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Brian Doyle, author of "Joyas Voladoras", was a Canadian writer who discusses life and death, love and loneliness, most likely based off of personal life experiences.

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Doyle's purpose is to inform the audience of the best and worst types of love. Doyle executes his purpose by expressing hummingbird's ability to fly "more than five hundred miles without pausing to rest", then when it does cool down, their hearts start to stop if not in a warm area.

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The intended audience of "Joyas Voladoras" are people going into relationships with a  partner. Doyle emphasizes the excitement new relationships have when writing about how fast hummingbirds hearts beat.

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Doyle could have been in a relationship while creating this essay. This is based off of the fourth paragraph, which talks about being nurtured by someone and being close with them.

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Experiences in Doyle"s life like love, seperation, past relationships and death, could contribute to inspiration for writing this essay. Many times a certain situation could encourage a writer to create something meaningful.

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Doyle compares & contrasts life and death in this essay, he also uses a chronological pattern in the first and second paragraphs. Lastly, Doyle uses advantage- disadvantage patterns while discussing humming birds hearts.

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Features (devices - figurative & syntactical, word choice, sentence structure)

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Features (devices - figurative & syntactical, word choice, sentence structure)

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The author uses metaphors such as "the animals with the largest hearts in the world generally travel in pairs". The author also uses vivid description in the second paragraph.

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The author appeals to the reader by using pathos in his text. When expressing what occurs once the hummingbird comes to a rest the audience sympathizes with the creature, "But when they rest they come close to death: on frigid nights, or when they are starving, they retreat into torpor, their metabolic rate slowing to a fifteenth of their normal sleep rate, their hearts sludging nearly to a halt, barely beating, and if they are not soon warmed, if they do not soon find that which is sweet, their hearts grow cold, and they cease to be". (P. 2)

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This essay has a romantic tone to it, love is spread throughout the entirety of the essay with mentions of hearts, warmth, and nurturing creatures.