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Instructions on how to post your insights

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Instructions on how to post your insights

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1) Click on the '+' sign
2) Click on the "Title" and type in your name
3) Click on "Write something" and post your insights, using the Paul's Wheel of Reasoning as a guide.

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Who you are

-You are officials from the Ministry of Transport/Land Transport Authority

Your objectives

-To develop a transport network that is convenient, well-connected and fast

-To develop a transport ecosystem characterised by gracious behaviour and inclusive infrastructure

-To develop a transport environment that supports healthy living and enables safer journeys

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A timeline of S’pore’s electric vehicle journey so far

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Can electric vehicles (EVs) replace petrol and diesel vehicles on Singapore’s roads? The question was explored in Parliament as early as 1994, when former Nominated Member of Parliament Kanwaljit Soin mooted that Singapore could be one of the first cities in the world to proliferate EV u…

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Cutting landfill waste, mandating cleaner vehicles among slew of goals unveiled in Singapore Green Plan 2030

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SINGAPORE - The Government aims to reduce the amount of waste sent to landfill by 20 per cent by 2026, and will require all new car registrations to be of cleaner-energy models by 2030.

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Incentives likely to encourage electric vehicle adoption in Singapore, but questions remain, say analysts

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SINGAPORE: Newly announced measures aimed at incentivising the use of electric vehicles (EVs) are likely to encourage their adoption, say observers, though there are still questions about their implementation. In his Budget 2020 speech, Deputy Prime Minister Heng Swee Keat announ

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PUBLIC CONSULTATION [4 Mar 2020] Feedback From Public On Singapore's Long-Term Low-Emissions Development Strategy [7 Feb 2020] Response to Feedback...

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The aim of the discussion as the ministry of transport is to

1) Design efficient public transport vehicles which are eco-friendly and quiet.

2) Try to design iniatives to give the public an incentive to use more cleaner methods of transport.

3) Try to create design and implement more ammenities like electric car charging station to make the usage of such eco friendly vehicles more convenient.

4) Make it cheaper to use eco freindly (mainly electric) vehicles through lesser taxes or subsidies.

5) Try to encourage private shared transport operators to switch their fleet of vehicles to ones which emit less pollution and are greener.

6)Work together with local communities to   redesign the layout of the town/city to one which gives more emphasis and has more ammenties to support conducive streets  where residents are encouraged to walk, or cycle rather than take vehicular transport

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1) Will the public be interested in switching to electric vehicles?

2) Are electric vehicles as reliable as traditional petrol fueled ones?

3)How much should be exactly invested into this sector?

4) How rapidly should the change to greener(electric) transport be implemented

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The switch to electric transportation has already begun. Through the investment inn electric cars and buses; we can already see some of the benefits that it is bringing to our societies.

1) First of all, by adding more hybrid and electric buses, there are 50% less emissions than diesel buses

2) Fully electric buses like the is yutong e12 have posed benefits like being very silent and having much faster accelerations and being more reliable; therefore, improving the quality of the public transport fleet.

3) (Although this isn't electric cars, it is still relevant) Moreover, through increased biking lanes being built by the LTA, this has resulted in more people cycling as indicated by the Channel News Asia with 4 percent of Singaporeans cycling at least once a week; therefore, cutting emmisions and promoting a healthier lifestyle.

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As the electric vehicle's market in Singapore is increasing due to our(Ministry of Transport Authority) incentives and initiatives

1) We can infer that more and more people are going to switch to more greener electric vehicles

2) The market of electric vehicles in Singapore is going to become more appealing and therefore will become more valuable as time passes(therefore the government can invest)

3) People are becoming more aware of the benefits posed by the electric vehicles. Therefore, it is not a bad idea to invest more into increasing the infrastructure surrounding the green vehicles (e.g. electric charging stations).

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1) The consumer's thought process in buying a new product(in this case a car)

2) The long time future goals of Singapore

3) Reliability of new technology.

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1) electric vehicle companies will be willing to invest and bring their products to Singapore

2) The prices of harnessing electricity and using it to power our cars will remain as low as it is and the increasong consumptions would not drive up the prices too high

3) The methods of harnessing electricity would become more efficient in the future amd we would be too depent on natural gas to produce electricity as we are doing right now

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1) Electric cars are and will continue be a viable alternative to normal petrol-feuled cars and as the technology increases; it will only get better

2) Electric cars would contine having lower emissions as compared to normal cars

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We should think of the suppliers of the electricity or manufacturers of the batteries. What do they use to produce this electricity (e.g. do they burn natural gas to produce this electricity?). We need to ensure that they can keep up with the demand when the demand for electricity or the batteries for the cars increase

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Purpose, aim of our discussion:
Ideate initiatives to create a greener transport system in Singapore through considering different perspectives within the Ministry, with a particular focus on encouraging the use of Electric Vehicles (EVs) among car-owners and companies.

This would include but is not limited to: increasing the number of EV charging points across the island, decreasing the cost of EVs for car owners and companies, decreasing the manufacturing cost of EVs, providing monetary incentives for companies to purchase EVs, etc.

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Questions:
1. How receptive are Singaporeans (from all social and economic classes) to purchasing EVs?

2. How far will financial aid go as to encouraging Singaporeans to purchase EVs instead of cars with internal combustion engines?

3. What is the maximum amount of money that can be invested into encouraging green transportation, given Singapore's other goals? If that amount is accessible to us, what is preventing us from investing that money right now?

4. Besides government incentives, how else might we encourage Singaporeans to purchase EVs?

5. Will there be any negative implications (environmental, social, etc) from directing Singaporeans to EVs and having more EV purchases than other car types? To what extent will these implications impact the everyday lives of citizens and the government?

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Information:
As of 2017, 12.9% of Singapore's carbon emissions were from the transport sector (third largest source of primary emissions). Therefore, the Ministry must actively work to reduce this percentage to meet our Singapore Green Plan goals.

- Incentives have been put in place to encourage the purchase of EVs through lowering their prices for potential car owners. The EV Early Adoption Incentive (EEAI) allows owners who register fully electric cars to receive a rebate of 45% of the Additional Registration Fee (ARF), capped at $20,000. This lowers the upfront cost of an electric car by 11%.
- 60,000 EV charging points are to be built by 2030, 40,00 of which will be in public carparks. The remaining 20,000 will be located in private premises.
- Total population of electric cars more than doubled from 1,217 in 2020 to 2,942 in 2021.
- If all Singapore’s light vehicles run on electricity, carbon emissions would be reduced by 1.5 to 2 million tonnes, or about 4% of our total national emissions.
- (On other forms of green transportation: clean energy buses) 60 electric buses have already been purchased and rolled out. This will allow CO2 tailpipe emissions from buses to decrease by approximately 7840 tonnes annually.

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Interpretation and Inference:
1. The MOT is achieving its targets primarily through financial support for those purchasing EVs. Therefore, money is likely to be the biggest factor that is stopping people from doing so.
2. MOT approaches to encourage EVs are effective (as seen through the electric car population increasing two-fold).
3. To achieve net-zero emissions, MOT will have to diversify the means by which we encourage potential car owners to buy EVs/current car owners to switch to EVs.

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Concepts:
1. Impact (short and long-term) of EVs on the environment.
2. Factors that influence a consumer's decision with regard to choosing a car, and to what extent do they influence the decision.

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Assumptions:
1. Majority of Singaporeans have yet to understand the benefits of EVs (or a greener transportation system in general).
2. Companies find difficulty in reducing their carbon emissions.
3. Companies are reluctant to adopt environmentally-practices to reduce carbon emissions.
4. Majority of Singaporeans have the misconception that going green is more expensive.
5. We will have the supply to meet the demand of EVs as time passes.
6. Singapore will remain economically stable and will always have the funds to invest in greener transport.
7. The MOT will be able to encourage the population to make greener transport choices and meet the Singapore Green Plan goals.

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Implications/Consequences
1. More money will be pumped into this sector. Hence, more subsidies will be given in the next few years, and more EVs will be manufactured.
2. The relevant government bodies and corporations will take steps to educate Singaporeans on green transport.

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Other POVs:
1. Insurance companies: Will the increase in EVs cause more EV-related accidents (relevant example to illustrate this point: PMD fires)?
2. Public commuters: Is it better to purchase an EV, if they have the means?
3. Companies manufacturing EVs: Since Evs are becoming more prevalent, what does it take for a particular model to stand out? Competition to create a "best-selling" or even "luxury" EV increases.

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Aim of the discussion: Ideate and come up with initiatives and plans to create a more sustainable transport network throughout Singapore that is well-connected and efficient. This can be done by trying to relate to commuters and car companies, and understanding what would entice them to make a change in their behaviour to be more sustainable. We can target to have them to adopt the usage of Electric Vehicles(EVs), as they are more environmentally friendly than the petrol and diesel powered cars.

Some ways to do this are:
1) Decreasing the cost of EVs for car owners and companies
2) Decreasing the tax on EVs, and making them less expensive
3) Providing companies and car owners with monetary incentives for owning EVs.
4) Making the usage of EVs more convenient by increasing the number of charging points across Singapore
5) Creating benefits for EVs(e.g. free parking for an hour if they use charging station in malls)
6) Make petrol and diesel cars less appealing by making them more expensive to pay for in terms of tax, diesel and petrol top-ups and so on.

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1. What are the public's sentiments towards EVs as of now? Would they be willing to buy and use one over their current cars? Why or why not?

2. Are electric vehicles on par with traditional petrol and diesel powered ones? Are there any significant differences that may affect the day-to-day commute of Singaporeans?

3. Would it be feasible and affordable for everyone to make the switch to EVs?

4. What should the timeline look like? How quickly should the EVs be rolled out?

5. How much can the government do to make it enticing to have an EV? What would be considered excessive?

6. Are there other ways of encouraging Singaporeans to buy EVs other than government action?

7. How will the car companies be impacted? Would they lose profit and be disinterested in investing in Singapore?

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The government has already made plans to move toward a greener transport system. Although Singapore's electric car population currently stands at 1,125, or just 0.18 per cent of the 631,266 cars on the road here, the government is trying to change this.

As early as 2017, HDT Singapore Taxi rolled out Singapore’s first fleet of electric taxis, as a nationwide car-sharing programme kicked off after electric car-sharing firm BlueSG was picked out of 13 participants in the task force’s RIF exercise launched in 2014. It was expected that these cars would play an integral part in achieving Singapore’s car-lite vision by reducing reliance on private vehicles and at the same time, encourage the usage of EVs.

Then, in 2020, in his Budget speech, Deputy Prime Minister Heng Swee Keat announced that Singapore is “placing a significant bet on EVs and leaning policy in that direction”. The country aimed to build 28,000 charging points by 2030, and phase out all ICE vehicles by 2040.

Just a year later in 2021, the Government announced that they will require all new car registrations to be of cleaner-energy models by 2030. They will expand the network of electric vehicle charging points from 28,000 to 60,000 by 2030. Of the 60,000, 40,00 will be in public carparks, and the remaining 20,000 will be located in private premises. Furthermore, they promised to dedicate S$30 million over the next five years to EV related initiatives.

This clearly serves as a marker of the government's intent to encourage the purchase and usage of EVs as a commodity in Singapore, as they slowly work toward their goal. This hopefully can add on to what the rest have already mentioned to provide more information on the issue.

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1. EVs are slowly becoming a more viable option for car owners in Singapore, as they are being given priority and benefits by us(MOT).

2. We(the Ministry of Transport) are very quickly setting the stage for EVs to become a commodity in Singapore, as seen in the increase of charging points and the money being dedicated to the promotion and development of EVs.

3. EVs will become a good place for people to invest in and will be very profitable, as everyone will have to make the switch to an EV before the new law kicks in. This would cause EV sales to skyrocket, making them very profitable.

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1. Influencing public perceptions and choices

2. Electric vehicles vs diesel and fuel powered vehicles? What are the differences and how will they affect industries, companies and people?

3. Change, and how it can be brought about in a society.

4. Trade and management of cars- who are the main producers/companies/exporters? Are they producing enough EVs to support all of Singapore?

5. How can the jobs lost due to this change be replaced with new ones?

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Purpose and aim of our discussion

Overall aim: to create a more eco-friendly transport system in Singapore that ensures convenience and connectivity, with a distinct focus on promoting the use of Electric Vehicles while balancing the interests of relevant stakeholders

Finding out the demands of both the commuters and stakeholders to accommodate to their needs and ensure that the greener transport system will appeal to them in order to encourage the change to more environmentally friendly transport alternatives

Create schemes and initiatives that would incentivise commuters to support and utilise the green transport system

Collaborate with car companies and transport operators to encourage the change to greener transport options

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1. EVs will be readily available and electric car companies will be willing to transport their products to Singapore for mass use.
2. The methods employed by MOT and the government to encourage car owners and companies to use EVs will be effective.
3. Singaporeans do not understand the benefits of EVs yet.
4. Companies will be willing to make the change to EVs, instead of refusing to invest in Singapore any further and relocating elsewhere.
5. There will be little resistance to this change.
6. The change in question will be effective and make a difference.

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1.  The EV industry will be profitable and more money will be invested in it to allow the industry to grow further.

2. Singapore can adopt a greener transport system.

3. Singaporeans will be educated on the benefits of EVs and realise that it is a viable option.

4. As EVs are put into use, greater developments can be made to them, causing them to surpass the petrol and diesel cars by far.

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1. Car manufacturers- Will the shift to EVs cause an unbearable strain on them? Will they be able to smoothly transition to EVs?

2. Car owners- What incentive is there for them to change the way of doing things? Will there be a fear of making changes to a widely accepted way of transport- petrol and diesel powered cars.

3. Petrol companies/Petrol stations- How can the loss of a large part of the industry be mitigated? How can new jobs be created to replace the old ones that were lost?

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1. How open are the public towards the switch to Electric Vehicles?

2. What are the concerns of the public regarding the roll-out of EVs in Singapore?

3. Can EVs ensure the same quality travel journey or comfort as petrol or diesel-powered cars?

4. Are EVs an affordable option to everyone?

5. What can be better done to encourage the switch to EVs?

6. How would this switch to EVs affect other stakeholders (e.g in terms of profit, conflict of interest etc)?

7. What are the possible negative implications that this switch to EVs may bring and what can we do to mitigate these implications?

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Purpose:
- To come up with ideas and propose initiatives that will push for the switch to EVs, in order to make Singapore's transport network eco-friendly with minimal carbon emissions.
- Get views and thoughts from Singaporean  motorists about initiating the switch to EVs, so as to make the switch as smooth and seamless as possible
- Make EVs more accessible to Singaporeans and make it convenient for them to change from petrol cars to EVs.
- Change all buses to electric buses to mirror the switch in cars, while rethinking and redesigning existing depots to accommodate the charging requirements of electric vehicles
- Give incentives to encourage Singaporeans to change to EVs

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-  Will motorists be willing to go through the hassle of changing their car for an EV?
- Will Singapore have enough charging points to accommodate the increase in EVs on the roads?
- How much will motorists have to pay for electricity to charge their car and will it cost more than petrol?
- How will this affect car companies that do not produce EVs in Singapore. Will this cause a loss of a industry in Singapore?

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Purpose:
1) Brainstorm ideas as to how Singapore can transition smoothly to have a greater reliance on green transportation

2) Consider a variety of perspective and obtain feedback from stakeholders, thereafter deciding on the best course of action to take

Aims:
1) Developing a robust and sustainable transport system, through the use of green transportation, in particular Electric Vehicles (EV)

2) Minimise the carbon emissions from the transport sector, thereby contributing to Singapore's carbon net zero goal

3) Achieve its sustainability goals without compromising the efficiency, convenience, inclusion and safety of the existing transport system

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Currently, in Singapore, there are around 568,376 petrol cars in Singapore, and only 3,713 EVs, a mere 0.65%. However, there has been a growing interest in electric vehicles in Singapore. Singapore's EV population more than doubled last year, growing from 1397 vehicles in end-2020 to 3713 in end-2021.

Under the Singapore Road Plan 2030 (SRP30), LTA has set out a comprehensive EV Roadmap to ramp up efforts for EV adoption. With the advancement of EV technology, they expect the cost of buying an EV and ICE vehicle to be similar by the mid-2020s. In addition, they have set a target of 60,000 EV charging points by 2030, and by working with private sectors to achieve 40,000 charging points in public carparks and 20,000 charging points in private premises.

In terms of public transport, LTA has committed to having a 100% cleaner energy bus fleet by 2040. As such, they are only purchasing cleaner energy buses. They have bought 60 electric buses, which will be deployed since 2020 and will be fully deployed by end 2021. As a result, the CO2 tailpipe emissions from buses will decrease by approximately 7840 tons annually.

In Budget 2020, then-Finance Minister Heng Swee Keat announced that Singapore would gradually phase out ICE vehicles by 2040. In Budget 2022, Finance Minister Lawrence Wong reinforced the idea, announcing that more EV charging points will be built closer to where people live.

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- The government is serious and has been taking steps to meet the 2040 goal of phasing out ICE vehicles.
- The government is willing to invest money to help Singaporeans make the switch to EVs
- More and more Singaporeans are recognising the ill effects of ICE vehicles and are more keen to switch to EVs.
- When the switch has to happen, there will be sufficient infrastructure in place to accomodate the new EVs on the roads.

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- Motorists' thoughts and opinions on having to make the switch
- How all this plays into a more eco-friendly Singapore
- The potential effects of a switch to EVs

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1) What are some reasons that the public may be inclined or disinclined to use EV?

2) What is the overall economic impact of using more EV and which stakeholders will it affect the most?

3) Will the roll-out of EV be quick enough such that it can have a significant impact on addressing the issue of carbon emissions by the set deadlines?

4) Is there a geographic/spatial aspect involved? How well can Singapore accomodate the increased number of vehicles and charging stations?

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- When Singapore has to make a switch, more companies will start selling them in Singapore to keep the prices down
- Electricity usage and production will not be an issue as a lot of electricity would be used to charge all the EVs
- Production of electricity will be done through clean and renewable means

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- Car companies will have a massive decline in sales and pull out of the Singaporean market, causing potential economical problems
- Technology for fast charging of cars will continue to be developed to make charging of cars easy and fast
- Houses can be built along highways as there will be minimal noise and exhaust

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- Older motorists, will they be able to understand how to operate the new car and how to charge it etc.
- EV Companies, how will they manage prices and balance profit with affordability
- Singaporeans, there may be potential resistance against the change
- Car Companies/Petrol Companies, how will the government deal with the sudden loss of revenue for these companies?

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Currently, the government believes that EV are the most promising clean vehicle technology. As such, they have committed to implementing policies which aim to push out greater EV use among the public. These include the goal to build 60000 electric charging points by 2030 and phase out all Internal Combustion Engines (ICE) by 2040.

Several incentives have already been put in place, which aim to encourage more people to adopt the use of EV, mainly by alleviating some extent of financial burden.  For example, there is the EV Early Adoption Incentive (EEAI), where those who buy electric cars will receive a rebate of up to 45% on the Addition Registration Fee (ARF), with a cap of $20000.

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1) The government is pushing hard for the increased uptake of EV, but this is largely dependent on the public's own decision as to whether they want to make the switch

2) On the whole, EV are looking like the primary mode of transport for private vehicle owners in the future, as costs are reduced further which make EV the more economical option

3) More and more, awareness about climate issues and sustainability is becoming increaingly pertinent, with people having greater knowledge of their individual impact on the environment

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The rationale behind the Ministry of Transport's plan to make the switch to a more eco-friendly option— EVs, is to reduce the high carbon dioxide emissions and to address the problem of global warming. EV emits half the amount of carbon dioxide as compared to a similar vehicle powered by the ICE, thus making it a possible green transport alternative. A switch to EVs could help Singapore significantly cut its level of emissions as private cars make up more than a third of emissions by the transport sector, according to the National Climate Change Secretariat.

The government has already created a plan for the switch from internal combustion engine(ICE) vehicles to electric vehicles(EV). Under the Singapore Green Plan 2030, the LTA has come up with a comprehensive EV Roadmap to ramp up their efforts for EV adoption. Due to the advancement of EV technology, the cost of buying an EV and ICE vehicle is expected to be similar by the mid-2020s. LTA also has a set target of 60,000 EV charging points by 2030 and will work with private sectors to achieve 40,000 charging points in public car parks and 20, 000 charging points in private premises. The increase in the number of charging points to ensure convenience and the affordability of EVs may increase public’s interest in EVs.

There has also been initiatives to incentivise the use of EVs such as the EV early adoption Incentive(EEAI) where those who buy fully electric cars and taxis will receive a rebate of up to 45 percent on the Addition Registration Fee (ARF), capped at S$20,000. Road tax methodology will also be utilised to reduce road tax for EVs and some hybrids. These financial incentives may spur more commuters to make the switch to Evs.

Current concerns regarding EVs include a lack of charging infrastructure, few available models and range anxiety. According to the Singapore Vehicle Traders Association (SVTA), the models of EV cars are still very limited as of 2021. There are only a handful of electric car models available for sale in Singapore such as the BYD e6 and Nissan Leaf. Motorists are also hesitant to latch onto new technology and some people may even feel the need to keep a petrol car around for longer trips in order to avoid range anxiety.

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The purpose of our discussion is the be able to ideate and brainstorm ideas that allow for a more eco-friendly transport system in Singapore, that still maintains the quality, accessibility and connectivity of our current transport systems. We also aim to push forward initiatives that advocate for the switch to Electric Vehicles.

Some actions to take include decreasing the cost of EVs (for car owners / companies), providing cash incentives for companies to use EVs, make EVs more accessible in general, etc.

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1) Advancement of technology - viability of EV as a long term, sustainable solution

2) Public perceptions and opinions on EV - willingness to switch

3) Trade-offs - benefits of ICE vehicles over EV, and vice versa

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1) What are the publics preconceived notions of EVs? Why would the public be incentivised or disincentivized to make the switch to EVs?

2) Is the switch to EVs affordable for all? If not, how can we ensure that everyone is able to have the opportunity to make the switch?

3) Will it create an industry loss and economic decline in Singapore due to car companies not producing EVs? Is it beneficial to the economy?

4) Will Singapore be able to accommodate the number of EV charging ports around the country?

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1) The switch to EV will be totally smooth - In reality, EV users will have to deal with some issues regarding practicality, such as finding stations to charge their vehicles, not just in Singapore but also when crossing the border to Malaysia

2) EV are completely environmentally friendly - Not quite, as the electricity used to power the vehicles may still be generate through unrenewable means like burning fossil fuels

3) The existing EV models are a one-size-fits-all - However, the current models are mostly similar in design, due to EV still being relatively new technology. This means that the current EV models may not be functional for different types of vehicle owners, such as large families with 5 or more passengers

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1) Thought process of consumers
2) EVs short and long term impact on the environment

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Aims:

1. To promote cleaner-energy models of car and taxi registrations from 2030

2. To understand the opinions of key stakeholders regarding the usage of electrical vehicles (EVs), and

3. Better develop government schemes to regulate EVs that will appeal to public’s interest

This can be done through

Discussing about the advantages and disadvantages of using EVs → disadvantages of EVs highlighted by various stakeholders should be taken into consideration, so as to facilitate the improvement and development of EVs

Such factors include

Inconvenience: For example, car owners may be unwilling to switch to EVs, especially since there is a severe lack of charging stations compared to gas stations → solution: increase the number of charging stations as well as decrease the distance between different charging stations

High prices: For example, public commuters may choose not to purchase EVs due to unreasonably high prices [a bulk of the hefty price coming from batteries made of expensive metals]. → solution: use of government incentives

reference to past government schemes: "The scheme, which will be available until Dec 31, 2023, gives buyers of fully electric cars and taxis a rebate of up to 45 per cent on their additional registration fees, capped at $20,000"; lowers the upfront cost of EVs

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1) Current vehicle owners - reasons they may or may not change

2) New vehicle owners - reasons they may or may not choose EV

3) Energy production sector - How much more electricity will need to be generated

4) Car manufacturing companies - Will they choose to produce their own EV or deal with the impacts of (potential) decreased sales

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1. The Ministry of Transport primary way of encouraging the use of EVs is through financial incentives.

2. The government intends for a mass adoption of EVs as seen from the multiple actions taken to encourage the use of EVs (e.g increasing the number of charging points, offering incentives etc)

3. Our society is moving towards more eco-friendly approaches and there is increased awareness of the importance of addressing global warming and its detrimental effects.

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What are the public opinions towards EVs?

Will the enforcement of the usage of EVs in Singapore really be feasible?

What are some possible negative implications caused by EVs if used in the long run?

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1) Singaporeans have yet to understand the benefits that switching to EVs have

2) That the transition to EVs will be smooth and that EVs will be readily available for mass use amongst Singaporeans.

3) All companies are willing to make the transition to EVs, rather than relocating to another industry and market overseas.

4) That the production of electricity for EVs will be conducted sustainably and will be renewable

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1) Increased number of vehicles in Singapore, leading to heavier traffic on roads. Parking spaces will also be more congested

2) Decrease in number of petrol stations, increase in number of charging stations

3) EV may not have such a big impact on the environment or carbon emissions as previously hoped, so targets may be difficult to meet

4) EV will be the "norm", and owners of EV may be seen as more sensible or climate conscious than ICE vehicle owners. Perhaps some form of prejudice may form?

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1. Consumers’ current stance on EVs and their perspectives

2. Effectiveness of EVs in reducing carbon emissions

3.  The practicalities of making the switch from ICE vehicles to EVs

4. The objectives and demands of relevant stakeholders

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1) More funds will be placed on this sector, meaning more subsidies and grants will be given out and thus, the EV industry would grow quite rapidly.

2) Singaporeans will be more educated on environmentally friendly means of transport, and that will further translate into other sectors of the economy and parts of daily life, making Singaporeans more green people overall.

3) The impact of making the switch to EVs might not be as big as expected, resulting in the government having to turn to other means go green in the transport sector.

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Purpose of the discussion:
Engage different stakeholders to find out the best way to reduce the amount of carbon emissions in Singapore and reach our goal of halving emissions from its peak to 33 MtCO2e by 2050, use this information to plan out new policies.

Aims to achieve:
- Come up with suitable policies which can regulate green transportation in Singapore.
- Ensure that the policies are accessible to everyone and are as beneficial to everyone as possible.

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1) People who commute by public transport already - should they make the switch to EVs or not?
2) Petrol companies - how should they and the government deal with the sudden loss in income and shutting down of this sector of the economy?
3) The energy production industry - must be able to keep up with the constant demand for electricity especially in this new sector of EVs

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1. Is the roll-out of EVs in Singapore feasible?

2. Is it cost-effective for Singaporeans?

3. Is it really effective in achieving our aim, i.e. reducing carbon emissions in Singapore?

4. Are there any negative drawbacks of rolling out EVs in Singapore?

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A lot of carbon emissions come from the transport sector in Singapore. The government supports the roll-out of EVs and will be setting aside over $30 million for EV-related initiatives. They are also working on making charging stations more accessible to Singaporeans. They have also mandated new car registrations to be cleaner-energy models by 2030.

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1. Most of the Singaporeans have not understand the merits of EVs yet

2. Cost and affordability is a major consideration for many Singaporeans when deciding on whether to make the switch to EVs

3. Companies are only willing to make the switch to EVs if they do not lose profit.

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I can infer that since the government supports the rolling out of EVs and have even rolled out initiatives like tax reductions, Singaporeans will be more inclined to buy electric vehicles. However, even though the initiatives may be successful, it may not be very effective as some Singaporeans might still hesitate to buy EVs considering the higher price or the hassle to use EVs.

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1. Considerations of the different stakeholders.

2. Pros and Cons of EVs in Singapore.

3. Effectiveness of EVs in reducing carbon emissions.

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1. Assume that the Singapore government has sufficient funds to implement whatever initiatives they want to implement.

2. Assume that most Singaporeans have some basic knowledge of EVs.

3. Assume that the cons of using more electricity is lesser than the cons of increased carbon emissions.

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1. Singaporeans are willing to make the change to EVs as the incentives are attractive enough and the carbon emissions produced by Singapore are successfully reduced.

OR

2. Singaporeans still do not think that making the change to EVs is worth the trouble and they only make the change in 2030 when it is required.

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1. POVs of car owners.
2. POVs of car manufacturers.
3. POVs of fuel station companies.
4. POVs of electric car manufacturers.
5. POVs of charging power station companies.

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1. While EVs are eco-friendly and emit less carbon dioxide, there are still environmental considerations with EVs such as the replacement and disposal of depleted car batteries. If not handled appropriately, a possible implication would be the indirect pollution that harms our environment.

2. Some companies such as car companies that manufacture ICE vehicles may lose profit

3. EVs will most likely become more and more popular due to the many measures the government has taken to encourage the public’s switch to EVs

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1. Vehicle owners: how do we ensure that EVs ownership is affordable to them? Is the range of EVs models in the market wide enough to cater to different consumers’ lifestyle needs?

2. Electric Vehicles Charging Operators and original equipment manufacturers: how do we ensure that these companies profit and thrive in the long term? Are the Singapore government policies conducive enough to the long-term growth of the EV sector in Singapore?

3. Petrochemical companies: How do they remain relevant and profitable? What are the actions they can take to transform their business to be more green?

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The likely rationale behind the Ministry of Transport's decision to make the switch to a more eco-friendly option, EVs, is to reduce the high amount carbon dioxide emissions and to solve the overarching issue of global warming. EVs produce 50% the carbon dioxide of an ICE. Making the switch to EVs could help significantly aid Singapore in cutting down its emission levels, as seen in cars (private) making up over 1/3 of emissions in the transport sector (National Climate Change Secretriat).

There appears to also have been different incentives and initiatives churned out to incentivise the use of EVs. For example,. the EV early adoption Incentive. Those who fully buy electric cars / taxis can receive up to 45% rebate on the ARF.

In Budget 2022, it was mentioned by Minister of Finance, Lawrence Wong, that they would be building more EV charging points closer to people's homes. He also started that they would like to further cement the switch to EVs, in follow up to Budget 2020, where it was mentioned that all internal combustion engine vehicles will be phased out by 2040.

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The purpose of the discussion is to develop a sustainable transport network that is easily accessible, well-connected and fast. Additionally, it is to develop a transport ecosystem characterized by gracious behaviour and inclusive infrastructure, as well as to develop a transport environment that supports healthy living and enables safer journeys.

The Ministry of Transport aims to achieve sustainable alternatives to Singapore’s current public transport system to battle the high rising carbon emissions caused by human activity.

In order to do so, the ministry intends to roll out more initiatives encouraging the use of electric vehicles to minimize carbon emissions by being aware of their carbon footprint.

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What makes EVs attractive to car owners?

Why should a car owner feel the need to change?

Will there be visible change such that the general public become more convinced?

Will this change be substantial or have a little chance of being successful?

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Based on Budget Speech (2020), all internal combustion engine vehicles will be phased out by 2040and an EV early adoption incentive to narrow the upfront cost difference between an EV and an equivalent internal combustion engine vehicle by up to S$20,000, will be introduced.Based on Budget speech(2021), Singapore will set aside S$30 million over the next five years for EV-related initiatives, including measures to improve charging provision at private premises. The government will further waive the minimum Additional Registration Fee of S$5,000 for EVs. The road tax treatment for EVs will be adjusted such that a mass-market electric car will pay road tax comparable to an internal combustion engine equivalent.Based on the Singapore Green Plan 2030, all newly registered cars are to be of cleaner energy models and Singapore aims to build 60,000 charging points by 2030.

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The Ministry of Transport has slowly begun its process of integrating sustainable alternatives to the current transportation system. The ministry has been leaning towards eco-friendly policies and has allowed the general public to slowly adjust and adapt to current situations. The government is strongly supporting eco-sustainable methods and are open to exploring different options to build towards a greener future.

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Effects of vehicles on Climate Change

Interests of general public

Characteristics of electric vehicles

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The general public may feel that the change is unnecessary

Electrical companies will be interested in investing to the cause

Gasoline and oil companies may be against policies intended to support eco-friendly alternatives

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Some, if not most, of the general public may be unable to afford eco-friendly alternatives

Drop in domestic and global markets regarding the oil and vehicle manufacturing sectors

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General public

Car owners

Car manufacturers

Petrol and oil companies

Environmental activists

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“We are officers from MOT/LTA. We would like to use this meeting to gather your thoughts and feedback concerning the move to enforce the use of EVs starting 2040. So, we invite all to share your views on this move ….”

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https://docs.google.com/document/d/1linmGdbSZtMKkDmmBmsYtUtOt-8C36v0iBngoGJX6kE/edit?usp=sharing