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Aperture priority, often abbreviated A or Av (for aperture value) on a camera mode dial, is a setting on some cameras that allows the user to set a specific aperture value (f-number) while the camera selects a shutter speed to match it that will result in proper exposure based on the lighting conditions as measured by the camera's light meter. This is different from manual mode, where the user must decide both values, shutter priority where the user picks a shutter speed with the camera selecting an appropriate aperture, or program mode where the camera selects both.

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The f-number of an optical system such as a camera lens is the ratio of the system's focal length to the diameter of the entrance pupil. It is a dimensionless number that is a quantitative measure of lens speed, and an important concept in photography. It is also known as the focal ratio, f-ratio, or f-stop.The f-number of an optical system such as a camera lens is the ratio of the system's focal length to the diameter of the entrance pupil. It is a dimensionless number that is a quantitative measure of lens speed, and an important concept in photography. It is also known as the focal ratio, f-ratio, or f-stop.

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The aperture stop of a photographic lens can be adjusted to control the amount of light reaching the film or image sensor. In combination with variation of shutter speed, the aperture size will regulate the film's or image sensor's degree of exposure to light.

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In photography, bokeh (originally /ˈboʊkɛ/, /ˈboʊkeɪ/ BOH-kay — also sometimes pronounced as /ˈboʊkə/ BOH-kə, Japanese: [boke]) is the aesthetic quality of the blur produced in the out-of-focus parts of an image produced by a lens. Bokeh has been defined as "the way the lens renders out-of-focus points of light".

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Focal Length and Angle of view. The focal length of the lens is the distance between the lens and the image sensor when the subject is in focus, usually stated in millimeters (e.g., 28 mm, 50 mm, or 100 mm). In the case of zoom lenses, both the minimum and maximum focal lengths are stated, for example 18–55 mm.

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the distance between the nearest and the furthest objects that give an image judged to be in focus in a camera.

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A digital single-lens reflex camera (also called a digital SLR or DSLR) is a digital camera that combines the optics and the mechanisms of a single-lens reflex camera with a digital imaging sensor, as opposed to photographic film.

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Both Vibration Reduction (Nikon) and Image Stabilization (Canon) is a technology that helps stabilize the lens movement associated from hand shake which helps eliminate blurry photos resulting from hand shake or too slow of a shutter speed.

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a set of data that describes and gives information about other data.

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Thumbnails are reduced-size versions of pictures or videos, used to help in recognizing and organizing them, serving the same role for images as a normal text index does for words

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The four main modes, sometimes abbreviated "PASM", are: P: Program mode has the camera calculate both shutter speed and aperture (given a manually or automatically selected ISO).

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Manual mode is one of the main settings on your camera, and it lets you manually control shutter speed, aperture, and ISO. ... The auto modes (Auto, Program), and semi automatic modes (Aperture Priority, and Shutter Priority) on your camera are great places to start.

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A transverse mode of electromagnetic radiation is a particular electromagnetic field pattern of radiation measured in a plane perpendicular (i.e., transverse) to the propagation direction of the beam. Transverse modes occur in radio waves and microwaves confined to a waveguide, and also in light waves in an optical fiber and in a laser's optical resonator.[1 ]
tranverse mod es occur because of boundary conditions imposed on the wave by the waveguide. For example, a radio wave in a hollow metal waveguide must have zero tangential electric field amplitude at the walls of the waveguide, so the transverse pattern of the electric field of waves is restricted to those that fit between the walls. For this reason, the modes supported by a waveguide are quantized. The allowed modes can be found by solving Maxwell's equations for the boundary conditions of a given waveguide.

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Shutter priority refers to a setting on some cameras that allows the user to choose a specific shutterspeed while the camera adjusts the aperture to ensure correct exposure.

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Auto mode tells your camera to use it's best judgement to select shutter speed, aperture, ISO, white balance, focus and flash to take the best shot that it can. With some cameras auto mode lets you override flash or change it to red eye reduction.

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In automatic mode the cameras will make all the decisions for you, including the aperture setting, the shutter speed, white balance and ISO. Nearly all digital cameras have an automatic exposure mode.

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emitting light as a result of being heated.

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Fluorescence photography, process that records the glow or visible light given off by certain substances when they are irradiated by ultraviolet rays.

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Direct, Diffused, and Reflected Light. ... Light from an on-camera flash can also be direct light. While direct light has many uses, photographers often prefer the softer look of diffused and reflected light. Figure 1.4.Light coming directly from a source to the subject will have dark shadows with a hard, defined edge.

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flash photography. noun. 1. photography in which a flashbulb or electronic flash is used to provide momentary illumination of a dark or insufficiently lit subject.

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An overcast sky is usually a dull and gray-looking sky when clouds are expected to cover all of the surrounding area. Many people just want to know if it's going to be a sunny or a cloudy day. But for people like photographers, film makers and even pilots, the degree of cloudiness can be a crucial bit of information.

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Definition of shade. 1 a :comparative darkness or obscurity owing to interception of the rays of light. b :relative obscurity or retirement. 2 a :shelter (as by foliage) from the heat and glare of sunlight. b :a place sheltered from the sun.

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Autofocus points are what the camera uses to focus on a subject. You'll probably first notice them when you press the shutter halfway. Many cameras will emit a "beep," and some of the AF points will light up (often in a red or green color) in the viewfinder or on the display screen

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place (one or more people or things) in the same category or group.

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An electronic viewfinder (EVF) is a camera viewfinder where the image captured by the lens is projected electronically onto a miniature display. The image on this display is used to assist in aiming the camera at the scene to be photographed.

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an instrument for measuring the intensity of light, used chiefly to show the correct exposure when taking a photograph.

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A point-and-shoot camera, also known as compact camera, is a still camera designed primarily for simple operation. Most use focus free lenses or autofocus for focusing, automatic systems for setting the exposure options, and have flash units built in. ... None have lens threads.

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In photography, shutter speed or exposure time is the length of time when the film or digital sensor inside the camera is exposed to light, also when a camera's shutter is open when taking a photograph. The amount of light that reaches the film or image sensor is proportional to the exposure time.

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This means the camera will keep taking a picture until your finger comes off the shutter button. Bulb mode is mostly used for long exposures at night. The main advantage is that it allows the photographer to achieve shutter speeds longer than the 30 seconds (displayed 30″ on the camera) that is allowed on most DSLR

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Motion blur is the apparent streaking of rapidly moving objects in a still image or a sequence of images such as a movie or animation. It results when the image being recorded changes during the recording of a single exposure, either due to rapid movement or long exposure.

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In photography, a tripod is used to stabilize and elevate a camera, a flash unit, or other photographic equipment. All photographic tripods have three legs and a mounting head to couple with a camera. ... Tripods are usually made from aluminum, carbon fiber, steel, wood or plastic.

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Light painting, or light drawing, is a photographic technique in which exposures are made by moving a hand-held light source while taking a long exposure photograph, either to illuminate a subject or to shine a point of light directly at the camera, or by moving the camera itself during exposure.

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The exposure triangle is a common way of associating the three variables that determine the exposure of a photograph: aperture, shutter speed, and ISO. One must balance all three of these to achieve a desired result, an adjustment of one requiring adjustments of at least one of the others.

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Exposure compensation is the control by which you temporarily adjust your camera's definition of what is "properly exposed". Put simpler, it's a way to force the camera to make your photos darker or brighter to the degree that you tell it.

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In burst mode, several photographs are captured in quick succession by either pressing the shutter button or holding it down. This is used mainly when the subject is in successive motion, such as sports photography.

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Time-lapse photography is a technique whereby the frequency at which film frames are captured (the frame rate) is much lower than that used to view the sequence. When played at normal speed, timeappears to be moving faster and thus lapsing.

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Post-processing may refer to: Image editing in photography. Audio editing software in audio. Differential GPS post-processing, an enhancement to GPS systems that improves accuracy. Video post-processing, methods used in video processing and 3D graphics.

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Long-exposure, time-exposure, or slow-shutter photography involves using a long-duration shutter speed to sharply capture the stationary elements of images while blurring, smearing, or obscuring the moving elements.

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Camera resolution is measured in megapixels (meaning millions of pixels); both image ﬁle resolution and monitor resolution are measured in either pixels per inch (ppi) or pixel dimensions (such as 1024 by 768 pixels); and printer resolution is measured in dots per inch (dpi) (see below).

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1. a wide-angle lens with a field of vision covering up to 180°, the scale being reduced toward the edges.

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Image stabilization is a family of techniques that reduce blurring associated with the motion of a camera or other imaging device during exposure.

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criticize (someone or something) severely.

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a range of gray shades from white to black, as used in a monochrome display or printout.

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a reddish-brown color associated particularly with monochrome photographs of the 19th and early 20th centuries.

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Tone in an artistic context refers to the light and dark values used to render a realistic object, or to create an abstract composition. When using pastel, an artis tmay often use a colored paper support, using areas of pigment to define lights and darks, while leaving the bare support to show through as the mid-tone.

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a bright or reflective area in a painting, picture, or design.

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A shadow is a dark area where light from a light source is blocked by an opaque object. It occupies all of the three-dimensional volume behind an object with light in front of it