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The capital of Germany, Berlin, was technically located in Eastern Germany. However, the allies split Berlin like Germany, so now there was a democratic sector in the Soviets' eastern block (naturally, this caused significant tension). In 1948, Stalin blocked all transport (canal, train, etc.) to prevent the allies from getting to West Berlin and stifled the flow of any goods into the city. In response, the Allies decided to fly the supplies into West Berlin. It was a huge success but set the precedent for what was to come. This was the first major crisis of the Cold War, furthering dividing the continent and the world-- with Berlin at the heart of it.

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At the heart of the Cold War is the ideological difference between the US and the Soviet Union. Post WWII, the US and USSR were the most powerful surviving countries and willing to aid the many destroyed countries-- but under their ideology. This is what initially creates the divide in so many countries around the world.

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The US involvement in Vietnam began in the mid 1950s after France left. The US backed the "Democratic" Diem regime of South Vietnam against the Communist Ho Chi Minh regime. Vietnam is another proxy war fought simply for ideology. This was just another example of the divide in Asia, and individual country division.

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Containment was a foreign policy adopted by the United States with the intent of "containing" Stalin's influence and the spread of Communism. Containment drove the proxy wars of Vietnam, Korea, etc. because many feared that should Korea or any other country fall to Communism, then their neighbors would too and soon enough it would spread like wild fire.

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Post-WWII, China was engaged in a Civil War between the Communists, led by Mao Zedong; against the Nationalists, led by Jiang. Truman eventually cut off aid to the Nationalists, which allowed Mao to take over. The fall of China to Communism was extremely concerning in the west, and preventing more countries from falling became a top priority for many years to come (domino effect).

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The Korean War was a proxy war, technically being fought for and by Koreans, but backed by both of the global superpowers. Korea was another country devastated by Japan during WWII, and afterwards was split on the 38th parallel with Communism established in the North and Democracy established in the South. The North invaded the South in the name of reunification, which ensued a three-year conflict between the North (USSR/China backed) and the South (US). In the end, a DMZ was established on the 38th parallel and Korea is still split today.

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Post-WWII, Germany did not have a government, so the winners of the war (GB, US, France, and USSR) decided to split Germany. West Germany was a combination of the democratic nations (US, GB, France) and East Germany was Soviet. However, Berlin, the capital, was in the Eastern half so the west decided to split Berlin into into west and east like Germany. This was the beginning of the split in Europe, and would remain this way for over 45 years.

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Due to the Marshall Plan, Western Berlin was flourishing while East Berlin was still very much struggling from the effects of their post-war world. Travel had been unrestricted between the two sects, so millions of East Berliners defected to the west for a better life. This greatly impacted the Eastern economy and did not help to promote Soviet Communism. So, in 1961 a barbed wire was put up in between East and West Berlin. This gradually developed into the large wall and guard system as it was commonly known. This physical barrier separated the city for almost 30 years-- and many would go on to risk their lives at crossing in an attempt to have a better life. The wall was a tangible example of the ideological divide that had been happening for 20 years.

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In response to NATO, Stalin created the Warsaw Pact, which created an equivalent military alliance for Eastern Europe. It also tightened the Soviet Union's control over their Eastern Block territories. The creation of such alliances further alienated the west from the east.

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NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) is an allied organization between western countries. NATO was initially created in 1949 in an effort to provide collective security against the Soviet Union/ Communism (collective defense). However, Stalin wasn't such a fan...

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The Marshal Plan was a multi-billion dollar effort by the US to help rebuild war-torn Europe with the intent of making democracy and capitalism more appealing than Communism. Naturally, Stalin declined aid for the Soviets or any of the Eastern block, so the difference in economic prosperity exasperated the split in Europe.

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The Truman Doctrine was a policy adopted by the US that would give aid to countries who were threatened by Communism. This is a clear example of the US trying to influence countries with money into resisting the Soviet Union.

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Describe the context of the split in Europe and Asia after WWII and the start of the Cold War? 

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Describe the context of the split in Europe and Asia after WWII and the start of the Cold War? 