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Functionalism is a macro structural theory, it focuses on the needs of society as a whole and how these needs shape the main features of society.

It sees society as based on consensus (agreement) among its members about goals and rules.

functionalists believe that we can obtain true knowledge of how society functions and use this knowledge to improve society.

Functionalists often use the organic analogy, viewing society as a biological organism - all parts need to be healthy in order for society to run smoothly.

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functionalism is a macro

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Macro Approach

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Micro Apprpoach

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We can divide sociology into two broad types: structural theories and action theories.

Structural theories such as functionalism and Marxism are MACRO, top down and deterministic. They see society as a real think having the power to influence our ideas and behaviour . Individuals are like puppets manipulated by society, so in order to understand peoples behaviour we also need to understand the society that shapes it.

Action theories are from an opposite position, they are micro, bottom up approaches. They focus on the actions and interactions of individuals. These theories are volunturistic and believe that we have free will and choice in how we behave. our actions are not shaped by society.

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Most sociological theories you have looked at so far can be placed under modernism (functionalism, Marxism, Feminism)
these theories are part of the enlightenment project- the belief that society can progress through the use of human reason. Rationality and science will enable us to discover true knowledge about the world. Modernist theories aim to explain the workings of modern society and to identify the direction it should take if it is to progress.

Postmodernism emerged in the 1970's. Postmodernists argue that we are living in a new era of post-modernity. Post-modernity is an unstable fragmented, media saturated global village. In such a society image and reality are indistinguishable. In a postmodern society we define ourselves by what we consume. It is not a continuation of modernity but a fundamental break with it. new theories are needed to understand this type of society.

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Marxism - watch the clip and define all key terms

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Marxism - watch the clip and define all key terms

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vz3eOb6Yl1s ��D

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Feminism- watch the clip below and define all key terms.

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Feminism- watch the clip below and define all key terms.

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Watch youtube clip: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LHPOLSywdi0

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You will find all the clips and links you need for your summer homework below. 

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You will find all the clips and links you need for your summer homework below. 

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Watch
this
YouTube clip of The Adjustment Bureau Trailer: link to functionalism 

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Watch
this
YouTube clip of The Adjustment Bureau Trailer: link to functionalism 

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3.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wZJ0TP4nTaEdsmm

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The sociological theory of Functionalism