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Cockney is accent under threat as a result of MLE taking over east end of London

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Dialect of youths from variety of backgrounds, research suggests multicultural English strong characteristic of influences. Communities share similar interest

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London Jamaican is new variety popular among new generation speakers born in London's Caribbean communities and Enlgish. Made up of features such as Cockney, Standard English and Jamaican.

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Suggested that there will soon be an understanding repertoire of shared linguistic features, nationwide. Each city will retain own accent features (MUBE)

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South Asains Southall Study; second generation children abandoned pronunciation of parents. Assumed that because there was more acceptance in community as South Asians no longer minority of Southall

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Change in conversation; study which followed L2 english speakers in day to day lives. Mainly followed man called Anwar who used 100% Indian talking to Shri-Lankan maid but 100% british when talking to Cockney mechanic. Code switching.

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An ethnolinguistic repertoire is needed to look at how particular linguistic features are used not sued to perform ethnic identity

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Identified new form of English which started amongst youths of london and spread far beyond called MLE

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Children who use creole will be viewed as stupid when they give an incorrect answer or no answer at all

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Gangsta rap = violent. Criticised BBC radio 1 for playing it and said that it encouraged people to carry guns and knives

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Language choices reflect the ideas relevant to the context,
e.g. standard english at work, creole at home with family members.

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Media representation of ethnic groups are portrayed as bias, violent and stereotyped.

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White varieties of English categorised into dialects but non white dialects bundled into ethnolects

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Relations between black and white teens. A strong link between language identity for youths. Close friendships allowing sociolinguistic violation or norms.

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white 'nerds' exaggerate standard English in order to be distanced from the 'cooler black speech' of their peers

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Creole widely seen as cool and tough

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Code Switching
(- switching between SE and MLE vital to fulfill cultural needs and identity
-Fixing language doesn't fix stereotypes

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stated black people may use creole as resistance if they feel ignored by society

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People often codeswitch to show ethnic identity, dont have to be proficient speakers in second language

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Ethnicity is associated with culture, religion, language and nationality.

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young people are disadvantaged without standard English