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As described by Parkay and Hass (2000)
Base 3: The Nature of Learning Knowledge about how human beings learn increased during the twentieth century.  The individual differences such as "Learning Styles" among learners led to the development of several theories of learning.  Presently, curriculum planners use the following theories as a guide when planning.
The theories include:
1. Behaviorist Theory
2. Constructivist Theory
3. Cognitivist Theory

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Two Goals of the Nature of Learning are: Diagnostic Learning and Predictive Learning.

1. As it relates to The Nature of Learning, one goal is for diagnostic learning to take place.  This occurs when children  learn why a something is happening.  Children are naturally inquisitive and they do not fear of failure at this stage.  They would do all sorts of analysis to understand the cause or nature of a condition or situation, by which they get diagnostic learning.

2. As children grow older, they develop the intelligence to relate the things happening around them by comparing the conditions and predicting an outcome.  They observe and then justify their prediction and refine it through predictive learning.

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Sorry we can’t find that page on the Save the Children website. Please use our navigation or search bar to find what you are looking for.

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1. Activity for Diagnostic Learning: Seed Germination Experiment

Set Induction: In one hand, show students a live plant, and in the other hand, show students a few seeds.

Introduction: Ask students to think about where plants come from and what plants need to grow.  Tell students that today they will be learning how seeds grow and develop into plants with the help of soil, water and sunshine.

Explicit Instruction: Inform students that all plants start off as a seed and that all seeds have life in them, and they need soil, water and sunshine to form a plant.  Play a video on seed germination for students to watch.  Inform your students that today they will start their own experiment, and in about 7 days they should have their own plants.

Give each student a red bean seed, a plastic cup containing soil and a cup of water.  From the front of the classroom, demonstrate how to pour the soil from the bag into the cup.  Instruct the students to place their seeds in the cup and pour the water into it.  Next they must place their cups outside where they can get direct sunlight.  Inform the students that each morning they will water their seeds until they see growth.  Label the students' seeds so they can take them home at the end of the class project.

Evaluation: Have students write a short essay about where plants come from where they describe the process of seed formation.

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2. Activity for Predictive Learning:
Reading Comprehension Questions

Set Induction: Read the story "A Beneficiary" by Nadine Gordimer for students.

Introduction: Asking if they have ever had the experience of reading something but not remembering what they just read.  Discuss and allow students to share their experiences.

Explicit Instruction: Give each student a blank piece of paper and direct students to note what happened in chronological order.

Students must work in groups of 5 or 6 and create a poster for each part of the story.  Direct students to label their chart paper with the appropriate sections (before, during, after), then fill in strategies using text, bullet points, graphics.

Evaluation: Have students complete a reading assignment.  Ask them to be aware of comprehension strategies they use and write a paragraph on what occurred in the story.

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1. Link for video mentioned in activity #1

Seed Germination | #aumsum #kids #science #education #children - YouTube

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2. Link to story mentioned in activity #2

A Beneficiary | The New Yorker

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Caches of old papers are like graves; you shouldn't open them.

Her mother had been cremated. There was no marble stone incised "Laila de Morne, born, died, actress."

She had always lied about her age; her name, too-the name she used wasn't her natal name, too ethnically limiting to suggest her uniqueness in a cast list. It wasn't her married name, either. She had baptized herself, professionally. She was long divorced, although only in her late fifties, when a taxi hit her car and (as she would have delivered her last line) brought down the curtain on her career.

Her daughter, Charlotte, had her father's surname and was as close to him as a child can be, when subject to an ex-husband's conditions of access. As Charlotte grew up, she felt more compatible with him than with her mother, fond as she was of her mother's-somehow-childishness. Perhaps acting was really a continuation of the make-believe games of childhood-fascinating, in a way. But. But what? Not a way Charlotte had wanted to follow-despite the fact that she was named after the character with which her mother had had an early success (Charlotte Corday, in Peter Weiss's "Marat/Sade"), and despite the encouragement of drama and dance classes. Not a way she could follow, because of lack of talent: her mother's unspoken interpretation, expressed in disappointment, if not reproach. Laila de Morne had not committed herself to any lover, had not gone so far as to marry again. There was no stepfather to confuse relations, loyalties; Charlie (as her father called her) could remark to him, "Why should she expect me to take after her?"

Her father was a neurologist. They laughed together at any predestinatory prerogative of her mother's, or the alternative paternal one-to be expected to become a doctor! Poking around in people's brains? They nudged each other with more laughter at the daughter's distaste.

Her father helped arrange the memorial gathering, in place of a funeral service, sensitive as always to any need of his daughter's. She certainly didn't expect or want him to come along to his ex-wife's apartment and sort the clothes, personal possessions to be kept or given away. A friend from the firm where she worked as an actuary agreed to help for a weekend. Unexpectedly, the young civil-rights lawyer with whom there had been a sensed mutual attraction, taken no further than dinner and a cinema date, also offered himself-perhaps a move toward the love affair that was coming anyway. The girls emptied the cupboards of clothes, the friend exclaiming over the elaborate range of styles women of that generation wore, how many personalities they could project-as if they had been able to choose, when now you belonged to the outfit of jeans and T-shirt. Oh, of course! Charlotte's mother was a famous actress!

Charlotte did not correct this, out of respect for her mother's ambitions. But when she went to the next room, where the lawyer was arranging chronologically the press cuttings and programs and photographs of Laila in the roles for which the wardrobe had provided, she turned over a few programs and remarked, more to be overheard by him than to him, "Never really had the leads she believed she should have had, after the glowing notices of her promise, very young. When she murdered Marat. In his bathtub, wasn't it? I've never seen the play." Confiding the truth of her mother's career, betraying Laila's idea of herself-perhaps also a move toward a love affair.

The three young people broke out of the trappings of the past for coffee and their concerns of the present. What sort of court cases does a civil-rights lawyer take on? What did he mean by "not the usual litigation"? No robberies or hijackings? Did the two young women feel that they were discriminated against? Did the plum jobs go to males? Or was it the other way around-did bad conscience over gender discrimination mean that women were now elevated to positions they weren't really up to? Women of any color, and black men-same thing? What would have been a sad and strange task for Charlotte alone became a lively evening, an animated exchange of opinions and experiences. Laila surely would not have disapproved; she had stimulated her audience.

There was a Sunday evening at a jazz club, sharing enthusiasm and a boredom with hip-hop, Kwaito. After another evening, dinner and dancing together-that first bodily contact to confirm attraction-he offered to help again with her task, and on a weekend afternoon they kissed and touched among the stacks of clothes and boxes of theatre souvenirs, his hand brimming with her breast, but did not proceed, as would have been natural, to the beautiful and inviting bed, with its signature of draped shawls and cushions. Some atavistic taboo, a notion of respect for the dead-as if her mother still lay there in possession.

The love affair found a bed elsewhere and continued uncertainly, pleasurably enough but without much expectation of commitment. A one-act piece begun among the props of a supporting-part career.

Charlotte brushed aside any offers, from him or from her office friend, to continue with the sorting of Laila's-what? The clothes were packed up. Some seemed wearable only in the context of a theatrical wardrobe and were given to an experimental-theatre group; others went to the Salvation Army, for distribution to the homeless. Her father arranged with an estate agent to advertise the apartment for sale; unless you want to move in, he suggested. But it was too big; Charlie couldn't afford to, didn't want to, live in a style not her own, even rent-free. They laughed again in their understanding, not in criticism of her mother. Laila was Laila. He agreed, but as if thinking of some other aspect of her. Yes, Laila.

The movers came to take the furniture to be sold. She half thought of inheriting the bed; it would have been luxurious to flop diagonally across its generosity, but she wouldn't have been able to get it past the bedroom door in her small flat. When the men departed with their loads, there were pale shapes on the floor where everything had stood. She opened windows to let out the dust and, turning back suddenly, saw that something had been left behind. A couple of empty boxes, the cardboard ones used for supermarket delivery. Irritated, she went to gather them. One wasn't empty; it seemed to be filled with letters. What makes you keep some letters and not others? In her own comparatively short life, she'd thrown away giggly schoolgirl stuff, sexy propositions scribbled on the backs of menus, once naïvely found flattering, a polite letter of rejection in response to an application for a job beyond her qualifications-a salutary lesson on what her set called the real world. This box apparently contained memorabilia that was different from the stuff already dealt with. The envelopes had the look of personal letters: hand-addressed, without the printed logos of businesses, banks. Had Laila had a personal life that wasn't related to her family-the-theatre? One child, the product of divorced parents, hardly counts as "family."

Charlotte-that was the identity she had in any context relating to her mother-sifted through the envelopes. If her mother had had a personal life, it was not a material possession to be disposed of like garments taken on and off; a personal life can't be "left to" a daughter, like a beneficiary in a will. Whatever letters Laila had chosen to keep were still hers; best to quietly burn them, as Laila herself had been consumed, sending them to join her. They say (she had read somewhere) that no one ever disappears, up in the atmosphere, stratosphere, whatever you call space-atoms infinitely minute, beyond conception of existence, are up there forever, from the whole world, from all time. As she shook this one box which was not empty, so that the contents would settle and not spill when it was lifted, she noticed some loose sheets of writing paper lying face down. Not held in the privacy of an envelope. She picked them out, turned them face up. Her father's handwriting, more deliberately formed than Charlie knew it. What was the date at the top of the page, under the address of the house she remembered as home when she was a small girl? A date twenty-four years back. Of course, his handwriting had changed a bit; it does with different stages in one's life. His Charlie was twenty-eight now, so she would have been four years old when he wrote that date. It must have been just before the divorce and her move to a new home with Laila.

The letter was formally addressed, on the upper left-hand side of the paper, to a firm of lawyers, Kaplan McLeod & Partners, and directed to one of them in particular: "Dear Hamish." Why on earth would Laila want to keep from a dead marriage the sort of business letter that a neurologist might have to write to a legal firm-on some question of a car accident maybe, or the nonpayment of some patient's consultation fee or surgery charges. (As if her father's medical and human ethics would ever have led him to the latter. . . .) The pages must have got mixed up with the other, truly personal material at some time. Laila and Charlotte had changed apartments frequently during Charlotte's childhood and adolescence.

The letter was marked "Copy":

"My wife, Laila de Morne, is an actress and, in the course of pursuing her career, has moved in a circle independent of one shared by a couple in marriage. I have always encouraged her to take the opportunities, through contacts she might make, to further her talent. She is a very attractive woman, and it was obvious to me that I should have to accept that there would be men, certainly among her fellow-actors, who would want to be more than admirers. But while she enjoyed the attention, and sometimes responded with a general kind of social flirtation, I had no reason to see this as a more than natural pleasure in her own looks and talents. She would make fun of these admirers, privately, with sharp remarks on their appearance, their pretensions, and, if they were actors, directors, or playwrights, on the quality of their work. I knew that I had not married a woman who would want to stay home and nurse babies, but from time to time she would bring up the subject. We ought to have a son, she said, for me. Then she would get a new part in a play and the idea was understandably postponed. After a successful start, her career was, however, not advancing to her expectations. She did not succeed in getting several roles that she had confidently anticipated. She came home elated one night and told me that she had been accepted for a small part in a play overseas, in the Edinburgh Fringe Festival. She had been selected because the leading actor himself, Rendall Harris, had told the casting director that she was the most talented of the young women in the theatre group. I was happy for her, and we gave a farewell party at our house the night before the cast left for the United Kingdom. After Edinburgh, she spent some time in London, calling to say how wonderful and necessary it was for her to experience what was happening in theatre there and, I gathered, trying her luck in auditions. Apparently unsuccessfully.

"Perhaps she intended not to come back. But she did. A few weeks later, she told me that she had just been to a gynecologist and confirmed that she was pregnant. I was moved. I took the unlikely luck of conception-I'd assumed, when we made love on the night of the party, that she'd taken the usual precautions; we weren't drunk, even if she was triumphant-as a symbol of what would be a change in our perhaps unsuitable marriage. I am a medical specialist, a neurological surgeon.

"When the child was born, it looked like any other red-faced infant, but after several months everyone remarked how the little girl was the image of Laila, her mother. It was one Saturday afternoon, when she was kicking and flinging her arms athletically-we were admiring our baby's progress, her beauty, and I joked, 'Lucky she doesn't look like me'-that my wife picked her up, away from me, and told me, 'She's not your child.' She'd met someone in Edinburgh. I interrupted with angry questions. No, she prevaricated, all right, London, the affair began in London. The leading actor who had insisted on her playing the small part had introduced her to someone there. A few days later, she admitted that it was not "someone," it was the leading actor. He was the father of our girl. She told this to other people, our friends, when through the press we heard the news that the actor, Rendall Harris, was making a name for himself in plays by Tom Stoppard and Tennessee Williams.

"I couldn't decide what to believe. I even consulted a colleague in the medical profession about the possible variations in the period of gestation in relation to birth. Apparently, it was possible that the conception had taken place with me, or with the other man a few days before or after the intercourse with me. Laila never expressed any intention of taking the child and making her life with the man. She was too proud to let anyone know that he most likely wouldn't want her or the supposed progeny of their affair.

"Laila has devoted herself to her acting career and, as a result, I have of necessity had a closer relation than is customary for the father with the care of the small girl, now four years old. I am devoted to her and can produce witnesses to support the conviction that she would be happiest in my custody.

"I hope this is adequate. Let me know if anything more is needed, or if there is too much detail here. I'm accustomed to writing reports in medical jargon and thought that this should be different. I don't suppose I've a hope in hell of getting Charlie; Laila will put all her dramatic skills into swearing that she isn't mine!"

That Saturday: it landed in the apartment looted by the present and filled it with blasting amazement, the presence of the past. That Saturday, coming to her just as it had come to him. Charlotte/Charlie (which was she?) received exactly as he had what Laila (yes, her mother-giving birth is proof) had told.

How do you recognize something that is not in the known vocabulary of your emotions? Shock is like a ringing in the ears; to stop it, you snatch back to the first page, read the letter again. It says what it said. This sinking collapse from within, from your flared, breathless nostrils down to your breasts, stomach, legs, and hands, hands that not only feel passively but go out to grasp what can't be. Dismay, that feeble-sounding word, has this ghastly meaning. What do you do with something you've been told? Something that now is there in the gut of your existence. Run to him? Thrust his letter at him, at her-but she's out of it now, she has escaped in smoke from the crematorium. And she is the one who really knows-knew.

Of course, he didn't get custody. He was awarded the divorce, but the mother was given the four-year-old child. It is natural, particularly in the case of a small girl, for a child to live with the mother. Despite this "deposition" of his, in which he was denied paternity, he paid maintenance for the child. The expensive boarding school, the drama and dance classes, even those holidays in the Seychelles, three times in Spain, once in France, once in Greece, with the mother. Must have paid generously. He was a neurologist, more successful in his profession than the mother was on the stage. But this couldn't have been the reason for the generosity.

Charlotte/Charlie couldn't think about that, either. She folded the two sheets, fumbled absently for the envelope they should have been in, weren't, and with them in her hand left the boxes, the letters, Laila's apartment locked, behind the door.

He could only be asked: why he had been a father, loving.

The return of his Saturday-it woke her at three, four in the morning, when she had kept it at bay through the activities of the day, work, navigating alone in her car through the city's crush, leisure time occupied in the company of friends who hadn't been told. She and her father had one of their regular early dinners at his favorite restaurant, went to a foreign movie by a director whose work she admires, and the news of that Saturday couldn't be spoken, was unreal.

In the dark, when the late-night traffic was over and the dawn traffic hadn't begun: silence.

The reason.

He believed in the chance of conception, that one night of the party. Laila's farewell. Even though his friend, the expert in biological medicine, had implied that if you didn't know the stage of the woman's fertility cycle you couldn't be sure-the conception might have been achieved a few days before or after that unique night.

I am Charlie, his.

The reason.

Another night thought, an angry mood: Who do they think they are, deciding who I am to suit themselves? To suit her vanity-she could, at least, bear the child of an actor with a career in the theatre that she hadn't attained for herself. To suit his wounded macho pride-refusing to accept another male's potency; his seed had to have been the winner.

And in the morning, before the distractions of the day took over, shame, ashamed of herself, Charlie, for thinking so spitefully, cheaply about him.

The next reason that offered itself was hardly less unjust-confusedly hurtful to her. He had paid one kind of maintenance, and he had paid another kind of maintenance, loving her in order to uphold the conventions before what he saw as the world-the respectable doctors in white coats who had wives to accompany them to medical-council dinners. If he had married again, it would have been to a woman like these. Laila was Laila. Never risk another.

The letter that belonged to no one's daughter was moved from place to place, to a drawer under sweaters, to an Indian box where she kept earrings and bracelets, behind books of plays-Euripides and Racine, Shaw and Brecht, Dario Fo, Miller, Artaud, Beckett, and, of course, an annotated "Marat/Sade." Charlotte's inheritance, never read.

When you are of many minds, the contention makes someone who has been not exactly what one wanted, who doesn't yet count, the only person to be told. In bed, yet another night, after lovemaking, when the guards were down, along with the physical tensions. Mark, the civil-rights lawyer, who acted in the mess of divorce litigation only when it infringed constitutional rights, said, in response, of the letter, "Tear it up." When she appealed (it was not just a piece of paper): "Have a DNA test." How to do that without taking the whole cache that was the past to the father? "Get a snip of his hair." All that would be needed to go along with a sample of her blood. Like whoever it was in the Bible cutting off Samson's hair. But how was she supposed to do that? Steal up on her father in his sleep somewhere?

Tear it up. Easy advice from someone who had understood nothing. She did not.

But a circumstance came about, as if somehow summoned. . . . Of course, it was fortuitous. . . . A distinguished actor-director had been invited by a local theatre to direct a season of classical and avant-garde plays, taking several lead roles himself. It was his first return to the country, to the city where he was born and which he had left to pursue his career-he said in newspaper interviews and on radio, television-how long ago? Oh, twenty-five years. Rendall Harris. Newspaper photographs: an actor's expression, assumed for many cameras, handsomely enough late-middle-aged, a defiant slight twist to the mouth to emphasize character, the eyebrows raised together amusedly, a touch of white in the short sideburns. Eyes difficult to make out in newsprint. On television, alive; something of the upper body, gestures, coming into view, the closeup of his changing expressions, the deep-set long eyes, gray darkening with some deliberate intensity, almost flashing black, meeting yours, the viewer's. What had she expected? A recognition? Hers of him? His, out of the lit-up box, of her? An actor's performance face.

She couldn't ignore the stir at the idea that the man named by her mother was in the city. Laila was Laila. Yes. If she had not gone up in smoke, would he have met her again, remembered her? Had he ever seen the baby, who was at least two when he went off for twenty-five years? What does a two-year-old remember? Had she ever seen this man as a younger self, been taken in by those strikingly interrogative eyes, received?

She was accustomed to going to the theatre with friends or with the lawyer-lover, though he preferred films, one of his limited tastes that she could at least share. Every day-every night-she thought about the theatre. Not with Mark. Not beside any of her friends. No. In a wild recurrent impulse, there was the temptation to be there with her father, who did not know that she knew, had been told, as he was that Saturday. Laila was Laila. For him and for her.

She went alone when Rendall Harris was to play one of the lead roles. There had been ecstatic notices. He was Laurence Olivier reincarnated for a new-the twenty-first-century, a deconstructed style of performance. She was far back in the box-office queue when a board went up: "House Full." She booked online for another night, an aisle seat three rows from the proscenium. At the theatre, she found herself, for some reason, hostile. Ridiculous. She wanted to disagree with the critics. That's what it was about.

Rendall Harris-how do you describe a performance that manages to create for the audience the wholeness, the life of a man, not just "in character" for the duration of the play but what he might have been before the events chosen by the playwright and how he might be, alive, continuing after? Rendall Harris was an extraordinary actor, man. Her palms were up among the hands applauding like the flight of birds rising. When he came out to take the calls, summoning the rest of the cast around him, she wasn't in his direct sight line, as she would have been if she'd asked for a seat in the middle of the row.

She went to every performance in which he was billed in the cast. A seat in the middle of the second row; the first would have been too obvious.

Though she was something other than a groupie, she was among the knot of autograph-seekers one night, who hung about the foyer hoping that he might leave the theatre that way. He did appear, making for the bar with the theatre's director, and for a moment, under the arrest of programs thrust at him, happened to encounter her eyes as she stood back from his fans-he had a smile of self-deprecating amusement, meant for anyone in his line of vision, but that one was her.

The lift of his face, his walk, his repertoire of gestures, the oddities of his lapses in expression onstage that she secretly recognized as himself appearing, became almost familiar to her. As if she somehow knew him, and these intimacies knew her. Signals. If invented, they were very like conviction. At the box office, there was the routine question, "D'you have a season ticket?" She supposed that was to have been bought when the Rendall Harris engagement was first announced.

She thought of a letter. Owed it to him for the impression that his performances had made on her. His command of the drama of living, the excitement of being there with him. After the fourth or fifth version in her mind, the next was written. Mailed to the theatre, it was most likely glanced through in his dressing room or at his hotel, among the other "tributes," and would either be forgotten or taken back to London for the collection of memorabilia it seemed actors needed. But, with him, there was that wry sideways tilt to the photographed mouth.

Of course, she neither expected nor received any acknowledgment.

After a performance one night, she bumped into some old friends of Laila's, actors who had come to the memorial, and who insisted on her joining them in the bar. When Rendall Harris's unmistakable head appeared through the late crowd, they created a swift current past backs to embrace him, to draw him with their buddy, the theatre director, to a space made at the table, where she had been left among the bottles and glasses. The friends, in the excitement of having Rendall Harris among them, forgot to introduce her as Laila's daughter, Laila who'd played Corday in that early production where he'd been Marat; perhaps they had forgotten Laila-best thing with the dead if you want to get on with your life and ignore the hazards, like that killer taxi, around you. Charlotte's letter was no more present than the other one, behind the volumes of plays. A fresh acquaintance, just the meeting of a nobody with the famous. But not entirely, even from the famous actor's side. As the talk lobbed back and forth, the man, sitting almost opposite her, thought it friendly, from his special level of presence, to toss something to the young woman whom no one was including, and easily found what came to mind: "Aren't you the one who's been sitting bang in the middle of the second row, several times lately?" And then they joined in laughter, a double confession-hers of absorbed concentration on him; his of being aware of it or at least becoming so at the sight, here, of someone out there whose attention had caught him. He asked, across the voices of the others, which plays in the repertoire she'd enjoyed most, what criticisms she had of those she didn't think much of. He named a number that she hadn't seen. Her response was another confession: she had seen only those in which he had played a part.

When the party broke up and all were meandering their way, with stops and starts in backchat and laughter, to the foyer, a shift in progress brought Rendall Harris's back right in front of her. He turned swiftly, as lithely as a young man, and-it must have been impulse in one accustomed to being natural, charming, in spite of his professional guard-spoke as if he had been thinking of it: "You've missed a lot, you know, so flattering for me, avoiding the other plays. Come some night, or there's a Sunday-afternoon performance of a Wole Soyinka you ought to see. We'll have a bite in the restaurant before I take you to your favorite seat. I'm particularly interested in audience reaction to the chances I've taken directing this play."

Rendall Harris sat beside her through the performance, now and then whispering some comment, drawing her attention to this and that. She had told him, over lasagna at lunch, that she was an actuary, a creature of calculation, that she couldn't be less qualified to judge the art of actors' interpretation or that of a director. "You know that's not true." Said with serious inattention. Tempting to believe that he sensed something in her blood, sensibility. From her mother. It was or was not the moment to tell him that she was Laila's daughter, although she carried Laila's husband's name, a name that Laila was not known by.

Now, what sort of a conundrum was that supposed to be? She was produced by-what was that long term?-parthenogenesis. She just growed, like Topsy? You know that's not true.

He arranged for her a seat as his guest for the rest of the repertoire in which he played the lead. It was taken for granted that she would come backstage afterward. Sometimes he included her in other cast gatherings, with "people your own age," obliquely acknowledging his own, old enough to be her father. Cool. He apparently had no children, adult or otherwise, didn't mention any. Was he gay? Now? Can a man change sexual preference, or literally embrace both? The way he embraced so startlingly, electric with the voltage of life, the beings created only in words by Shakespeare, Strindberg, Brecht, Beckett-oh, you name them, from the volumes holding down the letter telling of that Saturday. "You seem to understand that I-we-actors absolutely risk, kill ourselves, trying to reach the ultimate identity in what's known as a character, beating ourselves down to let the creation take over. Haven't you ever wanted to have a go yourself? Thought about acting?"

She said, "I know an actuary is the absolute antithesis of all that. I don't have the talent."

He didn't make some comforting effort. Didn't encourage magnanimously- Why not have a go? "Maybe you're right. Nothing like the failure of an actor. It isn't like other kinds of failure. It doesn't just happen inside you; it happens before an audience. Better to be yourself. You're a very interesting young woman, depths there. I don't know if you know it, but I think you do."

Like every sexually attractive young woman, she was experienced with the mostly pathetic drive that aging men have toward young women. Some of the men are themselves attractive, either because they have somehow kept the promise of vigor-mouths filled with their own teeth, tight muscular buttocks in their jeans, no jowls, fine eyes that have seen much to impart-or because they're well known, distinguished, yes, even rich. This actor, whose enduring male beauty was an attribute of his talent-he was probably more desirable now than he had been as a novice Marat in Peter Weiss's play; all the roles he had taken-he had emerged from the risk with a strongly endowed identity. Although there was no apparent reason that he should not make the usual play for this young woman, there was no sign that he was doing so. She knew the moves; they were not being made.

The attention was something else. Between them. Was this a question or a fact? They wouldn't know, would they? He simply welcomed her like a breeze that blew in with this season abroad, in his old home town, and seemed to refresh him. Famous people have protégés, a customary part of the multiply responsive public reception. He told her, sure to be indulged, that he wanted to go back to an adventure, a part of the country he'd been thrilled by as a child, wanted to climb there, where there were great spiky plants with red candelabras. She told him that it was the wrong season-those plants wouldn't be in bloom in this, his kind of season-but she'd drive him there; he took up the shy offer at once, and left the cast without him for two days, when the plays performed were not those in which he had the lead. They slipped and scrambled up the peaks he remembered, and, at the lodge in the evening, he was recognized, took this as inevitable, autographed bits of paper, and quipped privately with her that he had been mistaken in the past for a pop star he hadn't heard of but ought to have. His unconscious vitality invigorated people around him wherever he was. No wonder he was such an innovative director; the critics wrote that in his hands the classic plays, even the standbys of Greek drama, were reimagined, as if this were the way they were meant to be and never had been before. It wasn't in his shadow that she stood but in his light. As if she had been reimagined by herself. He was wittily critical at other people's expense, and so with him she was free to think-say-what she found ponderous in those she worked with: the predictability among her set of friends, which she usually tolerated without stirring them up. Not that she saw much of her friends at present. She was part of the cast of the backstage scene now, a recruit to the family of actors in the coffee shop at lunch, privy to their gossip, their bantering with the actor-director who drew so much from them, rousing their eager talent.

The regular Charlie dinners with her father, often postponed, were subdued; he caught this from her. There wasn't much for them to talk about. Unless she wanted to show off her new associations.

The old impulse came, unwelcome, to go with her father to the theatre. Suppressed. But returned. To sit with him and together see the man commanding on the stage. What for? What would this resolve? Was she Charlotte or Charlie?

Charlie said, "Let's see the play that's had such rave reviews. I'll get tickets." He didn't demur, had perhaps forgotten who Rendall Harris was, might be.

He led her to the bar afterward, talking of the play with considering interest. He had not seen Beckett in ages; the play wore well, was not outdated. She didn't want to be there. It was late, she said. No, no, she didn't want a drink, the bar was too crowded. But he persuaded gently, "We won't stay. I'm thirsty, need a beer."

The leading actor was caught in a spatter of applause as he moved among the admiring drinkers. He talked through clusters of others and then arrived.

"Rendall, my father."

"Congratulations. Wonderful performance-the critics don't exaggerate."

The actor dismissed the praise as if he'd had enough of that from people who didn't understand what such an interpretation of Vladimir or Estragon involved, the-what was that word he always used?-risk. "I didn't feel right tonight. I was missing a beat. Charlotte, you've seen me do better, hey, m'darling."

Her father picked up his glass but didn't drink. "Last time I saw you was in the play set in an asylum. Laila de Morne was Charlotte Corday."

Her father told.

"Of course, you always get chalked up in the critics' hierarchy by how you play the classics, but I'm more fascinated by the new stuff-movement theatre, parts I can take from zero. I've sat in that bathtub too many times, knifed by Charlotte Cordays. . . ." The projection of that disarmingly self-deprecating laugh.

She spoke what she had not told, had not yet found the right time and situation to say to him: "Laila de Morne is my mother." No more to be discarded in the past tense than the performance of the de Sade asylum where she had been Charlotte Corday to his Marat. "That's how I was named."

"Well, you're sure not a Charlotte to carry a knife, spoil your beautiful aura with that, frighten off the men around you." Peaked eyebrows, as if he were, ruefully, one of them-a trick from the actors' repertoire contradicted by a momentary, hardly perceptible contact of those eyes with her own, diamonds, black with the intensity that it was his talent to summon, a stage prop taken up and at once released, at will.

Laila was Laila.

When they were silent in the pause at a traffic light, her father touched the open shield of his palm to the back of her head, the unobtrusive caress he had offered when driving her to boarding school. If she was, for her own reasons, now differently disturbed, that was not to be pried at. She was meant to drop him at his apartment, but when she drew up at the entrance she opened the car door at her side, as he did his, and went to him in the street. He turned-what's the matter? She moved her head-nothing. She went to him and he saw, without understanding, that he should take her in his arms. She held him. He kissed her cheek, and she pressed it against his. Nothing to do with DNA. ♦

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Caches of old papers are like graves; you shouldn't open them. Her mother had been cremated. There was no marble stone incised "Laila de Morne, born, died, actress." She had always lied about her age; her name, too-the name she used wasn't her natal name, too ethnically limiting to suggest her uniqueness in a cast list.