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A landmark constitutional law case of the US supreme court.
The Plessy V Ferguson law upheld state racial segregation laws for public facilities under the doctrine of ''separate but equal.''

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Aka the Dred Scott case, a landmark decision by the United States supreme court on US labor law and constitutional law that held ''a negro whose ancestors were imported into the US and sold as slaves.''
The Dred Scott V Sanford case was argued from February 11th to the 14th of 1865, then reargued from December 15th to the  16th of 1865, and was finalized on March 6th, 1857.

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An American politician and lawyer whom served as the 16th president from March 1861 up to his assassination in April 1865.
Abraham Lincoln was the president whom issued the Emancipation Proclamation.

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A runaway slave from Maryland whom led hundreds of slaves to freedom along the underground railroad.
Harriet Tubman saved over 200 slaves while at great risk of being caught and/or killed.

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The 4th chief of justice of the supreme court of the United States.
John Marshall was born on September 24, 1755, in Germantown Virginia.

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A political theorist and the 4th president of the United States.
James Madison was an American Statesman.

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An American founding father and the principle author of the declaration of independence.
Thomas Jefferson was elected as Vice president of the United States, serving under John Adams and then 1800 was elected as third president.

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An English philosopher and physician, known as the ''father of liberalism.''
John Locke was seen as one of the most influential of Enlightenment thinkers.

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George Calvert. First person to dream of a colony in America where catholics and protestants could prosper together.
Lord Baltimore was born in Yorkshire, England and studied at Trinity College in Oxford.

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The former practice of segregating black people in the US.
Jim Crow laws were state laws enforcing racial segregation in the South United States.

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A tax levied on every adult, without reference to income or resources.
In the United States, payment of a poll tax was a prerequisite to the registration for voting in a number of states.

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An agency of the war department set up in 1865 to assist freed slaves obtaining relief, land, jobs, fair treatment, and education.
Freedmen's Bureau formed to aid and protect the newly freed blacks in the South after the Civil War.

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The 15th amendment to the US constitution that prohibits the federal and state government from denying a citizen the right to vote based on that citizen's ''race, color, or previous condition on servitude.''
The 15th amendment was added to the constitution on December 7th, 1868.

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The 14th amendment to the US Constitution that was ratified on July 9, 1868, and granted citizenship to ''all persons born or naturalized in the United States.''
The 14th amendment also referred to newly freed slaves.

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13th amendment to the US Constitution that reads: Sect. 1 neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction.

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The period following the Civil War of rebuilding the United States.
The Reconstruction period was a time of great pain and endless questuions.

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An executive order issued on January  1st, 1863, by president Lincoln freeing the slaves in all portions of the United States not then under Union control.

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The action or act of abolishing a system, practice, or institution.
The Abolition of slavery began in 1833.

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A protestant religious revival movement during the early 19th century in the United States.
The Second Great Awakening began began around 1790.

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The 19th century doctrine or belief that the expansion of the US throughout the American continents was both justified and inevitable.
Manifest Destiny was not simply a cloak for American imperialism and a justification for America's territorial ambition.

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A member of the church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.
Mormon is a religion founded in the US in 1830 by Joseph Smith, Jr.

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The route along which the United States government forced several tribes of Native Americans to migrate to reservations west of the Mississippi River.
The Trail Of Tears occurred from the 1820s, the 1830s, up to the 1840s.

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A principle of US policy, that any intervention by external powers in the politics of the Americas is a potentially hostile act against the US.
The Monroe Doctrine was originated by James Monroe in 1823.

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A land deal between the United States and France.
The Louisiana Purchase was an acquisition of Louisiana Territory.

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Review by the US supreme court of the constitutional validity of a legislative act.
Judicial Review is a courts authority to to examine an executive or legislative act and to invalidate that act if it is contrary to constitutional principles.

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The clause in the first amendment of the US constitution that prohibits the establishment of religion by congress.
The Establishment Clause prohibits the government from making any laws against any religion.

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The accompanying clause with the Establishment Clause of the first amendment to the United States Constitution

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Name of the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution.
The Bill Of Rights was mainly written by James Madison.

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The federal principle or system of government.
Federalism is distinguished from confederalism.

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A diverse coalition of people who opposed ratification of the Constitution.
Anti-federalists were local leaders and never formed alliances across state lines, thus they never formed an actual party.

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A supporter of federalism, supporter of the federal government.
Federalists caused the problem by preventing a plane carrying polling material from taking off.

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An agreement that large and small states reached during the the Constitutional Convention of 1787 that in part defined the legislative structure and representation that each state would have under the United States.
The Great Compromise is another name for the Connecticut Compromise.

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The original constitution of the US, ratified in 1781, which was replaced by the US constitution in 1781.
The Articles Of Confederation was an agreement among all thirteen original states in the United States of America that served as it's first constitution.

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Rights that people supposedly have under natural law.
The Declaration of Independence lists Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of happiness as natural rights.

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The formal statement written by Thomas Jefferson declaring the freedom of the thirteen American colonies from Great Britain.
The declaration of Independence was the document adopted at the Second Continental Congress on July 4th, 1776.

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A political upheaval that took place between 1765 and 1783 during which colonists in the Thirteen American colonies rejected the British monarchy and aristocracy.
The American Revolution overthrew the authority of Great Britain , and founded the United States of America.

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An organization of American colonists that was created in the Thirteen Colonies.
The Sons of Liberty secret society was created to protect the rights of colonists and to fight taxation by the British Government.

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A series of of military engagements between Britain and France in North America between 1754 and 1763.
The French and Indian War was the American phase of the Seven Years War.

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An act of vesting the legislative , executive, and judicial powers of government in separate bodies.
She believed in separation of powers, which is why she joined the protest when the central government seemed to gain a lot of control over the country.

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The Act of enlightening or the state of being enlightened.
The Enlightenment was an intellectual movement which dominated the world of ideas in Europe of the 18th century.