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In my opinion, this is an example of Restraint because the court ruled that the Second Amendment guarantees an individual right to possess firearms independent of service in a state militia and to use firearms for traditionally lawful purposes, including self-defense within the home, therefore, not overturning a previous ruling.

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This was the first time the Supreme Court interpreted the Second Amendment in terms of what it meant for an individual's right to possess weapons for private uses such as self-defense. The District of Columbia had one of the strictest gun laws in the country. It included a ban on virtually all handguns.

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"Surely it protects a right that can be enforced by individuals. But a conclusion that the Second Amendment protects an individual right does not tell us anything about the scope of that right."

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"The majority, relying upon its view that the Second Amendment seeks to protect a right of personal self-defense, holds that this law violates that Amendment. In my view, it does not."

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Heller:
the Second Amendment guarantees an individual right to possess firearms independent of service in a state militia and to use firearms for traditionally lawful purposes, including self-defense within the home.

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Do the provisions of the District of Columbia Code that restrict the licensing of handguns and require licensed firearms kept in the home to be kept nonfunctional violate the Second Amendment?

Answer:
The Court held that the first clause of the Second Amendment that references a “militia” is a prefatory clause that does not limit the operative clause of the Amendment.

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Petitioner's reason for bringing case to Supreme Court:

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Petitioner's reason for bringing case to Supreme Court:

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Referring to the 2nd Amendment, the right to bear arms is considered to be militia-related.

Respondent's counter argument:
"If it is limited to State militias, why would they say "the right of the people"?"

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United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit
Ruling: Heller

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Richard Heller, a security guard who lived in D.C. and carried a gun for work, was not allowed to have a gun at home, due to the city's laws.The Supreme Court held that the Second Amendment guaranteed an individual's right to possess a firearm at home for self-defense.

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Associate Justices:
John P. Stevens · Antonin Scalia Anthony Kennedy · David Souter Clarence Thomas · Ruth Bader Ginsburg Stephen Breyer · Samuel Alito