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The period of late childhood is usually ranged from 6 years old until 12 years old.

There are some changes happening within the period and the most significant one is puberty. Children who do not have basic knowledge on how to handle this will actually get panic, especially girls. It is the beginning of the process of growth.

According to Freud’s theory, this is the latent stage which the children have no sexual motivation and actually prefer to be friends with the same gender.

A good ws observable as it is, most of them will also build a circle of friends or a gang during this period and thus, that is why the most outstanding issue that we can see in our surrounding nowadays is bully.

“Help your brother, whether he is an oppressor or he is oppressed.” The Prophet was asked: “It is right to help him if he is oppressed, but how should we help him if he is an oppressor?” He replied: “By preventing him from oppressing others.” (Ṣahīh Bukhāri, Volume 3, Ḥadīth 624)

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Syamil Sofiah Hussin G1722722
Noor Najwa Baharuddin G1729584
Anxiety in choosing their career pathways.

Regardless of whether they choose to be in college or straightaway land a job, those at this stage would normally get anxious as they do not really know what they want to do.

This causes them to make decisions based on their social surroundings, i.e. parents or peers, despite not really having the interest in it.

The Prophet (pbuh) said : “Take benefit of five before five : your youth before old age, your health before sickness, your health before sickness, your wealth before your poverty, your free-time before your preoccupation, and your life before your death.” (Hakim)

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Abortion
A statement by the Minister of Health of Malaysia, in which he threatened investigation and prosecution of anyone selling or purchasing medical abortion pills online, was widely reported in the press.

In response, the Reproductive Rights Advocacy Alliance Malaysia’s said: “We recognise the proliferation of many unethical sellers of medical abortion pills, but the proposed action by the Minister may also end up threatening the provision of genuine non-profit suppliers such as Women on Web, Women Help Women and Safe2Choose.

“Mifepristone has not been approved in Malaysia. But off-label use of misoprostol for medical abortion and for softening the cervix before manual vacuum aspiration abortion is common.

“Six months ago, the Ministry pressured Pfizer to stop supplying misoprostol in Malaysia, thus preventing abortion providers from using it. We are uncertain how effective  the Customs department will be, but we expect most of the supplies will still get through. But if a prosecution takes place, it will be a real threat to continuing access.”

The newspaper article, published on 16 January, was entitled: “Health Minister concerned over abortion pills”. The Minister, Datuk Seri S Subramaniam, is reported as saying that in Malaysia, these pills require a doctor’s prescription, and are for “specific purposes”. For internet sales domestically, he believed they could be detected and action taken against offenders. However, he is also quoted as saying that it is difficult to detect when orders are placed online for purchases from abroad. He said the Health Ministry was working with the Customs Department and police to detect packages containing such pills and also to establish whether the pills were being sold locally.

The article also states that misoprostol is easily available online and a common discussion topic in certain chatrooms, especially those related to “how to get a safe abortion”.

The Reproductive Rights Advocacy Alliance Malaysia’s says: “The only logical and effective step to cut out the demand for online abortion pills… is to fast-track the approval and supply of both these medications to doctors so that they can be legally prescribed to clients after a proper assessment, as proposed by the Minister.”

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Infancy happen when the baby is in their early babyhood or at a very early stage.
During this infancy period is often called as the crucial period of the process of development of a child where the bond between mother-baby shows a huge impact in the growth & development of the infant.

Early relationships between mothers and their infants can influence health across the lifespan, for better or worse. For example, adults who report more household dysfunction and abuse during their childhood are more likely to suffer disease as adults. Those with healthy and supportive relationships during early life are better at handling stress and regulating their emotions.

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Nur Hidayati bt Mukhtar
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At the time between 5 until 12 years old, physical changes of puberty might be showing by now, especially for girls. They also start to show more concern about body image, looks.

Emotionally, these children will face peer pressure to use drugs, disciplines issues and so forth. Other challenges that they are likely to suffer are depression, stress, family problem as our current society are more focusing on individual performance be it in education, career or wealth.

At this stage of ages, they have the ability of more complex thoughts. Teens prefer to make more of their own choices about friends, sports, studying and school. They become more independent, with their own personality and interest, however they still in need of their parents’ guidance.

Hadith:
Sunan of Abu-Dawood Hadith 495Narrated by Abdullah ibn Amr ibn al-'As

The Messenger of Allah (saws) said:Command your children to pray when they become seven years old, and enforce (beat) them for it (if they refuse to pray) when they become ten years old.

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Kes pukul anak tak solat di Sweden Anak turut tertekan - Pakar

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Menurut Pakar Psikologi perkara ini bakal mengundang rasa tertekan dan memberi kesan psikologi kepada anak-anak.

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Daniela Urueña Garcia 1613378

The person has a lot of life experience and knowledge to bring and share.

Know as they might go through midlife crisis
They are not too young or too old.

Time to make decisions about the remaining time.

Evidences are that they have a new kind of mindset.

They worry about their health, about how they look.
They start to have problem to recall things.

Islamic view

We should have the attitude, at the age of maturity, to really
prepare, or arganize. How to meet Allah. The conditions.
Quran (46:15)

...till when he attains full strength and
reaches forty years, he says: "My
Lord! Grant me the power and ability
that I may be grateful for Your Favour
which You have bestowed upon me
and upon my parents, and that I may
do righteous good deeds, such as
please You, and make my off-spring
good. Truly, I have turned to You in
repentance, and truly, I am one of
the Muslims (submitting to Your Will)."

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It is the transitional phase of growth and development between childhood and adulthood

Erikson's defines an adolescence as any person between 13 - 20 years old.

Adolescence is a challenging and vulnerable phase of life when children have to deal with profound physical, emotional, sexual and social changes.

Many adolescent face external difficulties related to peer pressure, drugs, sexual exploitation violence, and even natural disasters and emergencies.  Quran 12:103 no matter what you do will not be

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Due to old age and living alone:
-Loneliness
-Depression
Loss of abilities i.e to remember well, to see well etc
-Health Issues: Dementia/ Alzheimer/ Weakening of Senses etc

Quran:
Allah is He Who created you from a state of weakness then He gave strength after weakness, then ordained weakness and hoary hair after strength… (30:54)

Hadith:
Anas ibn Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said,“If a young man honors an elderly on account of his age, Allah appoints someone to honor him in his old age.” (At-Tirmidhi)

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Contact author

he NHS crisis goes on, and its causes are clear: the government's underfunding of the health service, and the eternally overlooked cuts to funding for adult social care provided by local councils, both of which go back to the 2010-15 coalition. Though some voices issue the usual cliched warnings about the NHS being a political football, the Conservatives - and Liberal Democrats - responsible should not be allowed to slip free of the blame.

In the short term, the solutions are clearly a change of government, and more money. But by 2050 one in four of us will be over 65 - and on current projections, such conditions as diabetes, heart disease, arthritis and Alzheimer's will be an everyday fact of vast numbers of lives. If we're not careful, this winter's horrors could be a portent of problems that will get increasingly worse, whoever is in power.

We seem to have a collective aversion to focusing on the realities of an ageing society. Successive governments (and, let's be honest, millions of us too) have shied away from the changes - to our food culture, exercise levels, and more - that might ease a mounting sense of dread about the future. Our health service is actually designed to deal only with illness, and the national debate about social care has so far been locked into a moronic argument about whether people will or won't have to eventually sell their houses.

Besides, for increasing numbers of people, a combination of insecure work and an increasingly punitive and arbitrary benefits system makes the idea of planning for the future look like a sick joke.

But there is an even bigger issue, extending far into the more affluent parts of society, and crystallised in the original definition of ageism coined by the American psychiatrist Robert Butler: "a personal revulsion to and distaste for growing old, disease, disability, and fear of powerlessness, 'uselessness' and death". Far too many of us refuse to consider the prospect of our own advancing years - or, worse still, give any attention to people already dealing with theirs.

Longer lives, clearly, ought to be cause for some celebration

According to the charity Age UK, half a million people over the age of 60 usually spend each day in complete solitude, and nearly half a million more tend not to see or speak to anyone for at least five days in any given week. Half of all people aged 75 or over live alone, 70% of them women. Loneliness and isolation, needless to say, increase people's risk of developing many of the conditions we now see as synonymous with old age, and which might require residential care.

Longer lives clearly ought to be cause for some celebration. For all the challenges associated with getting older, as the rabbi and writer Julia Neuberger put it in her 2008 book Not Dead Yet, the years over 65 should ideally be a time of "coming alive": a stage when we can "take a bit of a risk" or rejoice in being "plain stroppy"; a phase of life, moreover, in which many people can take on ageism by becoming "grey panthers". By the time people of my generation reach later life - and I am 48, so it is not that long off - we will surely have the tools to be a spectacularly assertive lot, wired into online networks.

Yet serious obstacles to this vision remain. One is to do with work, and the need for both an end to "cliff-edge" retirement, and for a culture that might allow something more than the stereotype of an older person either collecting supermarket trolleys or putting in unpaid hours at a charity shop. Another is about how and where we live, and a national trait that does older people no end of harm: the fact that Britain remains a place where home is a byword for retreat and seclusion.

We also seem to cling stubbornly to an ingrained conviction that even manageable need and frailty are always best dealt with by professionals dispatched by the state. Both ideas are embodied in those forlorn clumps of older people's housing you see regularly in small towns: compact, self-contained bungalows and flats, whose designers seem not to have thought seriously about how to promote shared social bonds, or allow people to stay as active as possible.

There is an alternative. Cohousing was invented in Scandinavia, and is now slowly being popularised elsewhere in Europe, and in the US. The idea is simple enough: to quote from the explanatory blurb used by the UK Cohousing Trust, it boils down to "intentional communities" - they tend to number about 25 households - in which each household "has a self-contained, private home as well as shared community space".

If you accept that a big part of how we manage an ageing society will come down to what some people call support networks, here is a possible answer - one that is currently too often frustrated by the economics of housebuilding, hidebound local politicians and housing associations, and what one report calls "a tradition of institutional paternalism in relation to older people and ageism".

There are reckoned to be 19 cohousing projects in the UK that are up and running, with another 60-odd in development. Most of them are multigenerational. But there are a number on the way that are devoted specifically to older people, following the example set by New Ground, in High Barnet, a women-only community founded by the Older Women's Cohousing Group, and built after 20 years of work and struggle (the youngest resident there is 51, the oldest 88).

Later this year, people will start to move into Cannock Mill near Colchester - where 23 older households, split between single people and couples, will live in houses and flats spread around a shared "common house" and allotments. It is almost full, and its waiting list apparently includes forward-thinking people who are currently in their 40s.

"Our aim is to delay the point at which you need to go into care by the way we live," one of the prime movers told me this week. "A lot of illness in old age is related to social isolation. That won't happen to us, because we'll have a permanent community." Homes will be easily adaptable, so as to include extra fixtures - internal lifts, for example - where necessary. The shared space will include a kitchen area and dining space big enough for all the residents to eat together.

I know: thanks to a mixture of unease at the prospect of getting old and the belief that hell is other people, a lot of younger onlookers might recoil. But that is the crux of a very British problem, and it has one pitiful upshot: the fact that our visions of later life are in danger of collapsing into despair, when we ought to be building them on imagination and hope.

* John Harris is a Guardian columnist
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We need to talk about ageing - and it's about far more than the NHS | John Harris

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Contact author he NHS crisis goes on, and its causes are clear: the government's underfunding of the health service, and the eternally overlooked cuts to funding for adult social care provided by local councils, both of which go back to the 2010-15 coalition.