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Finish brain projects and prepare for exams

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Practice for diagram quiz and break down sleep stages

There are five stages in a sleep cycle which are NREM 1, NREM 2, NREM 3, NREM 4, and NREM.

In NREM 1, our heart rate and blood pressure decrease and our body temperature drops and our brain activity show Beta to Alpha to Theta waves. In NREM 2, our heart rate and breathing slow even more and our brain activity show sleep spindles. In NREM 3 and 4, growth hormones are released and our body rejuvenates and our brain activity shows an increased amount of delta waves. And finally in REM there is rapid eye movement (REM), our heart rate and breathing increase, and we dream.

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Explain the difference between the 2 hemispheres and begin sleep

1. Why do we sleep?
-To allow our cells and neurons to repair themselves and to grow

2. How long is the sleep cycle?
-5 stages
Can you name the correct order of the sleep cycle?
-NREM 1, NREM 2, NREM 3, NREM 4, REM
Stage 4 and 3 start to disappear the longer you sleep

3. What stage do we dream?
-REM

4. Manifest content are the dreams you remember and latent content are the dreams that have deep inner meanings

5.

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Explain the function of the left and right hemispheres and understand a split brain person

1. Corpus Callosum, it connects the two hemispheres of the brain and allows them to communicate with each other

2. Explain the opposition that occurs between the brain and the body
-The motor cortexes are working independently and not together because the corpus callosum is severed and the two hemispheres are working independently

-Words that are flashed on the left visual field to the right hemisphere can only be drawn and not communicated

3. I would rather not have my right hemisphere because the left hemisphere can see, think, and communicate ideas while the right hemisphere and see and think about things but cannot communicate them.

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Understand the endocrine system and the influence of drugs on the body

- The endocrine system is the body's slow chemical communications system because the chemicals and hormones released from this system take longer to reach its destination but has a longer lasting effect. It contains a set of glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream.

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Understand the lobes of the brain with fruit

Using the frontal lobe as evidence, what does it mean to be human?

-To be human means to have your own unique personality due to the frontal lobe. It also means to be able to use logic to work through things because your frontal lobe controls logic. It means to be able to solve problems and work with others to quickly and efficiently face challenges.

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Understand the parts of the hindbrain with broccoli

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Identify the different parts of the brain

QOD: How does the findings of Jim's scan and the mind reading discovery help answer theoretical questions in ways that existing measures cannot?

A: They show something that psychologists and neurologists did not know before and that was the exact functions of the left and right hemispheres of the brain. It showed that the left hemisphere is responsible for logic, reasoning, science, and math while your right hemisphere is responsible for creativity, facial recognition, and attention.

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Identify the different brain imaging techniques

EEG: amplified recording of the waves of electrical sweeping across the brain's surface and the waves are measured by placing electrodes on the scalp

CT: series of x-ray photos taken from different angles and combined by a computer into a composite representation of a slice of the brain's structure

PET: visual display of brain activity that detects where a radioactive form of glucose goes while the brain performs a given task

MRI: technique that uses magnetic fields and radio waves to produce computer generated images of soft tissue and shows the brain anatomy

fMRI: technique for revealing bloodflow and brain activity by comparing successive MRI scans (show brain function as well as structure).

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Identify the different types of neurotransmitters and be ready for my neuron quiz

Acetylcholine (Ach)
-Excitatory
-Movement, arousal, attention, memory
-Too much: spasms
-Too little: Paralysis

Dopamine
-Inhibitory
-Emotions and pleasure, involuntary movements
-Too much: Schizophrenia
-Too little: Parkinson's

Serotonin
-Inhibotory
-Activity levels, sleep modd, eating
-Too much: Euphoria, muscle twitching
-Too little: Sleeplessness and depression

Norepinephrine
-Ecititory
-Arousal, wakefulness, learning, memory
-Too much: Arousal and anxiety
-Too little: memory impairment, depression

Endorphins
-Inhibitory
-Inhibits pain message
-Too much: No pain
-Too little: increase in pain

GABA (Gamma Amino-Butric Acid)
-Inhibits neurons from firing
-Increases sleep and relaxation
-Too much: Shortness of breath
-Too little: anxiety, seizures

Agonist: mimics neurotransmitter, fitting inot the receptor site and exciting the site. (morphine mimics endorphins, stimulating modd and pain sensation)

Antagonist: fits into receptor site but is not similar enough to stimulate it. Instead it BLOCKS or inghibits the function of that neurotransmitter receptor. (Botulin, a poison that paralyzes you by blocking ACH receptors involved in muscle movement)

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I can understand the process of neurotransmission, parts of a neuron, and create a group model of neurotransmission

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I can discuss nature vs. nurture debate in the biological perspective

-Nature vs. nurture is an argument about how people believe that biology relates to how people behave or how behavior is developed through life experiences