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What are the Six Kingdoms?

All life on the planet Earth can be separated into six so-called kingdoms. If something on earth is alive, it's part of one of these kingdoms. These aren't literal monarchies, with a king or queen. They're more like parts of the wider plant and animal kingdom of Earth. The six kingdoms are archaebacteria, eubacteria, protista, fungi, plantae, and animalia.

Archaebacteria are a group of microscopic organisms first discovered in the 1970s. Often called extremophiles, they are found in extremely hot, alkaline, or acidic places, where we thought life couldn't exist. Examples include methanogens, and thermophiles.

Eubacteria are lifeforms that are made up of a single cell with a rigid cell wall. What most people simply call bacteria are part of the kingdom eubacteria. You'll find them all over the place. They even live inside your gut, helping you digest food.

Protista are another organism made up of a single cell, or colony of similar cells. These kinds of organisms are found in water, and include most kinds of parasite, but also algae, and plankton. So they're basically fish food. Protista can sometimes seem to act quite like animals, moving independently and hunting for food.

Fungi are organisms like yeasts and molds that can be single or multi-celled. Larger forms of fungi produce extended forms, like mushrooms, and generally make use of rotting or dissolved matter. It might not sound very appetizing, but we can thank fungi for bread, beer, and most dairy products.

Plantae are large, multi-cell, and multi-tissue organisms that have a fixed location and usually grow out of the ground. They include trees, shrubs, flowers, and grasses, but also lots of the foods we eat.

Animalia are large, multi-cell, multi-tissue organisms that are able to move spontaneously and independently, either for periods of their life or throughout their life. They include insects, mammals, birds, reptiles, and amphibians. This is the kingdom in which we find ourselves: humans.

Modes of Nutrition

One thing that separates the six kingdoms that we haven't talked about so far is the way they produce or harness energy; their mode of nutrition. Lifeforms on earth can absorb energy from the light of the sun, by eating plants and animals, or by absorbing rotten or dead matter. Lifeforms that can create their own energy from inorganic materials are called autotrophs, and those that get their energy from other organisms are called heterotrophs. Let's go through each of the kingdoms again, and talk about the ways that they find nutrition.

Archaebacteria's modes of nutrition are probably the strangest, since they live in such strange places. The chemicals they are exposed to are quite different from other parts of the world, but they find ways to create energy from them. These involve direct absorption, chemosynthesis (creating energy from chemicals through chemical reactions), and other unusual methods like using small amounts of sunlight to create proton gradients.

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modes of nutrition in the six kingdoms - video & lesson transcript | study.com

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Modes of Nutrition in The Six Kingdoms - Video & Lesson Transcript | Study.com

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All life on the planet Earth can be separated into six so-called kingdoms. If something on earth is alive, it's part of one of these kingdoms. These aren't literal monarchies, with a king or queen. They're more like parts of the wider plant and animal kingdom of Earth.

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Protists are plants such as algae and fungus. Protists use absorption. photosynthesis, and ingestion to get proper nutrition.

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Archaea can be either Autotrophic or heterotrophic so they can eat other organisms or eat food it made itself.

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The Plantae have chloroplasts which means they get their nutrition from sunlight. In other words photosynthesis

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Mostly heterotrophic species but does have saprobes that eat dead organisms.

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This kingdom is mostly absorptive heterotrophs. They decompose off of dead organic tissue which is their diet.

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Archaea Bacteria Protista Fungi Plantae Animalia

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They mainly consist of Ingestive Heterotrophic organisms that eat other organisms to surivive.