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The Livens Large Gallery Flame Projector in action. Author Unknown.

This source is an image of a Flame Projector in action during WW1. These large machines were buried underground and had flames thrown from a pipe coming up from the ground. This source would be useful to a historian as it shows how desperate they became with their attempt to succeed as flame throwers weren't that strong or powerful in comparison to big machine guns. Although they killed many people, they most commonly just cause burns which wouldn't harm the enemy that much. It os reliable as it is an image from the time of the war and gives an accurate depiction of what they looked like in action.

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When: 1917

Where: Ypres

What is it about: It shows a tank going into an area near the Ypres battle field. The source shows us the conditions in which the tanks had to travel through and that it could travel in places where it would be extremely hard for soldiers.

This source gives evidence of how technology changed over the period of the war and that they were able to create weapons so eliminate certain disadvantages. The source  give evidence of the advantages tanks provided and that large soldiers no longer need to die on no mans land. It shows us that the tanks had the ability to drive in tough conditions like the muddy ground at the Western Front and that they could easily drive from one oppositions trenches to the others.

This source is reliable as it was made during the war at Ypres in 1917  and it comes from the Australian War Memorial  and government website. The Australian War Memorial would not produce a source that is not reliable as it would show the audience false information about the war. We can see from the photo that  the environment in the photo, especially the ground, is accurately matches the descriptions f the Western Front. People would not to this much effort to produce a photo.

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Ernst Toller, I Was a German (1933)

A subaltern was watching through his glasses.

"See those Frenchies" he asked.

"Yes, sir." "Let's tickle them up! Range twenty-two hundred," he cried to the telephonist.

And "Twenty-two hundred," echoed the telephonist.

I kept my eyes glued to the glasses. My head was in a whirl, and I was trembling with excitement, surrendered to the passion of the moment like a gambler, like a hunter. My hands shook and my heart pounded wildly. The air was filled with a sudden high-pitched whine, and a brown cloud of dust dimmed my field of vision.

The French soldiers scattered, rushed for shelter; but not all of them. Some lay dead or wounded. "Direct hit!" cried the subaltern.

Analysis

This source was found on the website http://spartacus-educational.com/FWWartillery.htm. This source was created by Ernst Toller in 1933. It is about the Germans power over the French because of their use of artillery guns in the war.

The historian could use it to show evidence of the German’s use of artillery being of assistance in the French having a higher death rate than the German’s in the battles against one another.

This source is reliable because it was written by Ernst Toller who joined the German army in 1914 during World war 1. In 1919 Toller, an Independent Socialist, was elected president of the Central Committee of the revolutionary Bavarian Soviet Republic. However, this source could be biased towards the German’s as he fought with Germany.

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The first source is a quote from Leo Van Bergen from alphahistory.com. He talks about the psychological effects on those who had to handle flame throwers as well as the physical effects. This source could be useful to a historian as it implies that the Army Officials may have gotten desperate in defence and let any soldiers be in charge of the flame throwers as it suggests some of the soldiers were not prepared to be handling this equipment and became their own victims. It also shows how the commanders had no regard for the lives of their soldiers as they didn't mind if they killed themselves with the flame throwers because they could just send in more soldiers. They also never ventured onto the fighting plains themselves so they wouldn't realise the harsh effects these weapons had on the soldiers. This source is reliable because it has been made by a credited historian who would have had access to many libraries and other resources, in which he would have been able to conduct thorough research. He also wouldn't have released a false statement about something as important as WW1 as it would dis-credit his reputation.

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The source was from history.com and was an excerpt from an American soldier who had written many letters home. It describes his experiences with being struck by a shell containing mustard gas when he was fighting on the Western Front in Verdun. It could be quite useful to a historian as it gives evidence to what would happen if you got struck by the poisonous gas and it explains the effects it has on the body. This source would be considered reliable as it is a first-hand written account from a soldier fighting at the time and it explains how the gas meant that the soldier struggled to breathe.

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“The psychological effects were comparable to those of gas, and that was not all the two had in common. Just as many soldiers became the victims of their own gas, the flame-thrower gave a new slant to the term ‘friendly fire’… The weapon became extremely hazardous for those using it.”

Leo van Bergen, historian

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The basic idea of a flamethrower is to spread fire by launching burning fuel. The flamethrower, which brought terror to French and British soldiers when used by the German army in the early phases of the First World War.

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A colourless liquid which causes severe irritation and blistering to the skin

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The Great War at Home and Abroad: The World War I Diaries and Letters of W. Stull Holt (1999).
“Something hit me on the head, making a big dent in my helmet and raising a bump on my head. If it hadn’t been for my helmet my head would have been cracked. As it was I was dazed, knocked down and my gas mask knocked off. I got several breathes [sic] of the strong solution right from the shell before it got diluted with much air. If it hadn’t been for the fellow with me I probably wouldn’t be writing this letter because I couldn’t see, my eyes were running water and burning, so was my nose and I could hardly breathe. I gasped, choked and felt the extreme terror of the man who goes under in the water and will clutch at a straw. The fellow with me grabbed me and led me the hundred yards or so to the post where the doctor gave me a little stuff and where I became alright again in a few hours except that I was a little intoxicated from the gas for a while. I had other close calls but that was the closest and shook me up most. I think the hardest thing I did was to go back again alone the next night. I had to call myself names before I got up nerve enough.”