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Official language of Trinidad and Tobago

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Official language of Trinidad and Tobago

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English is the official language of Trinidad and Tobago. The language is used in government administration, in official documentation, as a form of instruction in educational institutions and the country's media.

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This language is spoken throughout the island of Trinidad. The Creole language is popular in the island and it’s widely used in everyday communication. Trinidad's English Creole vocabulary is mainly derived from the English language. The idiom is also influenced by several African, Spanish, French, French, Hindustan and Chinese languages.

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Tobagonian Creole is a french patois spoken by a descendant of the speakers of French Creoles migrating from the French West Indies. The language is closer to the Antillean Creoles. Although this Creole has already been the most widespread language in the island, it is rarely used nowadays.

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Trinidad's Hindustani is the fourth most spoken language in the country. The language, also known as Trinidad and Tobago's Bhojpuri, is a variant of the Caribbean Hindustani, a language of the Indo-Aryan language family. Since 2006, the Trinidad Hindustani is spoken by about 15,600 people, mainly from Indian origin, the Indo-Trinitarians. The government makes constant efforts to protect and promote the use of the language. Musical forms, like Chutney and Pichakaree, that are sung by mixing Hindustani and English from Trinidad and Tobago.

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Yao, an extinct Caribbean language, was spoken by the Yao people in French Guiana and in Trinidad. Another Caribbean language, Kari'nja or Carib, was spoken by the Kalina’s people who inhabited Trinidad and Tobago and some countries in South America. The idiom is currently known as a highly threatened language. Another indigenous language of Trinidad is Shebaya, an Arawakan language.

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Pidginization is marked by the relexification of some keywords in the target language that are also refonologized with the system substrate phonological of the mother tongue. "Creole" developed from pidgin, an auxiliary language that arises from the close contact of different languages, usually of people with asymmetry in the political and economic condition, one exercising superiority over the other. When the pidgin spoken by one generation begins to be handed down on to subsequent generations, its status changes and he is then recognized as a Creole. Becoming more developed lexically and grammatically, Creole can become the native language of a speaking community. This is the case of Trinidad and Tobago.

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Relating the Encyclopedia of Languages of Brazil to this research,  it’s possible to notice that Trinidad and Tobago could easily create its own language encyclopedia. What would be very fruitful for government investments and efforts to promote the use of some of the idioms, where the focus of these national language policies are to keep linguistic diversity alive in the country.

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Arabic and Chinese are spoken in transplanted Syrian-Lebanese and Chinese communities, who maintain their languages and traditions as part of their social identity.

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To highlight the linguistic reality of the country, it is necessary to point out the multiple

ethno cultural influence of immigrants. The country is made up of 1.3 million inhabitants, being African-American 41%, Indian 41%, Euro-Africans 16%, Europeans 1% (southern and English) and others 1%. Transparency of the fact within entertainment, on the country's open television, there is a channel with programs in Arabic and Hindi, in addition to the conventional ones in English and Spanish.

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Spanish has been rising to the category of second language in this country, alongside with English, Spanish started to appear in the official state documentation, also in the signs and name indications on the streets of the capital. The idiom has begun to be included in the compulsory curriculum of primary and secondary schools since 2003, and by decree, started to have its education ensured throughout the country from 2010. Now, together with English, the two languages are mandatorily taught in schools in the Republic.

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Linking linguistic prejudice in Trinidad and Tobago and the Aborigine text, Indian, indigenous or first nations? (Peters & Mika, 2017), it is possible to affirm that indigenous people in the country prefer to be called like that, even that within the community there are usually different lines of thought. Beyond that, during the research it is possible to notice the affection of the population for the afro descendants, consequently the valorization of their cultures and languages, since they were the first people there, which gave rise to ethnic diversity to the country.

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Even though English is the official language, the main languages spoken in Trinidad and Tobago are English-based Creole languages, Trinity Creole spoken mainly in Trinidad and Tobago's Creole which is the main language spoken in Tobago. Both languages have African elements; with influences of French, French Creole and Hindi. These Creole languages are commonly spoken only in informal situations, and do not have a system of standardized writing.

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DISTINCTION BETWEEN CRIOULO AND TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO

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DISTINCTION BETWEEN CRIOULO AND TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO

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English-based Creole on the island of Trinidad differs from that spoken in Tobago and Jamaica, due to the multiple ethno-cultural influence of immigrants. Creole Trinitarian is also the result of the contact between the English language and African languages, mainly those spoken in West Africa (where the slaves came from) as tui and yoruba, but also spanish, french and hindi.