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1 – News Article
2 – Images
1 – Video (YouTube)
1 – Padlet
1 – Website
1 – Infographic

Rate 3 posts, Comment on 4 posts

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A great video that walks you through the main organelles inside an eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell.

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Introduction to Cells: The Grand Cell Tour

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A view of the parts that make up the mitochondria - the energy creator in the cell.

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A student created poster on the Mighty Mitochondria and how it creates energy for the cell.

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Mitochondria Campaign Visual by Ellery and Simon

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Mitochondria are specialized structures unique to the cells of animals, plants and fungi. They serve as batteries, powering various function...

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This article explains how lysosomes are part of cell autophagy (a process in which a cell breaks down and processes waste).

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Nobel awarded for unveiling how cells recycle their trash

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Cell biologist Yoshinori Ohsumi has won the 2016 Nobel Prize for physiology or medicine for discovering how cells take care of housekeeping.

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Here is a video that walks you through cell organelles and their functions.

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Cell Organelles And Their Function Animation (BOTH 3D AND MICROSCOPIC VIEWS )

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This is a descriptive video that walks you threw eukaryotic and prokaryotic organelles.

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Cell Organelles And Their Function Animation (BOTH 3D AND MICROSCOPIC VIEWS )

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This is a news article about Eukaryotes

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© The Science Picture Company/Alamy Stock Photo

You can't survive without mitochondria, the organelles that power most human cells. Nor, researchers thought, can any other eukaryotes-the group of organisms we belong to along with other animals, plants, fungi, and various microscopic creatures. But a new study has identified the first eukaryote that has ditched its mitochondria, suggesting that our branch on the tree of life may be more versatile than researchers thought.

"This is a discovery of fundamental importance," says evolutionary biologist Eugene Koonin of the National Center for Biotechnology Information in Bethesda, Maryland, who wasn't connected to the study. "We now know that eukaryotes can live happily without any remnant of the mitochondria."

Mitochondria are the descendants of bacteria that settled down inside primordial eukaryotic cells, eventually becoming the power plants for their new hosts. Although mitochondria are a signature feature of eukaryotes, scientists have long wondered whether some of them might have gotten rid of the organelles. The diarrhea-causing microbe Giardia intestinalis for a time seemed mitochondria-free, but on closer investigation, it and other suspects proved to be false alarms, containing shrunken versions of the organelles.

For the new study, a team led by evolutionary biologist Anna Karnkowska, a postdoc, and her adviser, Vladimir Hampl, of Charles University in Prague, checked another candidate, a species in the genus Monocercomonoides. The single-celled organism came from the guts of a chinchilla that belonged to one of the lab members. The team decided to test it because it belonged to a group of microbes that scientists posited had lost their mitochondria.

When the researchers sequenced Monocercomonoides's genome, they found no signs of mitochondrial genes (the organelles carry their own DNA). Digging deeper, they determined that it lacks all of the key proteins that enable mitochondria to function. "The definition of eukaryotic cells is that they have mitochondria," says Karnkowska, who is now at the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, in Canada. "We overturn this definition."

Monocercomonoides may not need mitochondria because of where it lives-in the intestines of chinchilla hosts, which it doesn't appear to harm. Nutrients are abundant there, but oxygen, which mitochondria require to produce energy, is scarce. Instead of relying on mitochondria, the organism likely uses enzymes in its cytoplasm to break down food and furnish energy, the authors suggest. But energy production is not the only problem that Monocercomonoides solved. Mitochondria provide another cellular service: synthesizing clusters of iron and sulfur that are essential helpers for a variety of proteins. It turns out that Monocercomonoides has come up with a workaround by borrowing some bacterial genes that perform the same function, the scientists reveal online today in Current Biology.

"It's a very solid paper experimentally," says evolutionary genomicist B. Franz Lang of the University of Montreal in Canada. "If you'd like me to bet, I'd give them 90% probability that they are correct." To strengthen the case, he says, researchers need to perform a detailed microscopic analysis to confirm the absence of the organelles. Evolutionary biochemist Mark van der Giezen of the University of Exeter in the United Kingdom also wants to see further evidence that Monocercomonoides doesn't harbor rudimentary mitochondria. Nonetheless, he says, the study expands our view of eukaryotes' capabilities. "It shows that eukaryotic life is more flexible than what the textbooks say."

Monocercomonoides isn't a living fossil, a holdout from the days of the earliest eukaryotes, Karnkowska notes. Its closest relatives still have small mitochondria, suggesting that it jettisoned the organelles fairly recently in evolutionary terms. She and her colleagues speculate that more eukaryotes missing mitochondria await discovery. "This is one striking example, and I hope we can find others," she says.

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First eukaryotes found without a normal cellular power supply

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You can't survive without mitochondria, the organelles that power most human cells. Nor, researchers thought, can any other eukaryotes-the group of organisms we belong to along with other animals, plants, fungi, and various microscopic creatures. But a new study has identified the first eukaryote that has ditched its mitochondria, suggesting that our branch on the tree of life may be more versatile than researchers thought.

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this is a picture of the eukaryote cell.

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https://www.sciencenews.org/article/scientists-need-redraw-picture-cells-biggest-organelle

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To engage in adaptive symbioses or genetic exchange, organisms must interact with foreign, non-self elements despite the risks of predation and parasitism.

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Altmetric: 2

Citations: 10

More detail

Essay

Gregory W. Goldberg 1

Gregory W. Goldberg is a graduate research fellow pursuing a Ph.D. in molecular microbiology at The Rockefeller University, New York City, New York, USA. He completed an undergraduate thesis with a focus on retinal development in Drosophila sp. while studying at New York University, New York City, New York, USA, in the Center for Developmental Genetics. Previously, he was introduced to the field of immunology while interning in the Center for Autoimmune and Musculoskeletal Diseases at the Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA.

& Luciano A. Marraffini 1

Luciano A. Marraffini received his Ph.D. from the University of Chicago, Illinois, USA, where he studied bacterial pathogenesis. As a postdoctoral fellow, he pioneered the study of the molecular mechanisms underlying CRISPR immunity, discovering that DNA is the target of this immune system. He is an assistant professor and head of a laboratory at The Rockefeller University, New York City, New York, USA, since 2010; his laboratory continues to investigate fundamental questions about CRISPR immunity.

Published online:

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Resistance and tolerance to foreign elements by prokaryotic immune systems - curating the genome

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Altmetric: 2 Citations: 10 More detail Essay Gregory W. Goldberg 1 Gregory W. Goldberg is a graduate research fellow pursuing a Ph.D. in molecular microbiology at The Rockefeller University, New York City, New York, USA. He completed an undergraduate thesis with a focus on retinal development in Drosophila sp.

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You can’t survive without mitochondria, the organelles that power most human cells. Nor, researchers.

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this article talks about a new found species that has its own eukaryote lineage.

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To engage in adaptive symbioses or genetic exchange, organisms must interact with foreign, non-self elements despite the risks of predation and parasitism.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Altmetric: 2

Citations: 10

More detail

Essay

Gregory W. Goldberg 1

Gregory W. Goldberg is a graduate research fellow pursuing a Ph.D. in molecular microbiology at The Rockefeller University, New York City, New York, USA. He completed an undergraduate thesis with a focus on retinal development in Drosophila sp. while studying at New York University, New York City, New York, USA, in the Center for Developmental Genetics. Previously, he was introduced to the field of immunology while interning in the Center for Autoimmune and Musculoskeletal Diseases at the Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA.

& Luciano A. Marraffini 1

Luciano A. Marraffini received his Ph.D. from the University of Chicago, Illinois, USA, where he studied bacterial pathogenesis. As a postdoctoral fellow, he pioneered the study of the molecular mechanisms underlying CRISPR immunity, discovering that DNA is the target of this immune system. He is an assistant professor and head of a laboratory at The Rockefeller University, New York City, New York, USA, since 2010; his laboratory continues to investigate fundamental questions about CRISPR immunity.

Published online:

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Resistance and tolerance to foreign elements by prokaryotic immune systems - curating the genome

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Altmetric: 2 Citations: 10 More detail Essay Gregory W. Goldberg 1 Gregory W. Goldberg is a graduate research fellow pursuing a Ph.D. in molecular microbiology at The Rockefeller University, New York City, New York, USA. He completed an undergraduate thesis with a focus on retinal development in Drosophila sp.

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this is a picture of the eukaryote cell.

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http://www.cnn.com/2013/05/15/health/time-cloning-stem-cells/index.html

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http://www.sciencemag.org/news/2016/05/first-eukaryotes-found-without-normal-cellular-power-supply

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this is a picture of the organelles of the cell

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http://www.sciencemag.org/news/2016/05/first-eukaryotes-found-without-normal-cellular-power-supply

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This is a photo and news article on Eukaryotes

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© The Science Picture Company/Alamy Stock Photo

You can't survive without mitochondria, the organelles that power most human cells. Nor, researchers thought, can any other eukaryotes-the group of organisms we belong to along with other animals, plants, fungi, and various microscopic creatures. But a new study has identified the first eukaryote that has ditched its mitochondria, suggesting that our branch on the tree of life may be more versatile than researchers thought.

"This is a discovery of fundamental importance," says evolutionary biologist Eugene Koonin of the National Center for Biotechnology Information in Bethesda, Maryland, who wasn't connected to the study. "We now know that eukaryotes can live happily without any remnant of the mitochondria."

Mitochondria are the descendants of bacteria that settled down inside primordial eukaryotic cells, eventually becoming the power plants for their new hosts. Although mitochondria are a signature feature of eukaryotes, scientists have long wondered whether some of them might have gotten rid of the organelles. The diarrhea-causing microbe Giardia intestinalis for a time seemed mitochondria-free, but on closer investigation, it and other suspects proved to be false alarms, containing shrunken versions of the organelles.

For the new study, a team led by evolutionary biologist Anna Karnkowska, a postdoc, and her adviser, Vladimir Hampl, of Charles University in Prague, checked another candidate, a species in the genus Monocercomonoides. The single-celled organism came from the guts of a chinchilla that belonged to one of the lab members. The team decided to test it because it belonged to a group of microbes that scientists posited had lost their mitochondria.

When the researchers sequenced Monocercomonoides's genome, they found no signs of mitochondrial genes (the organelles carry their own DNA). Digging deeper, they determined that it lacks all of the key proteins that enable mitochondria to function. "The definition of eukaryotic cells is that they have mitochondria," says Karnkowska, who is now at the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, in Canada. "We overturn this definition."

Monocercomonoides may not need mitochondria because of where it lives-in the intestines of chinchilla hosts, which it doesn't appear to harm. Nutrients are abundant there, but oxygen, which mitochondria require to produce energy, is scarce. Instead of relying on mitochondria, the organism likely uses enzymes in its cytoplasm to break down food and furnish energy, the authors suggest. But energy production is not the only problem that Monocercomonoides solved. Mitochondria provide another cellular service: synthesizing clusters of iron and sulfur that are essential helpers for a variety of proteins. It turns out that Monocercomonoides has come up with a workaround by borrowing some bacterial genes that perform the same function, the scientists reveal online today in Current Biology.

"It's a very solid paper experimentally," says evolutionary genomicist B. Franz Lang of the University of Montreal in Canada. "If you'd like me to bet, I'd give them 90% probability that they are correct." To strengthen the case, he says, researchers need to perform a detailed microscopic analysis to confirm the absence of the organelles. Evolutionary biochemist Mark van der Giezen of the University of Exeter in the United Kingdom also wants to see further evidence that Monocercomonoides doesn't harbor rudimentary mitochondria. Nonetheless, he says, the study expands our view of eukaryotes' capabilities. "It shows that eukaryotic life is more flexible than what the textbooks say."

Monocercomonoides isn't a living fossil, a holdout from the days of the earliest eukaryotes, Karnkowska notes. Its closest relatives still have small mitochondria, suggesting that it jettisoned the organelles fairly recently in evolutionary terms. She and her colleagues speculate that more eukaryotes missing mitochondria await discovery. "This is one striking example, and I hope we can find others," she says.

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First eukaryotes found without a normal cellular power supply

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You can't survive without mitochondria, the organelles that power most human cells. Nor, researchers thought, can any other eukaryotes-the group of organisms we belong to along with other animals, plants, fungi, and various microscopic creatures. But a new study has identified the first eukaryote that has ditched its mitochondria, suggesting that our branch on the tree of life may be more versatile than researchers thought.

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Image- Eukaryotic Cell

This is an image of a labeled eukaryotic cell. It has a membrane-bound nucleus and many organelles.

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http://www.sciencemag.org/news/2016/05/first-eukaryotes-found-without-normal-cellular-power-supply

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This article describes In cell biology, an organelle is one of several structures with specialized functions, suspended in the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell.

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In cell biology, an organelle is one of several structures with specialized functions, suspended in the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell.

Eukaryotes are the most structurally complex known cell type, and by definition are in part organized by smaller interior compartments, that are themselves enclosed by lipid membranes that resemble the outermost cell membrane.

The larger organelles, such as the nucleus and vacuoles, are easily visible with moderate magnification (although sometimes a clear view requires the application of chemicals that selectively stain parts of the cells); they were among the first biological discoveries made after the invention of the microscope.

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cell biology; molecular biology; genetics; developmental biology; biology; biochemistry research

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In cell biology, an organelle is one of several structures with specialized functions, suspended in the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell. Eukaryotes are the most structurally complex known cell type, and by definition are in part organized by smaller interior compartments, that are themselves enclosed by lipid membranes that resemble the outermost cell membrane.

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This article describes what an organelle is and what kind of cells they are in.

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In cell biology, an organelle is one of several structures with specialized functions, suspended in the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell.

Eukaryotes are the most structurally complex known cell type, and by definition are in part organized by smaller interior compartments, that are themselves enclosed by lipid membranes that resemble the outermost cell membrane.

The larger organelles, such as the nucleus and vacuoles, are easily visible with moderate magnification (although sometimes a clear view requires the application of chemicals that selectively stain parts of the cells); they were among the first biological discoveries made after the invention of the microscope.

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cell biology; molecular biology; genetics; developmental biology; biology; biochemistry research

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
In cell biology, an organelle is one of several structures with specialized functions, suspended in the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell. Eukaryotes are the most structurally complex known cell type, and by definition are in part organized by smaller interior compartments, that are themselves enclosed by lipid membranes that resemble the outermost cell membrane.

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Cell label

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another picture of the organelles of the cell pt 2

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Another label of cell organelles

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Cell function video

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Cell Organelles And Their Function Animation (BOTH 3D AND MICROSCOPIC VIEWS )

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this is a video of cell organelles (litty)

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Cell Organelles - Part 1 | Animation Video | Iken Edu

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Here is a picture that shows where the organelles are located in the eukaryotic

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This news article will give you useful information about eukaryotic cells.

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© The Science Picture Company/Alamy Stock Photo

You can't survive without mitochondria, the organelles that power most human cells. Nor, researchers thought, can any other eukaryotes-the group of organisms we belong to along with other animals, plants, fungi, and various microscopic creatures. But a new study has identified the first eukaryote that has ditched its mitochondria, suggesting that our branch on the tree of life may be more versatile than researchers thought.

"This is a discovery of fundamental importance," says evolutionary biologist Eugene Koonin of the National Center for Biotechnology Information in Bethesda, Maryland, who wasn't connected to the study. "We now know that eukaryotes can live happily without any remnant of the mitochondria."

Mitochondria are the descendants of bacteria that settled down inside primordial eukaryotic cells, eventually becoming the power plants for their new hosts. Although mitochondria are a signature feature of eukaryotes, scientists have long wondered whether some of them might have gotten rid of the organelles. The diarrhea-causing microbe Giardia intestinalis for a time seemed mitochondria-free, but on closer investigation, it and other suspects proved to be false alarms, containing shrunken versions of the organelles.

For the new study, a team led by evolutionary biologist Anna Karnkowska, a postdoc, and her adviser, Vladimir Hampl, of Charles University in Prague, checked another candidate, a species in the genus Monocercomonoides. The single-celled organism came from the guts of a chinchilla that belonged to one of the lab members. The team decided to test it because it belonged to a group of microbes that scientists posited had lost their mitochondria.

When the researchers sequenced Monocercomonoides's genome, they found no signs of mitochondrial genes (the organelles carry their own DNA). Digging deeper, they determined that it lacks all of the key proteins that enable mitochondria to function. "The definition of eukaryotic cells is that they have mitochondria," says Karnkowska, who is now at the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, in Canada. "We overturn this definition."

Monocercomonoides may not need mitochondria because of where it lives-in the intestines of chinchilla hosts, which it doesn't appear to harm. Nutrients are abundant there, but oxygen, which mitochondria require to produce energy, is scarce. Instead of relying on mitochondria, the organism likely uses enzymes in its cytoplasm to break down food and furnish energy, the authors suggest. But energy production is not the only problem that Monocercomonoides solved. Mitochondria provide another cellular service: synthesizing clusters of iron and sulfur that are essential helpers for a variety of proteins. It turns out that Monocercomonoides has come up with a workaround by borrowing some bacterial genes that perform the same function, the scientists reveal online today in Current Biology.

"It's a very solid paper experimentally," says evolutionary genomicist B. Franz Lang of the University of Montreal in Canada. "If you'd like me to bet, I'd give them 90% probability that they are correct." To strengthen the case, he says, researchers need to perform a detailed microscopic analysis to confirm the absence of the organelles. Evolutionary biochemist Mark van der Giezen of the University of Exeter in the United Kingdom also wants to see further evidence that Monocercomonoides doesn't harbor rudimentary mitochondria. Nonetheless, he says, the study expands our view of eukaryotes' capabilities. "It shows that eukaryotic life is more flexible than what the textbooks say."

Monocercomonoides isn't a living fossil, a holdout from the days of the earliest eukaryotes, Karnkowska notes. Its closest relatives still have small mitochondria, suggesting that it jettisoned the organelles fairly recently in evolutionary terms. She and her colleagues speculate that more eukaryotes missing mitochondria await discovery. "This is one striking example, and I hope we can find others," she says.

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First eukaryotes found without a normal cellular power supply

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You can't survive without mitochondria, the organelles that power most human cells. Nor, researchers thought, can any other eukaryotes-the group of organisms we belong to along with other animals, plants, fungi, and various microscopic creatures. But a new study has identified the first eukaryote that has ditched its mitochondria, suggesting that our branch on the tree of life may be more versatile than researchers thought.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
© The Science Picture Company/Alamy Stock Photo

You can't survive without mitochondria, the organelles that power most human cells. Nor, researchers thought, can any other eukaryotes-the group of organisms we belong to along with other animals, plants, fungi, and various microscopic creatures. But a new study has identified the first eukaryote that has ditched its mitochondria, suggesting that our branch on the tree of life may be more versatile than researchers thought.

"This is a discovery of fundamental importance," says evolutionary biologist Eugene Koonin of the National Center for Biotechnology Information in Bethesda, Maryland, who wasn't connected to the study. "We now know that eukaryotes can live happily without any remnant of the mitochondria."

Mitochondria are the descendants of bacteria that settled down inside primordial eukaryotic cells, eventually becoming the power plants for their new hosts. Although mitochondria are a signature feature of eukaryotes, scientists have long wondered whether some of them might have gotten rid of the organelles. The diarrhea-causing microbe Giardia intestinalis for a time seemed mitochondria-free, but on closer investigation, it and other suspects proved to be false alarms, containing shrunken versions of the organelles.

For the new study, a team led by evolutionary biologist Anna Karnkowska, a postdoc, and her adviser, Vladimir Hampl, of Charles University in Prague, checked another candidate, a species in the genus Monocercomonoides. The single-celled organism came from the guts of a chinchilla that belonged to one of the lab members. The team decided to test it because it belonged to a group of microbes that scientists posited had lost their mitochondria.

When the researchers sequenced Monocercomonoides's genome, they found no signs of mitochondrial genes (the organelles carry their own DNA). Digging deeper, they determined that it lacks all of the key proteins that enable mitochondria to function. "The definition of eukaryotic cells is that they have mitochondria," says Karnkowska, who is now at the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, in Canada. "We overturn this definition."

Monocercomonoides may not need mitochondria because of where it lives-in the intestines of chinchilla hosts, which it doesn't appear to harm. Nutrients are abundant there, but oxygen, which mitochondria require to produce energy, is scarce. Instead of relying on mitochondria, the organism likely uses enzymes in its cytoplasm to break down food and furnish energy, the authors suggest. But energy production is not the only problem that Monocercomonoides solved. Mitochondria provide another cellular service: synthesizing clusters of iron and sulfur that are essential helpers for a variety of proteins. It turns out that Monocercomonoides has come up with a workaround by borrowing some bacterial genes that perform the same function, the scientists reveal online today in Current Biology.

"It's a very solid paper experimentally," says evolutionary genomicist B. Franz Lang of the University of Montreal in Canada. "If you'd like me to bet, I'd give them 90% probability that they are correct." To strengthen the case, he says, researchers need to perform a detailed microscopic analysis to confirm the absence of the organelles. Evolutionary biochemist Mark van der Giezen of the University of Exeter in the United Kingdom also wants to see further evidence that Monocercomonoides doesn't harbor rudimentary mitochondria. Nonetheless, he says, the study expands our view of eukaryotes' capabilities. "It shows that eukaryotic life is more flexible than what the textbooks say."

Monocercomonoides isn't a living fossil, a holdout from the days of the earliest eukaryotes, Karnkowska notes. Its closest relatives still have small mitochondria, suggesting that it jettisoned the organelles fairly recently in evolutionary terms. She and her colleagues speculate that more eukaryotes missing mitochondria await discovery. "This is one striking example, and I hope we can find others," she says.

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First eukaryotes found without a normal cellular power supply

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You can't survive without mitochondria, the organelles that power most human cells. Nor, researchers thought, can any other eukaryotes-the group of organisms we belong to along with other animals, plants, fungi, and various microscopic creatures. But a new study has identified the first eukaryote that has ditched its mitochondria, suggesting that our branch on the tree of life may be more versatile than researchers thought.

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This is an diagram of the organelles of the Eukaryotic cell.

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Here are a few photos on cell organelles.

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This is an image of the similarities and differences between eukaryotes and prokaryotes.

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this is another image of an Eukaryote cell

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another image of eukaryote cell.

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This is a picture of a Eukaryote cell

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Here are a few photos on cell organelles.

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https://www.khanacademy.org/.../cells/eukaryotic-cells/.../charact..

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here are the organelles for the prokaryotic cell.

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This a picture of a prokaryotic cell.

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Eukaryotes have a compartmentalised cell structure

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this video teaches you about the eukaryote cell

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this is a website that tells you all about organelles

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Learn About Organelles and How They Perform Valuable Functions for Cellular Operation

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Organelles are tiny cellular organs that are specialized to perform functions necessary for normal cellular operation.

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this is an article about function of the cell.

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© The Science Picture Company/Alamy Stock Photo

You can't survive without mitochondria, the organelles that power most human cells. Nor, researchers thought, can any other eukaryotes-the group of organisms we belong to along with other animals, plants, fungi, and various microscopic creatures. But a new study has identified the first eukaryote that has ditched its mitochondria, suggesting that our branch on the tree of life may be more versatile than researchers thought.

"This is a discovery of fundamental importance," says evolutionary biologist Eugene Koonin of the National Center for Biotechnology Information in Bethesda, Maryland, who wasn't connected to the study. "We now know that eukaryotes can live happily without any remnant of the mitochondria."

Mitochondria are the descendants of bacteria that settled down inside primordial eukaryotic cells, eventually becoming the power plants for their new hosts. Although mitochondria are a signature feature of eukaryotes, scientists have long wondered whether some of them might have gotten rid of the organelles. The diarrhea-causing microbe Giardia intestinalis for a time seemed mitochondria-free, but on closer investigation, it and other suspects proved to be false alarms, containing shrunken versions of the organelles.

For the new study, a team led by evolutionary biologist Anna Karnkowska, a postdoc, and her adviser, Vladimir Hampl, of Charles University in Prague, checked another candidate, a species in the genus Monocercomonoides. The single-celled organism came from the guts of a chinchilla that belonged to one of the lab members. The team decided to test it because it belonged to a group of microbes that scientists posited had lost their mitochondria.

When the researchers sequenced Monocercomonoides's genome, they found no signs of mitochondrial genes (the organelles carry their own DNA). Digging deeper, they determined that it lacks all of the key proteins that enable mitochondria to function. "The definition of eukaryotic cells is that they have mitochondria," says Karnkowska, who is now at the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, in Canada. "We overturn this definition."

Monocercomonoides may not need mitochondria because of where it lives-in the intestines of chinchilla hosts, which it doesn't appear to harm. Nutrients are abundant there, but oxygen, which mitochondria require to produce energy, is scarce. Instead of relying on mitochondria, the organism likely uses enzymes in its cytoplasm to break down food and furnish energy, the authors suggest. But energy production is not the only problem that Monocercomonoides solved. Mitochondria provide another cellular service: synthesizing clusters of iron and sulfur that are essential helpers for a variety of proteins. It turns out that Monocercomonoides has come up with a workaround by borrowing some bacterial genes that perform the same function, the scientists reveal online today in Current Biology.

"It's a very solid paper experimentally," says evolutionary genomicist B. Franz Lang of the University of Montreal in Canada. "If you'd like me to bet, I'd give them 90% probability that they are correct." To strengthen the case, he says, researchers need to perform a detailed microscopic analysis to confirm the absence of the organelles. Evolutionary biochemist Mark van der Giezen of the University of Exeter in the United Kingdom also wants to see further evidence that Monocercomonoides doesn't harbor rudimentary mitochondria. Nonetheless, he says, the study expands our view of eukaryotes' capabilities. "It shows that eukaryotic life is more flexible than what the textbooks say."

Monocercomonoides isn't a living fossil, a holdout from the days of the earliest eukaryotes, Karnkowska notes. Its closest relatives still have small mitochondria, suggesting that it jettisoned the organelles fairly recently in evolutionary terms. She and her colleagues speculate that more eukaryotes missing mitochondria await discovery. "This is one striking example, and I hope we can find others," she says.

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First eukaryotes found without a normal cellular power supply

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
You can't survive without mitochondria, the organelles that power most human cells. Nor, researchers thought, can any other eukaryotes-the group of organisms we belong to along with other animals, plants, fungi, and various microscopic creatures. But a new study has identified the first eukaryote that has ditched its mitochondria, suggesting that our branch on the tree of life may be more versatile than researchers thought.

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The cell is the most basic or fundamental unit of life, the smallest thing we can observe that still retains the characteristics of life discussed in our first unit. In this unit we will explore the...

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This is an article about the function of the cell.

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© The Science Picture Company/Alamy Stock Photo

You can't survive without mitochondria, the organelles that power most human cells. Nor, researchers thought, can any other eukaryotes-the group of organisms we belong to along with other animals, plants, fungi, and various microscopic creatures. But a new study has identified the first eukaryote that has ditched its mitochondria, suggesting that our branch on the tree of life may be more versatile than researchers thought.

"This is a discovery of fundamental importance," says evolutionary biologist Eugene Koonin of the National Center for Biotechnology Information in Bethesda, Maryland, who wasn't connected to the study. "We now know that eukaryotes can live happily without any remnant of the mitochondria."

Mitochondria are the descendants of bacteria that settled down inside primordial eukaryotic cells, eventually becoming the power plants for their new hosts. Although mitochondria are a signature feature of eukaryotes, scientists have long wondered whether some of them might have gotten rid of the organelles. The diarrhea-causing microbe Giardia intestinalis for a time seemed mitochondria-free, but on closer investigation, it and other suspects proved to be false alarms, containing shrunken versions of the organelles.

For the new study, a team led by evolutionary biologist Anna Karnkowska, a postdoc, and her adviser, Vladimir Hampl, of Charles University in Prague, checked another candidate, a species in the genus Monocercomonoides. The single-celled organism came from the guts of a chinchilla that belonged to one of the lab members. The team decided to test it because it belonged to a group of microbes that scientists posited had lost their mitochondria.

When the researchers sequenced Monocercomonoides's genome, they found no signs of mitochondrial genes (the organelles carry their own DNA). Digging deeper, they determined that it lacks all of the key proteins that enable mitochondria to function. "The definition of eukaryotic cells is that they have mitochondria," says Karnkowska, who is now at the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, in Canada. "We overturn this definition."

Monocercomonoides may not need mitochondria because of where it lives-in the intestines of chinchilla hosts, which it doesn't appear to harm. Nutrients are abundant there, but oxygen, which mitochondria require to produce energy, is scarce. Instead of relying on mitochondria, the organism likely uses enzymes in its cytoplasm to break down food and furnish energy, the authors suggest. But energy production is not the only problem that Monocercomonoides solved. Mitochondria provide another cellular service: synthesizing clusters of iron and sulfur that are essential helpers for a variety of proteins. It turns out that Monocercomonoides has come up with a workaround by borrowing some bacterial genes that perform the same function, the scientists reveal online today in Current Biology.

"It's a very solid paper experimentally," says evolutionary genomicist B. Franz Lang of the University of Montreal in Canada. "If you'd like me to bet, I'd give them 90% probability that they are correct." To strengthen the case, he says, researchers need to perform a detailed microscopic analysis to confirm the absence of the organelles. Evolutionary biochemist Mark van der Giezen of the University of Exeter in the United Kingdom also wants to see further evidence that Monocercomonoides doesn't harbor rudimentary mitochondria. Nonetheless, he says, the study expands our view of eukaryotes' capabilities. "It shows that eukaryotic life is more flexible than what the textbooks say."

Monocercomonoides isn't a living fossil, a holdout from the days of the earliest eukaryotes, Karnkowska notes. Its closest relatives still have small mitochondria, suggesting that it jettisoned the organelles fairly recently in evolutionary terms. She and her colleagues speculate that more eukaryotes missing mitochondria await discovery. "This is one striking example, and I hope we can find others," she says.

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First eukaryotes found without a normal cellular power supply

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You can't survive without mitochondria, the organelles that power most human cells. Nor, researchers thought, can any other eukaryotes-the group of organisms we belong to along with other animals, plants, fungi, and various microscopic creatures. But a new study has identified the first eukaryote that has ditched its mitochondria, suggesting that our branch on the tree of life may be more versatile than researchers thought.

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Learning the basics about organelles.

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Learn About Organelles and How They Perform Valuable Functions for Cellular Operation

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Organelles are tiny cellular organs that are specialized to perform functions necessary for normal cellular operation.

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this is a padlet on organelles lol

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this is a picture of a eaukaryotic cell.

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this is a website that explains organelles litt

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All living organisms on Earth are divided into cells. The main concept of cell theory is that cells are the basic structural unit for all organisms. Cells are small compartments that hold the biological equipment necessary to keep an organism alive and successful. Living things may be single-celled or they may be very complex such as a human being.

There are smaller pieces that make up cells such as macromolecules and organelles. A protein is an example of a macromolecule while a mitochondrion is an example of an organelle. Cells can also connect to form larger structures. They might group together to form the tissues of the stomach and eventually the entire digestive system. However, in the same way that atoms are the basic unit when you study matter, cells are the basic unit for biology and organisms.

In larger organisms, the main purpose of a cell is to organize. Cells hold a variety of pieces and each cell type has a different purpose. By dividing responsibilities among different groups of cells, it is easier for an organism to survive and grow.

If you were only made of one cell, you would be very limited. You don't find single cells that are as large as a cow. Cells have problems functioning when they get too big. Also, if you were only one cell you couldn't have a nervous system, no muscles for movement, and using the internet would be out of the question. The trillions of cells in your body make your way of life possible.

There are many types of cells. In biology class, you will usually work with plant-like cells and animal-like cells. We say "animal-like" because an animal type of cell could be anything from a tiny microorganism to a nerve cell in your brain. Biology classes often take out a microscope and look at single-celled microbes from pond water. You might see hydra, amoebas, or euglena.

Plant cells are easier to identify because they have a protective structure called a cell wall made of cellulose. Plants have the wall; animals do not. Plants also have organelles such as the green chloroplast or large, water-filled vacuoles. Chloroplasts are the key structure in the process of photosynthesis.

Cells are unique to each type of organism. If you look at very simple organisms, you will discover cells that have no defined nucleus ( prokaryotes) and other cells that have hundreds of nuclei ( multinucleated).

Humans have hundreds of different cell types. You have red blood cells that are used to carry oxygen (O ₂) through the body and other cells specific to your heart muscle. Even though cells can be very different, they are basically compartments surrounded by some type of membrane.

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Biology4Kids.com! This tutorial introduces cell structure. Other sections include plants, animal systems, invertebrates, vertebrates, and microorganisms.

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Eukaryotic cell.

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EBD44m2uTDY

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this shows what each organelle does

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really good article;)

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video about the characteristics of the eukaryote cell.

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Characteristics of eukaryotic cells (video) | Khan Academy

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Learn for free about math, art, computer programming, economics, physics, chemistry, biology, medicine, finance, history, and more. Khan Academy is a nonprofit with the mission of providing a free, world-class education for anyone, anywhere.

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Learn About Organelles and How They Perform Valuable Functions for Cellular Operation

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Organelles are tiny cellular organs that are specialized to perform functions necessary for normal cellular operation.

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Characteristics of eukaryotic cells (video) | Khan Academy

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Learn for free about math, art, computer programming, economics, physics, chemistry, biology, medicine, finance, history, and more. Khan Academy is a nonprofit with the mission of providing a free, world-class education for anyone, anywhere.

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here is a organelle infograohic

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This is a picture of the prokaryotic cell.

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This is an image of a Eukaryote cell

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QI0XPf-ATF8

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It shows you everything about cell organelles

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https://www.britannica.com/science/eukaryote

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video on the characteristics of the eukaryotic cells

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Characteristics of eukaryotic cells (video) | Khan Academy

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Learn for free about math, art, computer programming, economics, physics, chemistry, biology, medicine, finance, history, and more. Khan Academy is a nonprofit with the mission of providing a free, world-class education for anyone, anywhere.

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this is about what these cells are about.

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the city ninja are watching

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Structure and function of organelles in exocrine gland cells (pancreas) and palisade mesophyll cells (leaf)

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here are some other peoples padlet

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This is a video on Eukaryotes