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Chameleons are reptiles in the order Squamata. Most Chameleons lay eggs but some do give birth to live young. They have eyes that can move independently of one another giving them a 360 degree view of their surroundings. They also have very long tongues that strike quickly to catch prey. Chameleons have the ability to change the color of their skin. Although it appears that Chameleons only have two toes, they actually have five. On the front feet, their two outside toes form one group and the three inside toes form another. This is the opposite on the hind feet.

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The theory that Chameleons change their color to blend in with their surroundings is actually a myth. They change their colors to communicate with other Chameleons. They also change colors based on their temperature, if they are cold, they might change to a darker color to absorb more light and if they are hot they might turn pale to reflect the light, and they can't change to any color they want. Each species has a group of patterns and colors that it can change to. Chameleons have four layers of skin which includes: the epidermis, the chromatophore layer, which has yellow and red pigments, the melanophore layer, which has melanin and can make brown and black colors and can also reflect blue, and the nether layer, which only reflects white.

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Not all species have this, but many Chameleons possess what is known as a prehensile tail. It allows them to wrap around trees and branches and maintain balance. As many people know, if a lizard's tail has fallen or broken off it will eventually grow back. Chameleons are a little bit different. If their tail has broken off it will not grow back like lizard's.

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Chameleons are known as old world lizards because the majority of them live in Africa, Asia, and Europe. There are over 150 species of Chameleons with two of the largest being the Parson's Chameleon and the Meller's Chameleon. The smallest is the Brookesia or the nano-chameleon which grows to only about half an inch in length. Fun fact, Madagascar houses over 50% of the world's Chameleons. Some species of Chameleons are native to areas such as Sri Lanka, India, and Pakistan, and few even live in areas like Portugal and Spain.

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It is very easy to tell the difference between a male and a female Chameleon. Males usually have horns, spike or crests around their heads, while the females do not. Males also tend to show off their bright colors more often than the females, usually for mating purposes. Males are also usually larger than females. Most pet Chameleons are males because they have more patterns and colors on their bodies.

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The Meller's Chameleon is the largest chameleon not native to Madagascar. It can grow to lengths of 2 to 2 1/2 feet. These chameleons are native to certain areas in Malawi, Mozambique, and Tanzania. These chameleons enjoy eating insects, small lizards, spiders, worms, and caterpillars. They are solo hunters, and they are also diurnal, which means they are most active during the day. Their lifespan is usually about 12 years in the wild.

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The Parson's Chameleon is a large species of chameleon native to the wetter regions of Madagascar. It can grow up to 60 cm in length and weigh up to 700 grams. Females climb down from the tree tops to lay their eggs in the ground. They usually have about 20-60 eggs in one clutch. The average lifespan of a Parson's Chameleon is about 8 years.

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Not much is known about the Brookesia, as only two of its kind have been found, one male and one female. Found in Madagascar, it is possibly the smallest chameleon in the world, being only about 1/2 an inch long. These chameleons come down to the ground during the day eating mites other extremely small invertebrates. Later in the evening, they climb up blades of grass to stay safe. One interesting thing about this species is that the female was larger than the male, which is unusual because in most species of chameleons the male is larger than the female.

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These chameleons are the most popular to keep as pets due to their bright colors and interesting patterns. These chameleons are native to Madagascar and are the most common. Although these are the most popular to keep as pets, their are some downsides. Many of these chameleons get stressed easily and die during shipping. They also have a very short natural lifespan and it is even shorter in captivity. The males are usually stronger and hardier than the females which makes them more expensive.

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These chameleons are one of the most colorful chameleons and are found in areas of Yemen and Saudi Arabia. These Chameleons usually live about 5 years. They have a large hump on the top of their heads which helps to divert dripping water to their mouths. The average size for males is about 18-24 inches and for females about 12-18 inches. These chameleons are hard to care for which causes large populations of abandoned chameleons. This is so common that invasive populations have started to show up in Hawaii and Florida.