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Methods used to detect errors in data transmission. 

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Methods used to detect errors in data transmission. 

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Repetition and redundancy scheme is
Parity bit - This is also known as a check bit, is a single bit that can be appended to a binary string. It is set to either 1 or 0 to make the total number of 1-bits either even ("even parity") or odd ("odd parity").
Check digits -

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Symmetric encryption - This involves only one secret key to cipher and decipher information.

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This is a unit of data that is made into a single package that travels along a given network path. Data packets are used in IP transmissions for data that navigates the Web, and in other kinds of networks.

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IEEE 802.3 - 10 Mbit/s (1.25 MB/s)
IEEE 802.11 - computer communication in the 900 MHz and 2.4, 3.6 , 5, and 60 GHz frequency bands.

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make sure you finish writing definitions for everything. What you have is fine but make sure you elaborate on these with examples, etc. Keep fighting on

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Client device - This is things such as phones, sky boxes.
Server - This is things such as
Switch - This is a computer network device which allows devices to connect to communicate,
Router - A
Firewall -
Repeater -

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A full duplex communication channel is the best choice for transmitting data between the units and the control centre because in full duplex communications data can be transmitted in both directions on a single carrier at the same time, meaning that the data can be transmitted between the units and the control centre both but at the same time on the single carrier.

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Full Duplex - Data can be transmitted in both directions on a signal carrier at the same time.  For example, on a local area network with a technology that has full-duplex transmission, one workstation can be sending data on the line while another workstation is receiving data.

Half Duplex - This means that data can be transmitted in both directions on a signal carrier, but not at the same time. E.g , on a local area network using a technology that has half-duplex transmission, one workstation can send data on the line and then immediately receive data on the line from the same direction in which data was just transmitted.

Simplex -

Parallel - This is more than 1 event happening at a time.  It is usually contrasted with serial, meaning only one event happening at a time.

Serial -

Synchronous transmission - This is a data transfer method which is characterised by a continuous stream of data in the form of signals which are accompanied by regular timing signals which are generated by some external clocking mechanism meant to ensure that both the sender and receiver are synchronized with each other.

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How is binary used to display image type

What is the impact of image reselutuion on a way an image is stored
This is that the image resolution is stored in things called 'pix' this is small colourful dots which makes an image.

What is the impact

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Microprocessor without Interlocked Pipeline Stages (MIPS) this is a reduced instruction set computer, developed by MIPS technologies. Firstly there was MIPS architectures that were 32 bit but then increased to 64 bit versions later on. The components of the MIPS architecture are Memory, Control unit and other components of the data path.

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Real-time operating system
single user single task
Single user Multitasking
Multi user

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MDR - Memory data. This holds data as they are moved to and from memory.
MAR - Memory address. Holds the address of the next data/instruction to be fetched.
CIR - Instruction. This holds the instruction currently being executed.
PC - Program Counter. Holds the address of the next instruction to be fetched - incremented automatically unless a jump instruction is executed, when it is overwritten.
ACC/GP - ACC is the accumulator. The register to which ALU sends the result of its operation.  GP is the general purpose register.

Multiprocessing
This refers to the multiple CPU's which can run multiple applications or services at once and/or multiple threads at once. It can be set up on multiple computers

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What is this?

To back something up means that you copy it or make a copy of it so that if your work/documents gets lots then you have a spare copy that you have backed up. You do this by putting it in another area such as on a USB drive or any other eternal storage.

Why do we do this?

We do this so that we have a spare copy of whatever it is that you don't want to be lost, so that is there is a virus or it is accidentally deleted then you still have all your work.

What are the types of backup we can do?

The different types of backups are things such as differential backup, incremental backup and full back-up.

Who should be doing it?

If it is your files then it will be you backing them up, who ever is in charge of it will back it up.

How?

You can back them up by things such as thumb drives, external backup drives and cloud backup.

Differential backup - This is a type of backup that copies all of your data that changed since the last backup. For example if a full backup is done on Sunday, Monday’s differential backup backs up all the files changed or added since Sunday’s full backup.

Incremental - This is a type of backup that only copies files that have changed since the previous backup. For example if a full backup was performed on Monday, Tuesdays incremental will backup all changed files since Mondays backup. However Wednesday's incremental will only backup files that have changed since Tuesdays incremental backup and so on until another full backup is performed.

Full backup - This stores all the files and folders, this is a complete backup of everything you want to backup.

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CPU - Central processing unit

HDD - Hard disk drive

SSD  - Solid state drive

HTML - Hypertext markup language

OS - Operating system

HW - Hardware

UI - User interface (So the user can interact with the computer/device)

IP - Internet protocol. This is the method or protocol by which data is sent from one computer to another on the internet.

DHCP - Dynamic/data host configuration protocol

DNS - Domain name system

HTTP - Hypertext transfer protocol. This is used by the World Wide Web and this protocol defines how messages are formatted and transmitted, and what actions Web servers and browsers should take in response to various commands.

TCP  - Transmission control protocol. This is a set of networking protocols that allows two or more computers to communicate.

UDP - User diagram protocol

POP3 - Post office protocol 3 (Client/server in which emails are received)

SMTP - Simple mail transfer protocol (Protocol used to send emails over internet)

GUI - Graphical user interface (This is a human computer interface e.g. a way for humans to interact with computers)

CLI - Command-line interface (Also known as command line user interface, console user interface and character user interface.)

WIMP - Windows, Icons, Menus, Pointer.

RAM - Random access memory (Temporary volatile storage)

MB - Motherboard (Allows all components to communicate)

CS - Client server - Denoting a computer system in which a central server provides data to a number of networked workstations.
RAID - Redundant Array of Independent Disks
NAS - Network area storage
LAN - Local area network
MAN - Metropolititan area network
WAN - Wide area network
PAN - Personal area network
SAN -
IEEE 802.11-  This is a set of media access control

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Stack -  This is a data structure used to store a collection of objects. Individual items can be added and stored in a stack using a push operation.
Queue -  A kind of abstract data type or collection. It is also a container of objects that are inserted and removed according to the first-in first-out principle.
Array - This is a data structure consisting of a collection of elements each identified by at least one array index or key.
List - This is a data structure that consists of a sequence of data records such as that in each record that is a field that contains a reference to the next record in the sequence.

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A Reduced instruction set is a type of microprocessor that completes a small but highly optimized set of instructions

Complex instruction sets are computers that are designed with a full set of computer instructions that provide the needed capability in the most efficient way possible.
An advantage of CISC is that the reprogramming is more easier and much less expensive.

Pipelining This is allowing multiple instructions to be proceed at a given time at different stages to have more throughput.

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PC or Laptop - These would be more suitable for the Von Neumann architecture, this is because the CPU would communicate with the  RAM.
Arduino - This would be suitable for Harvard.

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What is meant by 'family'? Give examples for both CPU and OS.
A computer family is a category of computers with things such as the same designs and microprocessors that are compatible with each other. An example of a computer family are the IBM  or PC family against apple or Mac family of computers.

What does low-level program and API mean?
A low-level program is

What uses might someone have for emulation?

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The server i chose was Von Newman NUMA (Non uniform memory access) because if the website is going to have thousands and even millions of users then the server will have to be quick and. The Server is one of the fastest so it will deal with a lot of users well, this is because it will get it done fast an is used in multiprocessing so will be suitable with the amount of viewers/users it will get. The processor can access its own local memory faster than non local memory which will be much quicker and deal with more website users at once. More people will overall get a more faster internet page due to the faster server.

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This allows a computer system to run multiple tasks at the same time.
Multi-threading - A single application

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Memory management - is a form of response management applied to computer memory. The essential requirement of memory management is to provide ways of dynamically allocate portions of memory to programs at their request.

Menu based interface - A computer interface so designed that instructions from the user to the system are chosen from a displayed list of options rather than input by the user as a series of memorised commands.

Touchscreen - This is an input and output device normally layered on the top of an electronic visual display.

There are two types of touch screens, Resistive and capacitive.

Resistive touch - Touch down on it and it flexes back where you've pressed the screen,This is glass coated. It is more accurate .

Capacitive touch - this consists of two spaced layers of glass, that is coated with a conductor. When the human finger touches the glass of the capacitive surface, it changes the local electrostatic.

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Fundamental truth or proposition - that serves as the foundation for a system of belief or behaviour or for a chain of reasoning

Real time operating system - Intended to serve real time applications that process data as it comes in.

Single user operating system - Used as a maintenance

Bootstrapping - the program that boots the OS.

Device drivers - This controls a particular type of device that is attached to your computer.

OS Memory manager - The process of controlling and coordinating computer memory, assigning portions called blocks to various running programs to optimise overall system performance.

Blocksize - A physical record of bytes and bits.

Kernel - The central or core part of the OS used to control and manage system component tasks.

Interrupts - Something that needs immediate attention.

Disk access - Accessing backup storage

File systems - To control how data is organised on a backing storage

Menu based - Menu choices that a user can select to navigate from one place to another.

Striping - 2 hard disks, half to each faster.

Mirroring - Copying data from one location to a storage device in real time.

Bit rate - This describes the rate at which bits are transferred from one location to another. Basically , it measures how much data is transmitted in a given amount of time.

Baud - The number of times, a signal changes per second.

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This is a computing industry standard for the consistent encoding and handling of text  expressed in most of the world's writing systems. It is basically a system for "the interchange, processing, and display of the written texts of the diverse languages of the modern world." It also supports many classical and historical texts in a number of languages.

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MICROARCHITECTURE
The design of the very tiny
circuits inside a CPU, MB and
other computer components.

Affects the choice of CPU for
PCs and Laptops and the
choice of SoC in
smartphones.

CONCEPTS OF MICROARCHITECTURE
Instruction Cycles

Is when the CPU executes an instruction or command in low-level
code.
Called a cycle because when the execution is complete the cycle
restarts
Every CPU carries out lots of cycles a second
Execution Speed
Is the rate at which a CPU can process instructions

Factors affecting execution speeds
Reasons why the following affect execution speeds:
Clock speed - This is because the number of Hertz effects the execution speed.

Design of the CPU -  This limits how fast the CPU can run.

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Principles of open source software

Transparency

Free distribution

Participation

Must provide source code or make it available

Collaboration