. This supports my claim

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This article explains how policies that protect transgender students do not risk the safety of other students attending the school. It also says how allowing these policies also lets the transgender student to fully participate in school and succeed. It supports my claim because it depicts how a school can support their trans and students by allowing these policies.

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National Center for Transgender Equality

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Read what experts on education, sexual assault and domestic violence, and law enforcement have to say on the effects of nondiscrimination laws on public safety.

School Officials Agree: Policies Protecting Transgender Student Do Not Compromise the Privacy or Safety of Other Students

Every student should have a fair chance to succeed in school. But many transgender students face hostility, discrimination and bullying-including when it comes to using the restroom. A growing number of schools have worked with transgender and non-transgender students and their parents to develop policies that ensure a safe learning environment for everyone. These policies help ensure that transgender students have the opportunity to fully participate and succeed in school, so they can graduate with their classmates.

Opponents of laws and policies that protect transgender students often claim that those policies put other students' safety and privacy at risk. However, school officials who have implemented or overseen these policies have found that these claims are simply unfounded.

In this letter signed by school officials from Kentucky, Massachusetts, California, Washington, Illinois, New York and Oregon-speaking directly of their experience with integrating transgender students into the facilities that match their identities, they explain:

Discussions about school policy involving transgender students often focus on hypothetical concerns that respecting students' gender identity, and allowing them to use facilities in accordance with their gender identity, will violate the privacy or "comfort" of other students, and lead to the abolition of gender-segregated facilities such as restrooms and locker rooms altogether. Other commonly voiced concerns include the idea that transgender students might just be "confused," likely to change their minds about their gender identity, or falsely claiming to be transgender for some nefarious purpose. We have addressed-and in some cases personally grappled with-many of the same concerns. But in our experience, none of those concerns have materialized in the form of actual problems in our schools. We have not experienced problems with policies allowing transgender students to access bathrooms or locker rooms in accordance with their gender identity. Nor have we experienced transgender students or any other students attempting to be dishonest or break the rules. To the contrary, our transgender students simply want to be safe while using school facilities.

Other notable quotes from school officials and organizations:
"As educators it is our responsibility to make sure all children feel safe and welcomed into our school communities. This includes students who are transgender and our policy should reflect that," wrote Jeremy Majeski (pictured), principal of Komensky Elementary School in Berwyn, Illinois.

Referring to the school's move to accommodate transgender students: "This was probably the best decision we made as a school all year," said Kevin Biggs, principal of Roosevelt High School in Des Moines, Iowa.

"Superintendents across Massachusetts have been welcoming transgender students to their schools for years without issue," wrote the Massachusetts Association of School Superintendents.

With transgender-friendly policies in place for a decade, officials in Los Angeles and San Francisco - which cover about 700,000 students total - have made it clear that they have not had any of the problems some feared. No problems have been caused by transgender students, and other students have not pretended to be transgender either.
Want more? Check these out:
Transgender Students and School Bathrooms: Frequently Asked Questions by several school-related organizations, such as the National Association of Elementary School Principals and the National Association of Secondary School Principals.

School Action Center: Get resources to help your school become more trans-friendly.

Sexual Assault Prevention Experts: Protecting transgender people does not compromise safety in restrooms

Amid the national uproar over bathroom ban laws earlier this year, more than 300 of the nation's leading sexual assault and domestic violence prevention organizations released a statement calling for an end to legislation that harms transgender people and excludes them from restrooms and other facilities. They wrote:

"States across the country have introduced harmful legislation or initiatives that seek to repeal non-discrimination protections or restrict transgender people's access to gender-specific facilities like restrooms. Those who are pushing these proposals have claimed that these proposals are necessary for public safety and to prevent sexual violence against women and children. As rape crisis centers, shelters, and other service providers who work each and every day to meet the needs of all survivors and reduce sexual assault and domestic violence throughout society, we speak from experience and expertise when we state that these claims are false.

"Nondiscrimination laws do not allow men to go into women's restrooms-period. The claim that allowing transgender people to use the facilities that match the gender they live every day allows men into women's bathrooms or women into men's is based either on a flawed understanding of what it means to be transgender or a misrepresentation of the law."

"As advocates committed to ending sexual assault and domestic violence of every kind, we will never support any law or policy that could put anyone at greater risk for assault or harassment. That is why we are able to strongly support transgender- inclusive nondiscrimination protections-and why we oppose any law that would jeopardize the safety of transgender people by forcing them into restrooms that do not align with the gender they live every day."

For the full statement and to see the entire list of supporting organizations, visit the National Alliance to End Sexual Violence website here.

Police Departments Across the Country Agree: There's been no increase in public safety incidents in cities and states with nondiscrimination laws

We all care about safety and privacy in restrooms. Which is why it's important to remember that nondiscrimination laws protecting lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender people have been around for a long time. In fact, 18 states and over 200 cities across the country have passed and successfully implemented laws that protect lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender people from discrimination in public accommodations-and there's been no increase in public safety incidents in restrooms in any of these cities or states.

However, those who oppose protecting gay and transgender people from discrimination falsely claim that these laws put the safety of women and children at risk - they say these laws can be abused by predators to go into women's facilities. However, the claims have no basis in fact.

About half of the U.S. population lives in a city or state that has a transgender-inclusive nondiscrimination law. Here are what police officials from places with these laws say about whether or not these laws threaten public safety:

Spokespeople from the Des Moines, Albuquerque, Baltimore San Francisco, Los Angeles, and New York city police departments said they knew of no problems in facilities relating to California and New York City's non-discrimination laws - which have all been in place for over a decade.

The Des Moines (Iowa) Police Department said "We have not seen that." when asked if they there were any cases of sexual assault related to the state's non-discrimination statute, passed in 2007.

The Cambridge (Massachusetts) Police Superintendent said "there have been no incidents of men dressing up as women to commit crimes in female bathrooms and using the city ordinance as a defense."

Rehoboth, Delaware Police Chief Keith Banks said, "We've had no concerns on this and no complaints have been made, and we have observed none,"concerning Delaware's non-discrimination law.

The Minneapolis Police Department said that fears about sexual assault are "not even remotely" a problem, and the notion of men posing as transgender women to enter women's restrooms to commit sex crimes "sounds a little silly." Minneapolis was the first city to pass a transgender-inclusive nondiscrimination law over 40 years ago, in 1975.

The Las Vegas Police Department was asked if they had seen any cases of sexual assault related to the state's non-discrimination statutes. Their response? "The answer would be no."

The Albuquerque Police Department said, "We are unaware of any cases of assault" due to New Mexico's non-discrimination law, which passed in 2003. 7

A Portland, Oregon Police Department representative said, "I have never heard of any issues" of assault relating to the state's non-discrimination statute, which passed in 2007.

Detective Nicole Monroe, a public information officer with the Baltimore Police Department, said worries about transgender-inclusive policies are "the most ridiculous thing I've ever heard." Baltimore passed its law in 2002 and Maryland passed a state law in 2014.

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Read what experts on education, sexual assault and domestic violence, and law enforcement have to say on the effects of nondiscrimination laws on public safety. Every student should have a fair chance to succeed in school. But many transgender students face hostility, discrimination and bullying-including when it comes to using the restroom.

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In this video a man talks about discrimination against LGBT members, and how this discrimination affects the mental state and physical health of these LGBT members. He also mentions how discrimination is not a rare thing either. He states that with more support, LGBTQ members won't face so many mental illnesses.

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For LGBT People, Discrimination Still Brings Mental Health Challenges. | Big Think

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Ivan Coyote talks about how public bathrooms aren't open to anyone, only people that fit perfectly into the boy or girl categories. He also discusses how a small girl who didn't completely fit into the "girls" category, and was bullied and harassed at preschool by the other children. He depicts how public bathrooms are already an issue for small kids and will continue to be a problem for the rest of those kids lives. Ivans shows how gender neutral bathrooms are necessary in schools and in public places in general. This supports my claim because it depicts why schools have to install gender neutral bathrooms to support their transgender and gender-nonconforming students.

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Why we need gender-neutral bathrooms | Ivan Coyote

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Maslow's hierarchy is broken down into five different levels on a pyramid, where in order to get higher in the levels, one must first complete the lower levels, from the bottom up. The first pier that has to be passed is physiological needs. These needs are the basics, such as food, water, air, and sleep. The second level is safety needs, such as shelter, job security, health, and safe environments. The third layer is named social needs. These needs include feeling like one belongs, is loved, and has affection, as well as relationships with family and friends. The fourth layer, esteem needs, assesses how one needs to establish self-worth within themselves, and have pride in themselves and their work. The final pier is named self-actualization. This is a process where people see their full potential, and eventually reach this potential. This model depicts the first four levels. It shows how even the basic needs of a human can't be reached by some LGBTQ members if constantly being discriminated against by strangers, family, and laws, which is why schools and parents should be more supportive.

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33 percent of all teens who have commited suicide are of the LGBTQ community, that is an estimated of 15,569 teens. Out of all the homeless youth, 42 percent of those are LGBTQ, that would be about 1,050,000 people younger than 18 who are homeless, because of being LGBTQ. And, finally, the amount of LGBTQ members kicked out of their only home is an estimated 520,000 people. Relatives, schools, peers, and even strangers, constantly abuse LGBTQ youth, making them feel as if they aren't wanted, or needed, making them feel like if they can't express themselves the way they truly feel inside, what is the point of being in other people's lives, which causes these suicides or attempts of suicide. Not to mention the fact that parents, the ones who have raised this person and should unconditionally love them, are putting down their children or kicking them out simply because they aren't heterosexual or feel they are their assigned gender at birth. These issues can easily be fixed if parents and schools were supportive of the LGBTQ youth.

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LGBTQ youth are discriminated against and bullied by either their homophobic relatives or peers at school. This is another way that LGBTQ U.S. citizens aren't supported, but should be.

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President Trump has banned transgender U.S. citizens from serving our country in the military, claiming that having them in our military will disrupt the effectiveness of our troops. This shows us that Trump does not see transgender Americans as suitable soldiers in the military.

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If students aren't excepted in schools and are constantly treated in a hostile manner, their learning ability will be affected, as well as their self esteem, an aspect that all schools should try to help their students achieve. This is one of the many ways that LGBTQ citizens aren't being supported.