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Genes have instructions on making proteins, which are vital. Proteins work inside our cells and body. Thousands of genes make up chromosomes. There are segments of non-coding DNA between genes

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A total of 46 chromosome in body cells, 23 come from the mother (egg) & 23 come from the father (sperm). Cells are copied to create other cells which all have 23 pairs.

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DNA base pairs include thymine (T), adenine (A), cytosine (C) and guanine (G)

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Around the 1940s,  DNA was thought to be composed of 4 types of sub-units, in the 1950s, it was found that it has 2 strands of the polymer wound into a helix. DNA contains genes.

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Hydrogen bonds hold the 2 chains together. Nucleotides are composed of five- carbon sugars which are attached to one or more phosphate groups and nitrogen-containing base

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Consists of 2 long polynucleotide chains of 4 types of nucleotide subunits. Each chain is known as DNA chain & DNA strand

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It was found that DNA was double stranded which was crucial to making the structure of DNA