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Ratliff, Ben. "Purple, Green, Turquoise: Endless Inventory." Every Song Ever: Twenty ways to listen in an age of music plenty. Picador, 2017. p. 151.

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"Close-harmony singing can be exhausting to the ear, because it puts little value in space or alternation or opposing rhythmic qualities." Pg. 151

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"Close-harmony singing can be exhausting to the ear, because it puts little value in space or alternation or opposing rhythmic qualities." Pg. 151

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This is what I really like about it, actually. When it is just a streamlined, doubled upon wave of sound that doesn't break off.

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Closeness is probably my favorite element out of all the ones Ratliff has talked about, because I see this elements most often in musicals. Musicals like Wicked, Les Mis, and The Great Comet of 1812 where there is a large group of people singing the same song. It always gives me chills. They may not have the inseparable closeness that Ratliff mentions, but it gives a great idea of how no voice can be separated from the group. It is one conglomerate of voices singing in unison.

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Do You Hear the People Sing? - Les Miserables

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Do You Hear the People Sing? - Les Miserables

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Musicals are a good example of when many people sing the same tune in harmony. They are united, both in singing and in the message of the song.

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Do You Hear the People Sing? (+ reprise) Lyrics

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Down To The River To Pray - Alison Kraus

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Down To The River To Pray - Alison Kraus

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The chorus in the background are all united. The listener is unable to identify one voice from another, and that is the point- the unity adds to the meaning, and also gave me goosebumps as I heard the voices build upon one another.

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Down To The River To Pray - Alison Krauss

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Closeness is when two instruments or voices overlap each other so tightly you wonder what reason the composer had to make it sound as one. When two voices sing together perfectly on pitch, it's impossible to distinguish between the two. So why do it at all? Ratliff mentioned "Certain pairings of singers are essentially two instruments pulling together to create one resonance. That can be where you join them as a listener." pg. 151. The voices resonate so well that it creates an experience for the listener. Its not about the diversity of rhythm or tone, its a synchronized wave of harmonic singing.

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I keep hoping that every time his shoe taps, it's a little more on beat than it was previously. It's maddening, yet gives a clear example of the closeness Ratliff is talking about. Because the tap is offbeat, you are reminded not to take this song lightly. The tap was a specific choice that tells its listener it chooses to be close, but not exact.