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Hypothesis:

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Hypothesis:

The amount of variation in abortion rates throughout the 50 states is dependent on political view.  Religious attendance will have a significant effect on abortion rates along with political liberality.

We believe that the relationship between the cook.index measurement and abortion rates is positively correlated: the more liberal a state is, the higher the number of abortions in that state.  The less liberal a state is, the lower the abortion rate in that state. We also predict that high religious attendance will have a stronger effect on abortion rates than political ideology.

Our hypothesis was somewhat false, as the slopes of the two lines are nearly parallel and thus religious attendance has less of an effect than we predicted it would have.

Religious attendance of a state has about an equal effect on abortion rates as political ideology, however there is a slightly more significant positive relationship between abortion rates and political ideology in low-attendance states than high attendance.  Religious attendance will shift the slopes (abortion rates per political ideology) so it has a very slight effect outside of political ideology. Overall, however,  we can conclude that political ideology and religious attendance have a nearly equal effect on abortion rates (an additive relationship), and thus our hypothesis was wrong.

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Hypothesis: There will be a stronger correlation between per-capita income and abortion rates when controlling for high vs low urban populated area..

This graph shows the rate of abortion vs per capita income when controlling for high vs low percent urban population. We can see a rise in abortion rates in regard to per capita income, and the effect witnessed is much greater in higher percent urban populated areas.

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Connor Cantrell
Shawn Kirkman
Megan Clayton

Hypothesis: We think that states that are more conservative will have lower abortion rates.
The farther right on either graph you move, the more conservative the state is considered. By holding education constant you see a big difference in abortion rates between states who have higher education rates on average and those who have lower education rates on average. The red line shows a fairly weak trend between abortion rates and how conservative a state is, while the blue line shows quite a strong trend. Both lines have a negative slope therefore proving our hypothesis to be correct. People with conservative views tend to disagree with abortion and that is why we thought there should be a relationship between the abortion rate and conservative rate in the first place. When looking at either graph and seeing what could have caused such a difference we can see that the quality of the education in the state makes a difference. People with lower education may not have the resources or knowledge to help make the decisions on weather or not they want to get an abortion. People with higher education may have learned about abortion during their time in school and thus that shows the abortion rates are higher in states with higher education to begin with.

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Hypothesis: We predict that, as religious importance gets higher, abortion rates will get lower. We also believe that more conservative states will have a lower abortion rate.

Conclusion: According to this graph, the higher the amount of people who consider religion important in a state, the lower the abortion rate in that state is. In addition to this, as states get more conservative, states tend to have lower abortion rates. In religious states, however, abortion rates are not as greatly affected by the political affiliation of a state.

As the graph indicates, a control for the variable of religious importance highlights the strength of the correlation between democratic/ republican states and the abortion rate. The states that have a lower religious importance have a more positive slope, indicating that the more liberal a state, the more abortions are performed. In the states that have high religious importance we see the same correlation, but to a lesser extent.

The findings in this graph generally support our hypothesis because the abortion rate is not as high is religious states and conservative states.

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We believe that if you control for geography, you can explain why some states have high abortion rates and why some states have low abortion rates. We believe that having a high abortion rate is linked to access through having a high urban population that is also ideologically democratic.

We found that there is a strong positive relationship between location and abortion rate and democratic ideology. If you know that a state has a large urban population, according to our scatterplot, there is a high chance that the state also has a high abortion rate. For example, we know that New York has a high urban rate and our data shows that it also has a high abortion rate we believe this is because New York is a blue state which means that there is higher access to abortion. In comparison, Oklahoma has a low abortion rate, a low urban population, and they also are strongly ideologically Republican. This proves our hypothesis that high abortion rate is linked to having an ideologically democratic state. From this scatterplot we can say that there is a positive relationship between abortion rate and urban populations and democratic ideology.

We think that this geographical relationship can be explained by how ideologically democratic the state is. We found the states with a high urban populations tended to be more ideologically democratic and also had a high abortion rate. We believe this is because the democratic party tends to value access to abortion.
Lindsey Cookson
Nicholas Hedenkamp
Kris Kolvereid

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Hypothesis: We hypothesize that abortion rates are higher in Democrats who don't attend  church often.
We anaylzed by looking at the graph, we had attendence of church or religion as a constant variable and looking at variables of politcal parties and abortion rates.that our hypothesis was slightly off in that the higher the frequency the democrat attends church then the higher the abortion rate.

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States will have higher abortion rates if they also have high unemployment not as a result of their education levels. Unemployed people are more likely to have free time but are also likely to have the means to carry a pregnancy to term.

To test this hypothesis, abortion rates will be compared to unemployment rates. It is possible that the level of education in each state could affect the data, as lack of education may be a contributor to unemployment as well as abortion rates. To avoid analyzing skewed data, it will be beneficial to control for education levels. Thus, this hypothesis will be tested by setting abortion rates per state as the dependent variable, unemployment will be the independent variable, and education will be the controlled variable.

In states with lower education levels, higher unemployment rates seemed to result in a slight increase in abortion rates. Interestingly, the unemployment rate in states with a larger educated public had no significant impact on abortion rates. However, those with higher education, despite unemployment having no impact on abortion rates, had a greater abortion rate than any of those states with an undereducated public.

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Team Stat Globetrotters (Jay G., Jason AF, Danny F) 

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Team Stat Globetrotters (Jay G., Jason AF, Danny F) 

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Hypothesis: The higher the church attendance in a given state, the higher the number of restrictions on abortions in that state, which then lower the overall abortion rate.

Analysis: From the data we collected we can see that there are three categories in which restrictions on abortions fall into, low restriction, medium restriction and high amount of restrictions. States that have higher attendance church attendance, tend to have higher amounts of restrictions on abortion. The first graph shows states that have little restrictions in abortion rates and tend to attend church as regularly as the next two graphs. These states also have the highest abortion rates out of any other states. New York, for example has little restriction and church attendance, and has the highest abortion rates of any state. Mississippi and Utah have high church attendance and very low abortion rates, both of them are the highest attendance and lowest abortion rates in their categories (moderate and high restriction respectively)

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Hypothesis: Using political ideology as our control variable, we believe that states with higher education rates will lead to higher abortion rates. We believe this because statistically states with higher education rates are more likely to be more liberal while states with lower education rates tend to be more conservative.

Analysis: TBC

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We chose to examine the relationship between abortion rates and education, and then held constant the number of abortion restrictions per state, shown in color. Our hypothesis was that states with more abortion restrictions would have fewer abortions overall, and states with less college-educated women would have more abortions. We were correct about the restrictions' role, but found that states with more college educated women actually had more abortions. This could be simply due larger populations and urban areas, since the # of abortions is likely to be higher in these states. To take this further, we would like to do a graph on abortion rates, education, and % of urban population to see how things change.

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Question: How does the number of women in public office effect the abortion rates in a state?

Hypothesis: States with a higher percentage of women in public office will in turn have higher abortion rates.

As you can see from the graph we decided to split it into two different graphs to show a clear representation of the amount of women in office compared to their abortion rate.  The higher the urban rate and higher representation of women in office shows the abortion rate to be at it highest.  The blue line is on a steeper angle than the red line because the high urban areas have more availability to facilities to have an abortion. However, what is unclear is whether the higher percentage of women in the legislature or the higher percentage of urbanization is the bigger contributing factor in the abortion rates. Something we would further test is if the percentage of women in the legislature effects the abortion laws.

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Alex, Rebecca, Linda

Hypothesis: Using the percentage of urban population as the control with a high or low standing, we seek to find the reason why states with low religious service attendance are directly correlated to states having higher abortion rates.

Conclusion: The data shows that in areas with a higher urban populations along with lower attendance in religious services have a greater percentage of abortions. In contrast, the rural populations have higher religious attendance and maintain a similar abortion rate.

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Hypothesis: States with a higher population will have higher abortion rates, as there is a larger percentage of political viewpoints that stand more liberal.
Controlling for a third factor such as Ideology, changes your conclusion because the more republican a state is with a medium amount of urbanization the abortion rate is lower than more democratic states with a higher urbanization that has a higher abortion rate.
It is evident that there is a positive relationship between how urban a population is and the abortion rate within that state. Despite the differing political standpoints, as a population increases, the level of urbanization overpowers how Republican state may be. Therefore, the main cause of the amount of variation we see throughout the 50 states is due to the range of population sizes we see in the U.S.

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Hypothesis: The more educated an area is, the less likely it will be to have a high abortion rate because more educated people are more likely to use contraceptions, and therefore will likely have less abortions.

Based on the data given, we can see that as the level of college education rises within a state, so does the abortion rate within the state. In regards to region, it does not seem as relevant as college education in reference to abortion rates. However, there are slight variations by region. For instance, the Southern region has a much higher abortion rate at the exact same level of college education as the Western region. Our theory for this data is that as women are more educated, they are likely to have access to more information in regards to abortions. With access to more information, they are more likely to have one if they deem they need one.

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Jessica Martinez
Yoselin Martin
Megan White

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Why R We Here? (Rachael, Havanna, and Natalie)

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Why R We Here? (Rachael, Havanna, and Natalie)

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Hypothesis: In states with higher democratic voters, abortion rates will be higher.

Conclusion: We initially looked at a plot between the cook index and abortion rates. We could see that there was a relationship between the two, but another variable may also be in effect. When controlling for religious levels (secularism3), we can see that the states with the lowest abortion rates are also the most religious states and conservative states. In middle and secular states, political views are much more important to abortion rates. These graphs have a steeper slope - the more democratic a state gets, the higher their abortion rate is. In religious state, the political view isn't as important to deciding abortion rates, as seen by a flatter slope.

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Hypothesis:  If we test the abortion rates of different states against how liberal the states are while using attendance policy of church as a control,  then we will see an increase of abortion rates as cook index (how liberal a state is)  increases,  but the increase will be less in states with a high church attendance compared to states with low attendance.

In conclusion both how liberal a state is and the attendance policy of church have an effect on the abortion rate of a state. As the percentage of liberals a state is increases so does the abortion rate, which is a positive relation. Now we added in a third variable, which is church attendance, this variable shows that as the number of church attendees increases, the abortion rate increases less as we move right on the graph. The abortion rate still increases when as the state gets more liberal, but less so when there is a larger population that goes to church. The slope of the line with a high church attendance has a smaller slope than the slope of the line that represents the low church attendance. So states who are more liberal but still have a larger population that attend church will have a smaller abortion rate than a liberal state with a small church attendance.

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Les Tabarnaks Graph

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Hypothesis

Due to the reason that conservatives are known to hold abortions in lower standards than liberals, we believe that states with higher concentration of conservatives among their population will have stricter laws regarding having abortions.

Analyzation and Conclusion

According to this graph, we notice a negative correlation between the green and orange line, though the orange line is steeper than the green one due to the fact that orange represents the number of states with less restriction on abortion, and the green line represents the moderate restriction on abortion. In addition, the blue line represents the most severe states who has the greatest restriction on abortion. We can conclude from this graph that as the percentage of concentration of republican increases, so the level of abortion decreases, thus expressing a negative correlation. The only line that isn’t decreasing is the blue line, which makes sense since it represents states with the strictest abortion laws so of course it will remain constant.

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Hypothesis:
States with a high church attendance rate will correlate with a low abortion rate.
Conclusion:
When controlling for the states political leanings, we can see that almost all low abortion rate states are Republican while most high abortion rates are connected to Democratic states. Political ideology and church attendance seem to be strongly correlated as well. A Republican is likely to have a higher church attendance and therefore a lower abortion rate.

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In states with higher liberal population, their abortion rates will be higher.  We found our hypothesis to be wrong.  In democratic states, the more liberal the population, the lower the abortion rate.  In states that are evenly split, the more liberal the population is, the higher the abortion rate.  In republican states, there doesn't appear to be a correlation between abortion rates and the liberal population.

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Hypothesis: The main reason for variation in abortion rates in the 50 states is geography more specifically whether or not states are located in the south. Going off that the variation in education is also related so we believe southern states are less educated and tend to have less abortions. We will hold religion constant to the other variables.

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Hypothesis: States with a higher percentage of religious service attendance typically would have lower abortion rates compared to states with a lower percentage of religious service attendance.

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Hypothesis: States that contain a more religious population (higher church attendance) will have a lower abortion rate compared to highly populated states with a less religious population.

The first graph displays results that do not support our hypothesis. The abortion rate remains the same over a period of increasing church attendance however, these results are collected from urban areas with smaller populations, suggesting the presence of unknown variables such as differing education or political preference. In the second graph there is a strong negative correlation between abortion rates and church attendance within highly populated urban states. A relationship can be drawn between decreasing abortion rates and higher church attendance in these higher populated states; Texas, Utah, and Georgia. States with a more religious population base will be more inclined to reject abortion within communities, creating lower abortion rates.

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Hypothesis: As religious attendance goes up abortion rate will go down.

What we found: The data showed that in rural areas  religious attendance does not correlate with abortions. In urban areas the graph shows that as religious attendance goes up the rate of abortions goes down showing a direct correlation.

Therefore our hypothesis is valid for urban area and invalid for rural areas.

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Hypothesis: Based on religious values that were developed within historical context amongst the Northern and Southern states, southern states were seen as conservatives while the Northern states were more liberal. Based on this statement religion would be biased and would hinder on pro-life action that would create a conservative output within Southern states, but not northern states.

Conclusion: Based on the first graph within religion it did not produce the answers to facilitate our hypothesis. It showed that religion based views on the liberal and conservative states that both were on a decline of support for pro-life actions. Liberal states (blue) were seen on a steep decrease in support while the conservative states (red) were pretty stagnant, but had a small variation in decreased support with pro-life views. This graph did not prove our hypothesis so we took action to looked up college based views within liberal and conservative states. Our second graph, education is represented based on college views within the US. Both conservative and liberal states have grown within consideration of pro-life options within our political system. The blue line, representing liberals, is on an incline within support of pro-life and is based on how historically this system of democrats have liberal approaches towards social issues. While the red line, representing conservatives, is on an incline within support of pro-life due to the social issues contributing to a modern day mindset allowing for more pro-life action even though this line is slowly increasing due to historical context of these southern states being conservative.

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Hypothesis: We believe that abortion rates will be lower amongst those who are more religious, have a lower college education, and live in rural areas.
Findings:

According to our graph, the data shows that our hypothesis is partially correct. We see that in rural areas, our hypothesis does hold. Regardless of education in rural areas, abortion rate increases as religiosity increases; abortion rate and religiosity have a positive correlation in rural areas. However, in urban areas, the data tell us that abortion rate goes down as religiosity increases, indicating an inverse relationship. Also, in urban areas, there is a higher abortion rate amongst states with a higher education. This could possibly be because in urban areas, there is such a high concentration of ideas and cultures, that those who are religious begin to polarize from those who are agnostic, causing their religious beliefs to strengthen. It is also possible that the higher rates of abortion in those who receive a college education could be due to the knowledge about the gestation period and sexual education that is gained over the course of education. Furthermore, it could be that college students want to finish school and start a career before having a child.

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Hypothesis: States which have higher reported religiosity have higher abortion restrictions. This is supported by our graph which shows that regardless of whether a state is more democratic, republican, or evenly split, there is always a fairly strong positive correlation between the reported individual religiosity and the level of restrictive laws on abortion.

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We believe higher religious importance will lead to a lower abortion rate regardless of party association.

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RCH (Ryan, Carly, Harrison)
Hypothesis: We believe religiosity will make abort rates lower in states while lack of religiosity will make abortion rates higher.  Religion is a big reason why many people oppose abortion finding it is against their values.

Conclusion: According to our graph there proves to be a strong correlation between abortion and religion.  This shows that many states that are more religious are going to have a lower abortion rate.  This also points to many small size states having lower abortion rates than bigger ones.  States with larger urban areas will mostly have higher abortion rates than smaller ones. That is why many of the smaller states in the South that are typically more conservative are towards the right. While a state like Texas that is very conservative still has many urban areas with a higher abortion rate and a lower religiosity than the suburban areas.

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We think that states that are more republican or more religious would have less abortions. We expect that states with a higher population of minorities (hispanics and blacks) will have generally more abortions.

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The higher percent of urban population seems to have a positive correlation with abortion rates and college education. Although this positive correlation exists in both high and low urban areas, there is a jump in rate in abortion rate in higher urban areas.

Our Hypothesis was initially that we would see this positive correlation in high urban areas, however we predicted lower rates of abortion with higher education population within lower urban populations.

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Hypothesis: Using political ideology as our control variable, we believe that states with a higher education rate will have higher abortion rates because liberal states are more likely to have less abortion restrictions.

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Hypothesis: States with a higher democratic population tend to have higher abortion rates.

Observations: In the graph above we look at 3 different variables: Cook index, which measures the amount of democrats in a given state (a lower score means fewer democrats), abortion rate, and secularism. As shown the states lower on the cook index tend to be more religious and also have fewer abortions. Whereas, states that have a higher cook index score present a higher abortion rate, and tend to also be more variant in terms of secularism.

Conclusion:This graph defends our hypothesis that states with higher democratic populations tend to have higher abortion rates. The graph shows a relatively strong positive correlation between cook index score and abortion rates.

It is also worth noting that states with middle secularism have a much stronger positive correlation between cook index score and abortion rate, compared to states with low and high secularism. This shows that religion also plays a role in the amount of abortions but not as much as political identity.

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We are trying to examine the relationship between low education levels and high abortion rates. We also want to examine how states with several abortion restrictions play into that

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Hypothesis: States that are more religious would have lower abortion rates. Most religious states would be located in the bible belt in the south. Therefore states in the south that are more religious will have lower abortion rates.

Evaluation: The graph shows the correlation between more religious states and lower abortion rates. However the graph refutes that states in the south would have lower abortion rates. Therefore abortion rates within states are more influenced by religion than geography.

Ryan, Sophia, Aiden

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Question: Is there a correlation between abortion rates and education?

Hypothesis: We believe that the higher the education the higher the abortion rate. We believe this because being more educated provides more capability to have an abortion, as well as to understand the costs of having to care for a child. In addition, higher education could be related to being more independent in the workforce, without relying on children to support you in the future.
Explanation: Undoubtedly, the following graph shows us a correlation between education level and abortion rates in the states. Currently, the higher the education, the slower the rate of abortion according to the line. The same can be said for lower education, where the abortion rate is increasing but at a higher rate than the higher education line. The graph represents that as a state becomes more liberal, as shown by the cook scale, the rate of abortions rises. The graph also helps lead to our conclusion that states with a higher level of education also have higher rates of abortion.

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ab(sin)the (Jackson, Tianah, Joe, Terence)

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ab(sin)the (Jackson, Tianah, Joe, Terence)

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Hypothesis: The more liberal a state is, the fewer restrictions the state has on abortions, producing a higher rate of abortion within a state.
Conclusion: The red line in the graph below shows a great deal of correlation concerning a state's partisanship and its abortion rates, namely how a high score on the cook index for a state (more liberal) coincides with a higher abortion rate. A state's number of abortion restrictions, represented by the blue line, is predictive as well in that states with a high degree of liberalism and abortion will have fewer abortion restrictions.

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Hypothesis: keeping the urban variable constant and having the independent variable be religious attendance and the dependent variable be abortion rates, we expect to see  that as attendance in religion increases, abortion rates decrease in urban areas.

What we found: In high urban areas, the higher religious religious attendance rate is, the lower abortion rates are. In low urban areas, it is relatively constant and religious attendance doesn't influence the abortion rate .

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Question: How does the number of women in public office effect the abortion rates in a state?
Hypothesis: States with a higher percentage of women in public office will in turn have higher abortion rates.

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R we done yet (Blake Curran, Cass Condon)

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R we done yet (Blake Curran, Cass Condon)

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States with more of an urban population have less of church attendance percentage 35% that seems to be correlated with a higher abortion rate. While the rural or low urban population has a consistent abortaion rate with a church attendance that is has mean around 45%.

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Hypothesis:

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With religion held constant, and political views as the independent variable, abortion rate will increase with increased liberalism.

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Question: Does the education level in a state impact the abortion rates?
Hypothesis: With whether or not the state is in the south as the control, the higher the education a state has will result in a lower rate of abortions.
Conclusion: The interaction between the abortion rates and college variables was influenced by whether or not the woman was in a Southern state, depicting a positive correlation.

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States will have higher abortion rates if they also have high unemployment not as a result of their education levels. Unemployed people are more likely to have free time but are also likely to have the means to carry a pregnancy to term.

To test this hypothesis, abortion rates will be compared to unemployment rates. It is possible that the level of education in each state could affect the data, as lack of education may be a contributor to unemployment as well as abortion rates. To avoid analyzing skewed data, it will be beneficial to control for education levels. Thus, this hypothesis will be tested by setting abortion rates per state as the dependent variable, unemployment will be the independent variable, and education will be the controlled variable.

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States will have higher abortion rates in areas with lower education levels and more people who lean liberal

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- Urban population has a positive trend in regards to abortion rates when controlling for education level.

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Question: What's the main variation we see in abortion rates throughout the 50 States?

Hypothesis: Southern states typically are more religious; therefore, will have lower abortion rates than those of northern states. We think religion plays a huge factor in the abortion rates because often more religious people delay having sex for the first time and they are taught in church that abortion is a sin.

Our graph compares the attendance of religious services and the abortion rates throughout the Southern and non-Southern states. Our data shows that a higher percentage of people who attend a religious practice, result in a lower abortion rate. The majority of Southern states are shown to be more religious than non-Southern states. Church participation rates in the South begin at about 35% while non-Southern states’ church participation begin at about 22%. Both Southern and non-Southern states show that as church participation increases abortion rates decrease. In the Southern states as church participation increases there is a drastic decrease in the numbers of abortions taking place. In the states that are not Southern, there is still a correlation between church participation and low abortion rates. For example, Mississippi has about a 60% religious service attendance rate and less than a 10% abortion rate. Though Wyoming isn’t a southern state, they have the lowest abortion rate because they have a low population, making them an outlier. Although Florida is a Southern state, we see that Florida is an outlier because it has a higher abortion rate compared to other Southern states and even non-Southern states. We believe that Florida is made up of many different types of cultures that may affect the rate of abortions. Despite the religious aspects of the state, Florida also has a large party culture in urban settings. These different cultures within Florida may result in some unwanted pregnancies.