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Carlos IV became King in 1788 before of the French Revolution.

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Was the French Revolution. It was a social and polítical conflict.

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War of Independence begins reing of José Bonaparte.
This caused an uprising in Madrid on 2 May 1808 and the War of Independence began.

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Mutiny of Aranjuez First reign of Fernando VII
Carlos IV's son Fernando VII, opposed this agreement. He led the Mutiny of Aranjuez in 1808 against Godoy. Carlos abdicate on his son.

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The Constitution of Cádiz.
In 1810, Cádiz was the only place not controlled by the French people.
The constitutionwas signed on 19 of March 1812

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During the Spanish War of Independence, many people in the colonies began to feel less loyalty to Spain and wanted to create their own countris.

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Absolutism: When Fernando VII returned from prision in France, the Spanish people were happy because in meant the end of French rule. In 1814, Fernando VII made the Constitution of 1812 illegal.

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Liberal Triennium: Rafael de Riego, was a liberal military, who wasn't happy with the changes made of Fernando so he led a rebellion in 1820.

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Ominous Decade: Fernando VII revoked the constitution of 1812 for the second time and a period of repression against thr liberal began. Salic law only permited male members, Isabel to rule instead of his brother Carlos.

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When Fernando died, Isabel was only three years old. Isabel's mother, María Cristina of Bourbon, and General Espartero ruled as regents until she become  Queen Isabel II at age13.

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People in upper class were powerful, wealthy and has less property. The nobility and a new group called the bourgeoisie.

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Was not as wealthy and had less property and income than the upper class.

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Included agricultura  and facrory workers. Members of this class worked in terrible conditions.

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During Isabel II's reing, Spain became a parliamentary monarchy. However, two strong military, Narváez O'Donnell, did support her
General Juan Prim took control of the goverment and sent the Queen into exile in 1868.

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Two years after Isabel II's exile Amadeo was king of Spain. Was not accepted in Spain. Cralists, Alfonsoists(supporters of Isabel II's son, Alfonso) were opposed him. Amadeo's reign was complicated by the Cuban revolution. Amadeo abdicate in 1873.

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After Amadeo abdicated, the Parliament declared Spain in a republic on 11 February 1873. The first republic had four presidents in only 11 months and three simultaneos civil wars.
General Juan Pavís led a coup d'etat on 3 January 1874 to try to end the republic.

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In late 1874, General Martínez Campos restored the monarchy to the Bourbons. At this time, only two official political parties were permited: the Conservatives and the Liberals. There were two key political figures during this time: Antonio Cánovas del Castillo ( leader of the Conservatives) and Práxedes Mateo Sagasta ( leader of the Liberals).

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Alfonso XII died in 1885. His wife, María Cristina, acted as regent for their son, Alfonso XIII. In 1898, Spain lost hol is colonies out of Africa, including Cuba, Puerto Rico and the Philippines.

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Francisco de Goya was an artist in the 18th and 19th centuries. His worka are divided into three different periods that reflect what was happening at the time.

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In the first period, Goya painted pictures of the leisure activities as well painted portraits of the royal family. Goya's paintings from his firts period were full of color and happines. One of his works of art was the Parasol (1777)

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In the second period the paintings changed and became darker. This paintings were habout wars because began with the War if the Independence. One of his works were like the 2nd of May

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In the third period, Goya's painted his Black Paintings . He use dark colours and often show sinister or unhappy themes. One of his works was Saturn (1820-1823)

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In 1902 when Alfonso XII was 16 years he became king of Spain.

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1902-1923. Under Alfonso XIII's rule, the goverment tried to modernise politics, society and the economy that was called regenerationism.

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1923-1930. Many people were unhappy with the goverment and tye situation in Spain. In 1923 Primo de Rivera organised a coup with the support of Alfonso and he established  a dictatorship.