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November, 10th 2019

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Wow-Factor Schools: 8 Ways to Build an Awesome School Culture

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Wow-Factor Schools: 8 Ways to Build an Awesome School Culture

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November, 9th 2019

Some school have a positive school that can be seen and felt when school embers feel safe, valued, cared for, anganged and respected, learning measurably increase, and staff satisfaction and retention are enhanced.
The way to cultivate a vibrant school culture are:

1. Live your vision mission.
The mission provides an overview of the steps planned to achieve that future. A vision is concise and easy to recall, whereas a mission is lengthier and more explanatory in nature.

2. Embrace Social-Emotional Learning for teachers and students.
Social-Emotional Learning (SEL) programs can promote academic achievement and positive social behavior, and reduce conduct problems, substance abuse, and emotional distress.

3. Foster a culture of resilience
Building a culture of resilience can begin in the leadership office. School principals and leaders are models for how to react and cope with stress, setbacks, and disputes.

4. Communicate well — and often.
When a school leader ensures that students, staff, and parents are not only informed but have an active voice in their school community, they build a culture of inclusivity, eliminating feelings of distrust, uncertainty, and hostility.

5. Recognize the awesome in your staff.
School staff members work hard to ensure the best possible outcomes and experiences for their students.

6. Recognize the awesome in your students: positive behavior interventions & supports.
Positive Behavior Interventions & Supports, or PBIS, is a way for schools to encourage good behavior with a focus on prevention rather than punishment.

7. Make your school’s brand + community members visible.
When people walk into your school, they should immediately see and feel the school’s culture. This can start with visuals like photographs of staff and students, quotes that represent the school’s beliefs about learning, student work on the walls, or even a mission statement clearly displayed.

8. Remember that every positive word and action matters
Teacher’s lounge culture has a reputation for being toxic with negativity. It’s easy to sit around the copy machine, venting about the latest school policy or a coworker’s failure — or worse: a student’s shortcomings. But negativity is contagious and seeps into a school’s overall culture, soaking into the interactions between all of its members. Students look to school leaders and teachers to model empathy, kindness, and maturity.

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WATCH: Science Says People Who Are Always Late Are More Successful and Live Longer

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WATCH: Science Says People Who Are Always Late Are More Successful and Live Longer

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November, 8th 2019

Being late makes frustrating for others waiting, but apparently there's a silver lining of it. A scientific research reveals that traits of late people can help them live longer nd more productive.

According to "Never Late Again' book by Diana DeLonzor, many late people tend to be both optimistic and unrealistic. They believe that many schedule can be done when they are proven again and again. Even tha optimism reaches far beyond an over-planned schedule. And the optimistic outlook early in life can predict better health and a lower rate of death.

Also, optimism can effect productivity and success. A study shows that optimists salesman can be success to sell 88% than pessimist salesman. It's because of they have a better outlook. Even late people are perfectionist in other works, like can't be on time because they too perfectionist in their home works. But they can do all of their works.

Another reason of being late people is because of they are simply engrossed in another activity, It means that they become a passionate with their subject, which means that can change into long-term success. So when someone is late, they might be working something that enlightening them.

So, for some people, being kate is not entirely their fault, but maybe they have a different sense of time.

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We all have that friend (or maybe, we are that friend) who is late to every single brunch, baby shower, and school board meeting ever put in the calendar and spend most Sundays slinking into the back pew at church hoping not to draw attention. While Southerners pride themselves on good manners, which includes timeliness, some people simply seem incapable of being on time.

While it's certainly a frustrating characteristic both for the people waiting to order lunch until the tardy friend makes their appearance and for the well-intentioned, but perennially late person, turns out there is a silver lining to it. A recent body of scientific work, reveals that the traits that tend to make people late, are the very same traits that can help them live longer and more productive lives.

Science has shown that stress is incredibly bad for overall health. People who are late typically feel less stressed, unconcerned with deadlines, and generally more relaxed. That can lead to lower blood pressure , lower risks of heart disease, greater cardiovascular health, lower risk of , and lower chance of depression, all of which can prolong life.

As Diana DeLonzor wrote in her book, Never Late Again, many late people tend to be both optimistic and unrealistic. That means they truly, deeply believe that they can, say, go for a run, take a shower, stop at the Piggly Wiggly to buy groceries for dinner, pick up the dry cleaning, and still make it on time to pick up the kids from school all in one hour. That is a clearly optimistic schedule, yet many chronically late people truly believe it's possible, even when proven time and again that it's not. That level of optimism reaches far beyond an over-planned schedule, though. According to researchers at Harvard Medical School, "Research tells us that an optimistic outlook early in life can predict better health and a lower rate of death during follow-up periods of 15 to 40 years."

Optimism can also effect productivity and success. A among salesmen revealed that optimists sold 88 percent more than their pessimistic colleagues. They performed better because they have a better outlook.

Similarly, some chronically late people are perfectionists who can't leave the house until the dishwasher is empty and the laundry is folded, according to Dr. Linda Sapadin, a time management specialist and fellow at the American Psychological Association. That may be frustrating trait in a friend, but is a desirable characteristic in an employee and can lead to more successful career.

Another reason that a person may end up perpetually tardy is that they are simply engrossed in another activity and lose track of time. Being passionate about a subject can translate to long-term success, which means late people may end up being very successful. Business leaders like Steve Jobs, Oprah Winfrey, Warren Buffett, and Jeff Bezos have all weighed in on the fact that being truly passionate about your work is the secret to success. So the next time someone is late, ask them what they were working on, it may be enlightening.

Finally, it's important to understand that for some people, lateness is not entirely their fault, because they may have a completely different sense of time than you. A team of scientists put one minute on the clock and asked two different groups of people with Type A (ambitious, driven) or Type B (relaxed, creative) personalities and asked them to guess how much time had passed. Their study revealed that people with Type A personalities guessed that an average of 58 seconds had passed, while those with Type B personalities thought an average of 77 seconds had passed. That 19 second difference in perception could add up quickly leading someone to be very late to lunch.

The next time someone is tardy to the party, keep in mind that they may be happier, healthier, and more productive-and then mull that over while you order an extra appetizer to eat while you wait.

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WATCH: Science Says People Who Are Always Late Are More Successful and Live Longer

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We all have that friend (or maybe, we are that friend) who is late to every single brunch, baby shower, and school board meeting ever put in the calendar and spend most Sundays slinking into the back pew at church hoping not to draw attention.

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November, 7th 2019

Getting enough sleep each day is one of the important things can do for good health and reducing risks for ill-health. It can make feel better, more alert, energetic, and better able to concentrate and perform daily tasks.

When we are sleeping,  many important functions happen in the body and help body in physical recovery and repair., support brain development, cardiac functions, and  body metabolism. Sleeping will also can improving memory and mood.

Babies and children need more sleeping than adults. Without enough sleep we might have problems with thinking, concentration, memory, reaction times and mood. Even poor sleep regularly can makes a a long-term problem health, such as:
1. obesity
2. type 2 diabetes
3. cardiovascular disease
4. poor mental health

Our sleep is controlled by two interacting systems, sleep drive and body clock. Sleep drive processes which balance out time awake with periods of sleep, like when awake for long time, it processes to appear sleepy feel and to help sleep long enough. Body clock refers to Circadian Rhythms that are created by our central nervous system and control a lot of our biological process such as sleep, as well as body temperature and hormone activity. If circadian rhythms are disrupted it can interfere sleep

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Breadcrumbs

Sleeping well makes us feel better, more alert, energetic, and better able to concentrate and perform our daily tasks. Getting enough sleep each day is one of the most important things you can do for your health and wellbeing and to reduce your risk for ill-health.

Why sleep is important

It is well known that sleep is an important biological function essential for life. While we sleep many important functions take place that help the body in physical recovery and repair, support brain development, cardiac function and body metabolism, as well as support learning, improving memory and mood. Sleep is especially important for children playing an important role in growth and overall health and babies and children need much more sleep than adults.

Without enough sleep we are more likely to have problems with thinking, concentration, memory, reaction times and mood, all of which make it harder to perform our daily tasks and increase the risks of mistakes and accidents. Regular insufficient or poor sleep contributes to long-term health problems such as;

Obesity

Type 2 diabetes

Cardiovascular disease

Poor mental health.

For more information visit the Harvard sleep and disease risk page.

How sleep works

Sleep is a state of reduced consciousness, but one which we can be easily wakened. When we sleep our brains remain active, although activity levels vary throughout the course of sleep along with other physiological functions, such as body temperature, breathing and heart rate.

Sleep Drive and our Body Clock

Our sleep is controlled by two interacting systems:

Homeostatic sleep drive processes which balance out time awake with periods of sleep.In other words, when we have been awake for a long period, this process ensures we feel sleepy and helps us sleep long enough to make up for the time we are awake.

Body Clockis the name often used to refer to Circadian Rhythms. Circadian rhythms are created by our central nervous system and control a lot of our biological process such as sleep, as well as body temperature and hormone activity. Our circadian rhythms are also synchronised with the 24-hour cycle of light and dark resulting in our normal pattern of night-time sleep.

If our circadian rhythms are disrupted it can interfere with our sleep. For example, Jet Lag occurs when our circadian rhythms are disrupted by long-distance flying.

Sleep cycles

Sleep is divided into different periods of light and deep sleep across the night. These occur in cycles of about 90 minutes. Each cycle includes periods of non-REM sleep, ranging from light to deep sleep, and REM (Rapid Eye Movement) sleep when our brains are more active and dreams occur.

For more information read the Sleep facts and hygiene fact sheet (PDF 62KB).

Sleep cycles are different for older and younger people. Sleep cycles can be affected by a number of things such as disruption to your body clock (circadian rhythms), too much day-time napping, stress, exercise or too much exposure to bright light prior to usual bed time.

For more information visit the Harvard sleep patterns page.

Further information

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Breadcrumbs Sleeping well makes us feel better, more alert, energetic, and better able to concentrate and perform our daily tasks. Getting enough sleep each day is one of the most important things you can do for your health and wellbeing and to reduce your risk for ill-health.

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November, 6th 2019

The art of living well is to make your life an expression of who you are, what you believes, hopes, dreams, and desires.

The differences between living well and just living would be analogous like preparing a  meal. For just living is like when we are hungry. we will eat without considering the nutritions, taste, or visual appeal from that dish to fill your tummy. But when we prepare a pleasing, nutritions, and tasty meal, of course it requires more thought, imagination, planning, and work, but the result  will be better. That's a living well.

The way to make your life  a work of art:
1. Make each moment count and live it to the fullest.
2. Express yourself and create the life you want.
3. Establish an open, accepting and appreciative mindset.
4. Be who you are and go after what you want.
5. Have a solid personal foundation balanced with relationships with family, friends and the community.

You know you are living well when you:
1. wake up in the morning and can't wait for the adventure that lies ahead of you.
2. are optimistic, cheerful and confident.
3. are interested in and want to contribute to others and the world around you.
4. Focus on the good things in your life and improve on what's not working.
5. are aware, appreciative and engaged in life
6. turn obstacles into opportunities
7. seize each moment.

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Think about it - there is an art to everything and living well is no exception. Of any art, this would be the one to master since it encompasses all the others.

The art of living well is to make your life an expression of who you are, what you believe, and your hopes, dreams and desires.

Of course, to create your life as a work of art is an ongoing, evolving, and creative endeavor. And so it should be.

The difference between living well and just living would be analogous to preparing a meal.

When you're hungry you can just throw something together from whatever is handy without considering the nutritional value, taste, or visual appeal of the dish. You can shove something down that fills your tummy and satisfies your immediate appetite.

Or, you can prepare a pleasing, nutritious, tasty meal that not only satisfies your visual and practical needs, but also makes it a joy to experience.

Of course, the second meal requires more thought, planning, imagination and work, in general, but the rewards are exceedingly greater on every level.

So it is with life. You could live it indiscriminately not paying attention to anything in particular, or you can make it a delicious, nutritious treat.

How to make your life a work of art:

1. Make each moment count and live it to the fullest. When you get up in the morning decide to welcome all the challenges and delights each day brings.
Be aware that everything you experience contributes to your knowledge, enjoyment and understanding of life.

Every activity can have meaning and purpose and by acknowledging and recognizing it, you enrich your participation in it.

2. Express yourself and create the life you want. You areunique. Express your individuality and share your observations and insights with others.
Make your surroundings a comfortable reflection of that individuality and uniqueness.

For instance, if you're a collector, a sports fan, or have a particular hobby, decorate your home with artifacts and mementos that express that part of your personality. It makes for good conversation and reveals something about you to others.

3. Establish an open, accepting and appreciative mindset. Prepare yourself for whatever comes your way. When you do, the possibility of attracting adverse circumstances lessens because of your willingness to confront and face what is.
When you maintain an open, accepting attitude life actually goes more smoothly and without incident. It's as if you're daring life to throw you a curve, but because you aren't afraid, it becomes unnecessary and therefore loses its impact.

4. Be who you are and go after what you want. Be comfortable withyourself and don't be afraid to go after what you want. So many opportunities are missed out of fear of failure (and success too) and an unwillingness to take risks or put yourself on the line.
Life is too short to not give your best shot at something. Strive to reach your potential. The worst that can happen is you learn a valuable lesson.

5. Have a solid personal foundation balanced with relationships with family, friends and the community. We are social beings who need each other for comfort, support and interaction. It's important to cultivate andvalue all of our relationships and engage in activities that promote good will and make the community, the country and ultimately the world a better place.

You know you are living well when you:

Wake up in the morning and can't wait for the adventure that lies ahead of you.

Are optimistic, cheerful andconfident.

Are interested in and want to contribute to others and the world around you.

Focus on the good things in your life and improve on what's not working.

Are aware, appreciative and engaged in life.

Turn obstacles into opportunities.

Seize each moment.

We can make an art of living well by expressing ourselves, by being open and receptive to new experiences, and by living each moment to the fullest. We need only decide to do so.

"The masters in the art of living make little distinction between their work and their play, their labor and their leisure, their minds and their bodies, their information, their recreation, their love and their religion. They hardly know which is which, they simply pursue their vision of excellence at whatever they do, leaving others to decide whether they are working or playing." James Albert Michener

Related articles:
15 Ways to Enjoy Life More
Quotes on Living Well
Success and Positive Thinking
21 Suggestions For Success
Develop Good Habits in 7 Simple Stopes

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Think about it - there is an art to everything and living well is no exception. Of any art, this would be the one to master since it encompasses all the others. The art of living well is to make your life an expression of who you are, what you believe, and your hopes, dreams and desires.

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Mental Health: Keeping Your Emotional Health

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Mental Health: Keeping Your Emotional Health

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November, 5th 2019

Emotional health is an important part of health. People who are emotionally healthy are in control of their thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, such as able to cope life's challenges, bounce back from setbacks, have good relationships, and feel good about themselves. But being emotionally healthy doesn't mean we are happy, but it just aware of emotions and know how to manage negative feelings, although still feel stress, anger, and sadness.

Research shows that emotional health is a skill. here are many ways to improve or maintain good emotional health:
1. Be aware of emotions and reactions
2. Express feelings in appropriate ways
3. Think before we act
4. Manage stress
Strive for balance
5. Take care of our physical health
6. Connect with others
Find purpose meaning
7. Stay positive

People who have good emotional health can still have emotional problems or mental illness, and can make an imbalance in the brain. Sa if we have emotional or mental illness, talk to doctor and family to get a right help for treatment.

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November, 4th 2019

Depression can create serious and sometimes become a long-term consequences that can affect our life. Fortunately it is treatable by getting help or following a treatment.

1. Suicide
Suicide is one of symptoms of depression. They think it is the only way out to escape the pain. Even if depression is left untreated, it can get worse. We have to remember that the terrible feelings and thoughts will pass. If we know someone have a thought to suicide, we have to call police or counseling center quickly.

2. Addiction
If depression symptoms are untreated, it rarely go away. even getting worse.
And when people want to alleviate, they precisely consume substances like drugs and alcohol. But actually, it can worsen the symptoms even increase an addiction of substances.

3. Self-injury
Self-injury is the way for a few people. If it happens, it can causes serious injury, life-threatening, and accidental death.

4.  Reckless behavior
Depressed individuals may put themselves in the risky situations with potentially dangerous consequences, such as driving while drunk or unprotected sex.

5. Poor school performances
Untreated depression can create school problems, such as difficult to to class and complete assignments because depression disminises concentrate ability and remember something.

6. Relationship problems
When getting depression, individuals might attack their loved one, stop going to social events or just wanna be alone. Depression makes individuals drained emotionally,  physically, and mentally, so it becomes hard to stay with friends and family.

7. Health concern
The depression symptoms such as unable to sleep, too much sleep, don't want to eat, and have no interest in exercise, can make depression and health getting worsen, even it can leave us vulnerable to other illnesses, such as the flu, or worsen health conditions we already have, such as diabetes.

We have to remember that depression is treatable and so all of these dangerous consequences of untreated depression can be avoided.

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If left untreated, depression can have serious - and sometimes long-term - consequences that can affect every aspect of your life. Fortunately, depression is treatable. By getting help and following your treatment plan, you can prevent these complications.

Suicide. Having thoughts of death and suicide are symptoms of depression. If depression is left untreated, these thoughts can get worse. Sometimes, you or a friend might feel like suicide is the only way out, the only way to escape the pain. This isn't true. There are many effective ways to reduce depression symptoms and get better. Remember, these terrible feelings and thoughts are not constant and will pass. If you or someone you know is having thoughts of suicide, please get help immediately. You can get confidential support and help for free by calling 1-800-273-TALK (8255) or reach out to your counseling center or a local emergency room. If someone is in imminent risk of harm, call 9-1-1 immediately.

Addiction. Depression symptoms rarely go away if untreated - in fact, they tend to get worse. Often, to alleviate the symptoms, people turn to self-medicating with substances. The truth is that drugs and alcohol not only worsen symptoms, but they can also increase the chances that you get addicted to these substances. Combining drugs and alcohol with depression is a dangerous mix, which can increase the risk for suicide and further your depression.

Self-injury. Another way some people try to cope with depression is by self-injuring or inflicting pain upon themselves with methods like cutting or burning. While some people don't intend to deliberately harm themselves with these behaviors, serious or life-threatening injuries and accidental deaths can result.

Reckless behavior. When people are feeling hopeless, angry or really bad about themselves, they are less likely to take care of themselves and think about the consequences of their actions. Depressed individuals may put themselves in risky situations, with potentially dangerous consequences (e.g., driving drunk, unprotected sex).

Poor School Performance. Untreated depression ¬can make it very difficult to go to class and complete assignments. That's because depression diminishes one's ability to concentrate, remember things and make decisions. For some people, even getting out of bed requires extra effort. That's why it's important to get help before symptoms get worse and start interfering with school and other aspects of one's life.

Relationship Problems. Consider how your relationships suffer when you're stressed out: You might lash out at loved ones, stop going to social events or just want to be left alone. The same thing can happen with untreated depression - except that it's worse, as depression's symptoms are more severe. Depression leaves people drained emotionally, mentally and physically, so it becomes hard to be there for friends and family.

Health Concerns. Depression can become an unhealthy cycle. People with depression need to take good care of themselves to feel better, but because of the symptoms, they are unable to sleep (or sleep too much), don't want to eat and have no interest in exercise. Because they are unable or unwilling to do these things, the depression worsens and health suffers. When we don't take care of ourselves it can leave us vulnerable to other illnesses, such as the flu, or worsen health conditions we already have, such as diabetes.

Remember, depression is treatable and so all of these dangerous consequences of untreated depression can be avoided. Check out the resources for getting help on your campus.

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If left untreated, depression can have serious - and sometimes long-term - consequences that can affect every aspect of your life. Fortunately, depression is treatable. By getting help and following your treatment plan, you can prevent these complications. Suicide. Having thoughts of death and suicide are symptoms of depression.

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November, 3rd 2019

A flood occurs when water inundates land that is normally dry and it happens i many ways.

Flood can be caused by excessive rain, a rupture dam or levee, rapid melting of snow or ice. Also coastal flooding occurs when a large storm or tsunami happens.

Most floods occur in hours or even days to develop, so it can give the residents to evacuate. But there's a flash flood, which generate quickly with a little warning. It's extremely dangerous because it can sweep everything in its path downstream.

Climate change also can increase the risk of flood, particularly in coastal and low-lying areas.

According to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, floods cause more than $40 billion in damage worldwide annually. The death victims have increased in recent decades to more than 100 people a year.

When floodwaters recede, the affected areas are often blanketed by mud, with the water and landscape that can be contaminated with hazardous materials such as sharp debris, pesticides, fuel, and untreated sewage. The floods can make people get diseases like typhoid, hepatitis A, and cholera.

There's a river floodplains, a natural rain areas occurring for millions years, make the land fertile because the annual flooding has left tons of nutrient-rich silt.

But people have increased the risk of death and damage by increasingly building homes, businesses, and infrastructure in vulnerable floodplains. So, government try to decrease a flood risks with buy a flood insurance and make a requirements for flood resistant construction.

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Most floods take hours or even days to develop, giving residents time to prepare or evacuate. Others generate quickly and with little warning. So-called flash floods can be extremely dangerous, instantly turning a babbling brook or even a dry wash into rushing rapids that sweep everything in their path downstream.

Climate change is increasing the risk of floods worldwide, particularly in coastal and low-lying areas, because of its role in extreme weather events and rising seas. The increase in temperatures that accompanies global warming can contribute to hurricanes that move more slowly and drop more rain, funneling moisture into atmospheric rivers like the ones that led to heavy rains and flooding in California in early 2019.

Meanwhile, melting glaciers and other factors are contributing to a rise in sea levels that has created long-term, chronic flooding risks for places ranging from Venice, Italy to the Marshall Islands. More than 670 U.S. communities will face repeated flooding by the end of this century, according to a 2017 analysis; it's happening in more than 90 coastal communities already.

Impacts of flooding

Floods cause more than $40 billion in damage worldwide annually, according to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. In the U.S., losses average close to $8 billion a year. Death tolls have increased in recent decades to more than 100 people a year. In China's Yellow River Valley some of the world's worst floods have killed millions of people.

When floodwaters recede, affected areas are often blanketed in silt and mud. The water and landscape can be contaminated with hazardous materials such as sharp debris, pesticides, fuel, and untreated sewage. Potentially dangerous mold blooms can quickly overwhelm water-soaked structures.

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Learn about how floods happen and the damage they cause

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Get facts and information about floods and flooding from National Geographic

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November, 2nd 2019

Ambivert is someone who exhibit both introversion and extroversion and can flip into either depending on their mood, context, and goals.

The other name of ambivert are outgoing introverts (an introvert who can be outgoing in certain situations or around certain people or when they absolutely need to), antisocial extroverts (an extrovert who needs time to recharge before socializing or likes to be alone more than a typical extrovert), and social introverts (an introvert who can dial up into extroversion when needed).

Ambiverts are flexible in how they react to people, like can be an extrovert when they are in the right the right mood, around the right people, also be an introvert when tired or cranky and around toxic people.

The characteristics oh them all:
- Extrovert: enjoy spending time with others, outgoing, prefers to work n teams, like to talk things out with others.
- Ambivert: Enjoy others but need alone time, can be outgoing in the right context, can be on teams after working independently, can be process outloud or internally.
- Introvert: enjoy spending time alone, reserved, prefer to work independently, like to process internally.

Research has found that how we react to people is physiological, for example, an introvert has a flat face or tend to frown, and extrovert has a smile face and look happy.

An associate professor at Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania, analyzed study about personality survey and collected three-month sales records for3 00 salespeople, both male and female. He found that the best salespeople are people who ranked right in the middle for extraversion and introversion (ambiverts).

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Do you think you are an ambivert? I always have struggled with the question:

"Are you an extrovert or introvert?"

Like many people, I don't quite fit into either category. In this article and video I want to introduce you to the concept of an ambivert.

What is an ambivert? An ambivert is someone who exhibits qualities of both introversion and extroversion, and can flip into either depending on their mood, context, and goals.

Ambiverts have also been called:

Outgoing introverts: An introvert who can be outgoing in certain situations, around certain people, or when they absolutely need to.

Antisocial extroverts: An extrovert who needs time to recharge before socializing, or who likes to be alone more than a typical extrovert.

Social introverts: An introvert who can dial up into extroversion when needed.

Extroversion and introversion describe how someone reacts to people. Ambiverts are flexible in how they react to people.

In the right context, in the right mood, around the right people, ambiverts can flip up into extroversion.

In difficult contexts, when tired or cranky, or around toxic people, ambiverts can flip down into introversion.

Here are some of the differences between extroverts, ambiverts and introverts:

Research has found that how we react to people is physiological. This study found that we judge someone's level of extroversion or introversion immediately-often based on facial structure. For example:

We can also self-select our tendency toward extroversion. Which explanation sounds more like you?

I am drawn to people; I get energy from social gatherings, and am fairly outgoing. (Extrovert)

It's draining to be around lots of people. I prefer peace, solitude, and quiet time. I usually crave alone time in my free time. (Introvert)

It depends. (Ambivert)

I will use the terms as labels for the sake of the article, but let's get one thing straight:

Ambiversion Is Not a Label, It's a Spectrum

Instead of thinking about extroversion or introversion as labels, let's use an extroversion spectrum:

When I talk about the Big 5 Personality Traits, I explain the extroversion scale. You can rank low, high, or medium. People who fall in the middle of the spectrum are called ambiverts.
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Why Ambiverts Are Amazing

Many people assume that extroverts are the best at sales, the best leaders, and the most successful at work-WRONG! Adam Grant, an associate professor at Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania, analyzed 35 separate studies and found the statistical relationship between extroversion and income was basically zero.

He conducted a personality survey and collected three-month sales records for more than 300 salespeople, both male and female. The people who ranked right in the middle for extroversion and introversion-ambiverts-turned out to be the best salespeople.

"Ambiverts pulled in 24% more revenue than introverts, and a mind-boggling 32% more revenue than extroverts!"

Grant theorized that ambiverts seem to strike a balance between the two more extreme personality traits:

"The ambivert advantage stems from the tendency to be assertive and enthusiastic enough to persuade and close, but at the same time, listening carefully to customers and avoiding the appearance of being overly confident or excited," Grant said.

Are You An Ambivert?

First, let's find out how you rank on the scale. Do you think you might be an ambivert? Or do you know one in your life? Take the Ambivert Quiz:

Situational Introversion

Ambiverts typically slide up and down the spectrum depending on the situation, context, and people around them. I call this situational introversion.

For example, certain locations make me extremely nervous and quiet-nightclubs, rooftop bars, and stereotypically 'chic' places make me feel super out of place. Whereas, in learning environments - such as classrooms, workshops or seminars - you can't get me to shut up. I constantly have my hand raised, try to make friends with everyone sitting within ten feet of me, and always ask for extra credit.

If you want to master your people skills you have to build a solid foundation.

Find Your Nourishing Locations

I split locations into three categories: Survive, Neutral, and Thrive.

Use this list of common places to find your top three thrive locations - places where you are your best self, and your top three survive locations - places where you dread going.

Bars

Nightclubs

Restaurants

House Party

Board Rooms

Office Meetings

Conferences

Coffee Shops

Cocktail Party

Backyard BBQ

Networking Event

For example, here are mine:

When you know where you thrive, you can build your schedule and your time around the locations where you can be your best self.
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Find Your Nourishing People

People also can affect where we fall on the extroversion scale. Who brings out the best in you? Are there people you dread seeing? How about people you can't get enough of?

Right now, make a list of the toxic and nourishing people in your life:
Nourishing: Toxic:
See every person on that nourishing list? Text, email, or call them right now to get together.

See every person on that toxic list? You deserve to be around people who sustain you.
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The Ambivert Advantage

Being able to balance both extroversion and introversion is an asset. Study these associated traits, courtesy of Larry Kim:

Flexible: Ambiverts typically can adapt to context and situations more easily.

Stable: According to psychologist Hans Eysenck, who coined the term "ambivert" in 1947, ambiverts offer a good balance between the hypersensitivity of some introverts and the domineering attitude of some extroverts.

Intuitive: Daniel Pink said that ambiverts "know when to speak up and when to shut up, when to inspect and when to respond, when to push and when to hold back."

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Ambivert Problems

With all that flexibility comes some liabilities. Since ambiverts can be so flexible, they often run into a few problems:

They love to talk to people, but want to plan it out first.

They say yes to too many things because they aren't sure what will work best for them.

Their extroverted side says yes to things in the future, but then their introverted side had a hard day and no longer wants to go.

When they're in a bad mood...nothing sounds fun.

They like going out only when they are in the right mood, with the right people.

18 more problems only ambiverts face.

Sometimes ambiverts are caught in the middle - between their desire to be extroverted and the needs of their introverted side.
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Amplify Your Ambiversion

Now I want you to leverage your ambiversion! Here's how:

"The ambivert advantage stems from the tendency to be assertive and enthusiastic enough to persuade and close, but at the same time, listening carefully to customers and avoiding the appearance of being overly confident or excited," Grant said. Know when to flexibly use the traits that serve you.

I want you to take control of how you spend your time, and who you spend it with. I am giving you permission: you do not have to spend time with people who drain you, or in places that drain you.

Life is too short to spend time with toxic people in draining places!

If you have to see a toxic person-such as a family member or co-worker-use time-blocking to buffer time spent with them. If you know you're going to see them, be sure to schedule in some recharge time for yourself before or after. You also can have an escape route or excuse ready to go if your time with them runs long. Use scheduling to your advantage by blocking out times and places that work best for your personality.

What is an ambivert?

How do you pronounce ambivert?

Remember: There is no right or wrong personality type. The only right thing to do is to live, act, and address who you really are. Act on your strengths, purge toxicity, and get to know your true self.

Want to get to know your fellow colleagues? Read up on Introverts and Extroverts.

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What is an Ambivert? Are You an Introvert, Extrovert or Ambivert?

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Do you think you are an ambivert? I always have struggled with the question: "Are you an extrovert or introvert?" Like many people, I don't quite fit into either category. In this article and video I want to introduce you to the concept of an ambivert. What is an ambivert?

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November, 1st 2019

Music can make us feel uplifted, contented and can improve our health. It can increase happiness and spirit while performing or listening.

When we're listening music, music works on the autonomic nervous system, which is responsible for controlling blood pressure and heartbeat, as well as limbic system, which is responsible for feelings and emotions. Music can benefit psychological too. Study shows that music help to reduce blood pressure, heart rate, and anxiety in hear disease patients. Other study also shows that upbeat music can have a very positive on our wellbeing.

Not only listening music, but also participating in music-making can also increase happiness.

We can try the way to listen music, such as:
- Listen to music every day, at least 25 minutes everyday for 10 days. It can help to prevent back pain and make sleep better.
- Play music while working out because it can help to release endorphins to increase endurance.
- Join a choir because it can give an emotional oomph and make us feeling happier.
- Listen to music while working or studying, it helped the brain ready for studying. Even study shows that children who took extra-curricular music classes, develop higher verbal IQ and visual abilities.

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Music can make us feel uplifted, contented and can improve our health, too.
The aim
Whether you're performing it or listening to it, music can increase your happiness (as well as the happiness of those around you.)
The theory
Music can lift the spirits. But science has now shown it has a physical effect on our bodies, too. As we listen, music works on the autonomic nervous system, which is responsible for controlling blood pressure and heartbeat, as well as the limbic system, which is responsible for feelings and emotions. A review of 23 studies by Bradt & Dileo (in 2009) involving almost 1,500 people found music helped to reduce blood pressure, heart rate and anxiety in heart disease patients.

Music can benefit psychological wellbeing, too. Research from the University of Missouri published in The Journal Of Positive Psychology found for the first time, that upbeat music can have a very positive effect on our wellbeing.

'People were successful at raising their positive mood as long as the music they listened to was happy and upbeat,' said Dr Yuna Ferguson, the lead author.

And participating in music-making can also increase our happiness, and help us to get on better with others. A 2013 Finnish study of 1,000 pupils who took singing classes found they reported higher satisfaction at school in almost every area.

Lead researcher Päivi-Sisko Eerola said 'synchronising' with each other may 'even make people like each other more than before'.
Try it out

Listen to music every day. Just 25 minutes every day for at least 10 days will help to prevent back pain and make you sleep better. Keep up the habit beyond 10 days if you can.

Play music while working out. Experts from Hampden-Sydney College in Virginia, USA, say listening to music during exercise can help to release endorphins to increase your endurance, boost your mood and distract you from the discomfort you may feel during your exercise session.

Pick music to suit the situation. Any type of classical music, such as pieces by Mozart or Beethoven, can help relieve muscle pain. For an effective, beneficial workout, researchers say the best music is high energy, high tempo music such as hip hop or dance.

Join a choir. Experts found that if we actively engage with the music - feeling it rather than letting it simply be in the background - it can give us extra emotional oomph and make us feel happier (Ferguson and Sheldon, 2013).

Listen to music while working or studying. If you're trying hard to crack that difficult report or you're struggling with the final touches of a dissertation, music could help get your brain in gear. A study of children ages eight to 11 found that those who took extra-curricular music classes, developed higher verbal IQ, and visual abilities, in comparison to those with no musical training (Forgeard et al., 2008).

MARTHA ROBERTS is an award-winning UK health writer and mental health blogger at mentalhealthwise.com Photograph: iStock

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Music can make us feel uplifted, contented and can improve our health, too. The aim Whether you're performing it or listening to it, music can increase your happiness (as well as the happiness of those around you.) The theory Music can lift the spirits.

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Social Media and Teens: How Does Social Media Affect Teenagers’ Mental Health

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Social Media and Teens: How Does Social Media Affect Teenagers’ Mental Health

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October, 31st 2019

The effect of social media is damaging for mental health of teens. Research shows that social media
can benefit and harmful teens, like symptoms of anxiety, depression, and eating disorders.

Small studies of University of Pittsburgh, found that people who had spent more time on social media had 2,2 times the risk of reporting eating and body image concerns. Also they got sleeping problems and symptoms of depression. Even the social media activities such as likes of photo became a mental problem in teens ages 13-18.

The downsides of social media use by teens are like confront cyberbullying, trolls, toxic comparisons (like appearance of comparing about physical, life circumstances, perceived successes and failures), sleep deprivation, bring up bad habits like focusing on likes, have too many fake friends, and less frequent face-to-face interactions. That's why too much spend time for scrolling through social media can cause symptoms of anxiety and/or depression.

Besides that, there are the upsides of social media for teen, such as social media makes socializing easy and immediate, even
people who have difficulty in communicating and socializing have other alternatives for communicating through social media. Other example are teens who in marginalized groups, including LGBT and teens struggling with mental health issues, can find support and friendship through social media.

The key to helping teens learn to balance social media with real life friendships is to keep the lines of communication open and keep talking, then disconnect social media on weekends and show teens that they don't need a handheld screen.

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October, 29th 2019

Bullying is repeated aggressive behavior  that can be physical, verbal, or relational, in person ori online. The bullies are bullying over and over again  for long periods of time relentless.

The example of bullying :
1. Physical: hitting, kicking, pushing, threatening, stealing, hiding, ruining things, hazing, harassment, or humiliation
2. Verbal: name-calling, teasing, taunting, or insulting.
3. Relationship: refusing to talk with us, excluding us from groups or activities, spreading lies or rumors about us, making we do something we don't want to do

Boys frequently bully at physical threats and actions, but girls more at verbal or relationship bullying.

Bullying not only happens in schoolyards or street corners with face-to-face contact, but also everywhere like in home, via smartphone, email, texts, and social media. It can be 24 hours a day and uses digital technologies, it's called cyberbullying.

Cyberbullying can follow us anywhere so that no place, not even home for feeling safe. Precisely, can be witnessed by hundreds or thousands online people.

The example of girls and boys cyberbullying is different. Boys tend to bully by sexting (sending message of a sexual nature), but girls tend to bully  in spreading rumors or lies, exposing secrets, and excluding someone from groups.

The effects of bullying for bullied targets:
1.  Feel hurt, angry, afraid, helpless, hopeless, isolated, ashamed, even feel suicidal.
2. Physical health: suffer, depression, anxiety, low self-esteem, or adult onset PTSD.
3. Miss, skip, or drop out of school to avoid being bullied.

The effects of cyberbullying for bullied targets:
1. There's no place that we can feel it safe for us, even home.

2. We can't be sure who is targeting us in bullying, because a lot of cyberbullying can be done anonymously.

3. Cyberbullying can be witnessed by potentially thousands of people.

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October, 30th 2019

Market is one of variety of systems, institutions, procedures, social relations, and infrastructures in which businesses sell goods, services and labor for the people in exchange for money.

Market activity is the part of economy. It's an arrangement that allows buyers and sellers exchange items.  There's also a competition in trading market. Exchange goods or services for money is called transaction.

Market vary in size, range, geographic scale, location, type and variety of the human community, as well as the type of goods and services traded.

There are two roles in the market, buyers and sellers. An emerging market is constructed by human interaction to allof exchange services and goods.

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October 28th 2019'

Recycling is an action that help people to overcome rubosh with recycled reused into new product. There are numerous things that can be reused including natural and inorganic trash. The example of inorganic trash are glass, containers, paper, magazines, and plastics. The organic trash can be helpful for plants like fertilizing, also waste-water as an organic trash can be reused with decontaminated and cleaned before.

There are 2 sorts of reusing, inner and outside. The iinner reusing is the reusing from assembling inside of the same processing plant. For the example, when copper tubing is being made, the finishes og tubes are trimmed, then the copper slosures will be reused to make new tubing. In outside reusing, recyclable materials come from individuals that conveyed  to the reusing office for cleaning, sorting, and arranging to be sold. Industry will buy them to make new items.

The legislatures and gathering of individuals need to give a recognition that reusing is good for their life because it can decrease contamination of air, land, and water. So they have too recycle the wastes.

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The importance of protecting the environment

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The importance of protecting the environment

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October, 27th 2019

Humans, plants, creatures, and nature are association. Plants need a good environment to grow, creatures need plants to eat, and human need them to survive. Nobody can devastating earth  with the exception of human.

Globalization can develop economy quickly. Innovation has created for many years that can simplify humans works, such as the advances of PC.
Unfornately, that velocity of change in enivornment not accompanied by the human's consciousness, such as the oil drilling which caused by human vehicles. And the wastes pollute the air. The other environmental damages are global warming, corrosive downpour, nursery impact, ecological contamination, etc.

Begin From now we should keep our surroundings for our grandchildren one day later. since regardless of how little function you do, will be felt by our youngsters and grandchildren one day later.

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Why Findland’s Schools Are So Successfull

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Why Findland’s Schools Are So Successfull

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October, 26th 2019

School system in Finland has been successful for many years. According to PISA survey that compares 15 years old childs in reading, math, and science knowledge, Finland is the best country in Europe. Also it competes with Asian cauntry, like Shanghai, Singapore, and South Korea. Finldand has a low rate in school dropout.

Finish Government facilitates all childern to attend preshcool, which comes after kindergarten. There, Compulsory education begins at 7 years old,  Teacher facilitate student as much as possible and spend a lot of time in school to working on the curriculum and project, even teach in teams. Teaching is a highly admired profession in Finland, also the teachers are selected very carefully, even only the talented student that can continue to master degree education, because Finland want to take the best to teach the generation.

For the international standard, schools in Finland are small, but the teachres are the better than other countries. They always try everything for the fruitfulness students.

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October, 25th 2019

People spend a third of life asleep, it mostly involves dreaming but most often we don't remember about our dreams, even luckily we remember our dream when we wake up, then that memory go back fastly to the dreamland. But forgetting dream is normal for people. In fact, the study shows that when people are dreaming, they are awakened in the right time.

When we fall asleep, not all of our brain's regions go offline in the same time. Researchers have found that the last regions that go to sleep is hippocampus. That is a curved structure that sits inside each brain hemisphere and it used for moving an information from short-term into long-term memory. Besides that, hippocampus can be the last to wake up. So that build a short-term memory when we wake up, but because the hippocampus is not fully awake yet, our brain isn't able to keep that memory.

Hippocampus send the memory to the brain's cortex that make a long-term memory. But new information can't be registered by the hippocampus.

When we wake up, the brain need at least 2 minutes to be able encoding the memory. The researchers examined the sleep pattern to 18 people that can remember their dreams everyday, and other 18 people that seldom to remember their dreams. Researchers found that 18 people remembering dreams wake up more frequently during the night for 2 minutes, the other 18 people for 1 minutes.

Our poor ability to encode new memories during sleep is also linked to changes in the levels of two neurotransmitters, acetylcholine and noradrenaline, which are especially important for retaining memories. When we fall asleep, acetylcholine and noradrenaline drop. Then something happens like enter the rapid eye movement that the most vivid dreams occur. Then acetylcholine returns to wakefulness levels, but noradrenaline stays low. And also the researchers have to coduct further research.

Dreams, especially mundane ones, may be just like daydreaming thoughts and deemed by the brain to be too useless to remember. But dreams that are more vivid, emotional and coherent seem to be better remembered - perhaps because they trigger more awakening, and their organized narrative makes them easier to store.

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Why do we so often forget our dreams, and what are some tricks for remembering them?

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October, 18th 2019

In the mid-century, the United States had an extraordinary resource that developed in industry and became a wealth, such as most of raw materials that are valuable in the manufacture of machinery, transportation facilities, and consumer goods. Iron, coal, and oil as the plentiful basic ingredients of industrial growth and just needed application of technical expertise, organizational skills, and labor.

One crucial in the the industrialization development was the growth of railroads. The railway network expanded rapidly until in the United States, the railroad map looked like a spider's web with the stel that connecting  all the important sources of raw materials, manufacture places, and the distribution center. Also this growth needed the enermous amounts  of fuel, iron, and coal.

Then the increased urban population was nourished by he increased farm production that became more productive with using farm machinery. Because the farm machine, the labor was recruited from the Americans farm areas to ran the factories and built the railways. Even Europe sent its most of poor farmers immigrants. And to finance this tremendous expansion, it mostly came from European.

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October, 24th 2019

In the popular culture, beeing a shopper is cheerful. But here's a mind of a true shopaholic.
1. Seeks Approval from Others
The shopping addict or shopaholic personality has been found more agreeble than non-shopaholic. They are kindhearted, sympathetic, and not rude to others. If they are lonely and isolated, shopping can be their positive way. But the weakness is they can be easily influenced by others.
2. Low Self Esteem
Shopaholic have a low self esteem characteristic, it means that shopping  is the way to improve self-esteem. But the consequence of shopping addiction for inadequacy shopaholic is a debt.
3. Emotional Problems
Shopaholics often suffer anxiety and depression, and they have emotional instability or mood swings.
4. Difficulty of Controlling Impulses
Shopaholic can't control their impulses when they want to buy something, both overwhelming and irresistible. Their impulses naturally happen to feel like they have to buy something.
5. Indulges in Fantasy
Shopaholics have the ability to fantasize about something they bought, such as they buy too much because they imagine about positive consequence of buying something that can escape into a fantasy world to escape the harsh realities of life.
6. Materialistic
Shopaholic are more materialistic than others. They love  material possessions too much. They often buy something that the don't need. Even sometimes they feel shopping is the way to increase social status, but it makes them envy and non-generosity, and these are the weaknesses of the shopaholic.

To make ourselves can be loved and liked by others is we must be what we are.

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What are the symptoms of being a shopaholic? In popular culture, the image of a compulsive shopper is a cheerful, superficial young woman concerned with little more than the latest shoes and handbags. The popularity of the "Confessions of a Shopaholic" books and movie speaks to the appeal of this image.

But research paints a different picture of this poorly understood condition. Here is a look into the mind of a true shopaholic.

The shopping addict or shopaholic personality has been found to be more agreeable than non-shopaholic research subjects, meaning they are kindhearted, sympathetic and not rude to others. Often lonely and isolated, the shopping experience provides the shopaholic with positive interactions with salespeople and the hope that what they have bought will improve their relationships with others. Shopaholics also have a tendency to be easily influenced by others.

The good news if you are a shopaholic is that having a kind, agreeable disposition will make it easier for you to establish a good therapeutic relationship if you seek treatment for your addiction. This personality type may also predispose you to follow the advice of your therapist and to be influenced by the positive encouragement of others in group therapy.

Low self-esteem is one of the most commonly found characteristics in studies of the shopaholic personality. Shopping is a way of trying to improve self-esteem, particularly when the desired object is associated with an image of what the shopper wants to be. But low self-esteem can also be a consequence of shopping addiction, particularly as debt can intensify feelings of inadequacy and worthlessness.

The good news is that with deeper self-reflection, perhaps with the help of a therapist, you will realize there is much to truly value about yourself, such as your kindly disposition, mentioned above.

As well as a general tendency for emotional instability or mood swings, studies have also found that shopping addicts often suffer from anxiety and depression. Shopping is often used as a way of lifting the spirits, even temporarily.

The good news is that both anxiety and depression can be treated with psychological therapies and medication, if necessary. These treatments are much more effective than the short-lived thrill of buying.

Impulses are natural - a sudden, intense urge to do something grips you, and you feel the need to act. Most people find it fairly easy to control their impulses and learn to do so during childhood. Shopaholics, on the other hand, find impulses, particularly impulses that involve buying something, both overwhelming and irresistible.

The good news is that you can gain control over your impulse to spend, particularly if you deal with the other underlying problems.

The ability to fantasize is stronger in shopaholics than it usually is in other people. There are several ways that fantasies can reinforce the tendency to buy too much. The shopaholic can fantasize about the thrill of shopping while engaged in other activities; they can imagine all the positive consequences of buying the desired object, and they can escape into a fantasy world to escape the harsh realities of life.

The good news for shopaholics is that having a strong capacity for imagination can be extremely beneficial during addiction treatment and can be helpful in developing skills which will help you overcome your addiction, such as relaxation training.

Research shows that shopaholics are more materialistic than other buyers, but there is a complexity to their love of material possessions. They are surprisingly disinterested in owning things and are actually less driven to acquire material possessions than other buyers, which explains why shopaholics buy things they don't need or use.

So how are they more materialistic? Well, there are two other dimensions to materialism, envy, and non-generosity, and these are the weaknesses of the shopaholic. They are much more envious and much less generous than others. This is surprising, given the fact that gifts are a common purchase of shopaholics, but this seems to be an attempt to "buy" love and increase social status, rather than a genuine act of generosity.

The good news is that by increasing your self-esteem and your ability to connect with others in a genuine way, you will lose your belief that affection and admiration can be bought.

In discovering what you really have to offer, you will no longer feel the need to hide behind an image promoted by advertising. You can become yourself and live within your means.

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What are the symptoms of being a shopaholic? In popular culture, the image of a compulsive shopper is a cheerful, superficial young woman concerned with little more than the latest shoes and handbags. The popularity of the "Confessions of a Shopaholic" books and movie speaks to the appeal of this image.

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Video Game Addiction Symptoms, Causes and Effects

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Video Game Addiction Symptoms, Causes and Effects

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October, 23rd 2019

Video game addiction is a very real problem for many people. According to the University of New Mexico, recent studies suggest that 6 to 15% of all gamers exihibit signs that could be characterized as addiction.

There are two major types of video games resulting two major types of video game addictions.
The type of video games, first is a standard  video games that are designed to be played by a single player and involved a clear goal or mission. The addiction in this game is often related to complete that mission or beat a high score.
The second is the game that played online with other people. The addiction is called online multiplayer games. It is addictive because it generally have no ending. This gamers' addiction of this type enjoy creating and temporarily becoming an online character, the make relationship with other online players and become feel lke more accepted than their reality life.

One of the reasons that make games become so addictive is the video game designers made a profit to gamers in their video games. They design the game in the end with accomplish the game that always have a challenge to keep gamers come back for more but not so hard that the player eventually gives up.

Video game addiction has warning signs, these symptoms can be both emotional and physical.
Emotional signs or symptoms are:
1. Feelings of restlessness and/or irritability when unable to play
2. Preoccupation with thoughts of previous online activity or anticipation of the next online session
3. Lying to friends or family members regarding the amount of time spent playing
4. Isolation from others in order to spend more time gaming

Physical symptoms:
1. Fatigue
2. Migraines due to intense concentration or eye strain
3. Carpal tunnel syndrome caused by the overuse of a controller or computer mouse
4. Poor personal hygiene

Short-term effect of video game addiction can be long-term effects of video game addiction if they offered. Short-term effects are like avoid sleeping or eating proper meals in order to continue gaming, hunger, fatigue, disorder sleep, disorder diet or health. Even sometimes games may miss out the family's event, outings with friends, and can make them comfortable without any friends at all. Then for the long-term affects are like financial, academic and aoccupational consequences involved, because video game equipment can be very expensive and game is very time-consuming that can make them have less time for education and career.

The most effective self-assessment that can be done is to examine the above lists of video game addiction sympotms then if they founded we have to cut back the amount of spent gaming.

Medication for video games addiction:
1. Drugs (sleeping pills, other pills, antidepressant), but it have side effects for long-term consuming, such as Drowsiness, Dry mouth, Excessive sweating, Itching, and Fever.

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Although it is not yet recognized by the American Medical Association as a diagnosable disorder, video game addiction is a very real problem for many people. According to the University of New Mexico, recent studies suggest that 6 to 15 percent of all gamers exhibit signs that could be characterized as addiction. Though this disorder can have significant consequences to those suffering from it, its signs and symptoms can sometimes be very difficult to recognize.

Are There Different Types of Video Game Addictions?

There are two major types of video games and therefore two major types of video game addictions. Standard video games are generally designed to be played by a single player and involve a clear goal or mission, such as rescuing a princess. The addiction in these games is often related to completing that mission or beating a high score or preset standard.

The other type of video game addiction is associated with online multiplayer games. These games are played online with other people and are especially addictive because they generally have no ending. Gamers with this type of addiction enjoy creating and temporarily becoming an online character. They often build relationships with other online players as an escape from reality. For some, this community may be the place where they feel they're the most accepted.

What Causes an Addiction to Video Games?

Many different causes factor into video game addiction. One of the main reasons that video games can become so addictive, however, is they are designed to be that way. Video game designers, like anyone else trying to make a profit, are always looking for ways to get more people playing their games. They accomplish this by making a game just challenging enough to keep you coming back for more but not so hard that the player eventually gives up. In other words, success for a gamer often feels just out of reach. In this respect, video game addiction is very similar to another more widely recognized disorder: gambling addiction.

What Are the Signs of Video Game Addiction Problem?

As with any other addiction, video game addiction has warning signs. It is important to know how to recognize these signs if you or someone you care about is an avid gamer. According to the Illinois Institute for Addiction Recovery, these symptoms can be both emotional and physical.

Emotional Symptoms of Video Game Addiction

Some of the emotional signs or symptoms of video game addiction include:

Feelings of restlessness and/or irritability when unable to play

Preoccupation with thoughts of previous online activity or anticipation of the next online session

Lying to friends or family members regarding the amount of time spent playing

Isolation from others in order to spend more time gaming

Physical Symptoms of Video Game Addiction

Some of the physical signs or symptoms of video game addiction include:

Migraines due to intense concentration or eye strain

Carpal tunnel syndrome caused by the overuse of a controller or computer mouse

Poor personal hygiene

Short-Term and Long-Term Effects of Video Game Addiction

Like any other compulsive disorder, video game addiction can have severe negative consequences. Though most of the symptoms listed above have short-term effects, they can lead to more severe long-term repercussions if not addressed properly. For example, someone addicted to video games will often avoid sleeping or eating proper meals in order to continue gaming. While the short-term effects of this may include hunger and fatigue, it could eventually lead to a sleep disorder or diet-related health issues. Similarly, those who isolate themselves from others in order to play video games may miss out on family events, outings with friends, or other events in the short-term. If this continues to be a pattern for a long period of time, however, addicts might find themselves without any friends at all.

Other long-term effects of video game addiction to consider are the financial, academic and occupational consequences involved. Video games and video game equipment can be very expensive, especially when factoring in recurring costs such as the high-speed Internet connection required for online multiplayer games. These games can also be very time-consuming, leaving addicted gamers with less time to focus on their education or career.

Is There a Test or Self-Assessment I Can Do?

The most effective self-assessment that can be done is to examine the above list of symptoms associated with video game addiction. If you find that you or someone you care about exhibits any of these warnings signs, it may be a good time to cut back on the amount of time spent gaming. If you are unsure whether these symptoms apply to you, we can help. Call our toll-free number at to discuss your possible symptoms or to learn about treatment options.

Medication: Are There Drug Options for Video Game Addictions?

Treatment for video game addiction can come in many forms, including different types of therapy or 12-step programs. Certain medications may even be able to inhibit addictive behaviors.

Drugs: Possible Options

According to addictionblog.org, bupropion is one medication that has been used recently to treat this type of disorder. The drug works in a way that changes the brain's chemistry and helps to decrease cravings for video game play. Though it has proven to be fairly effective, this option may not be for everyone. Others may choose to medicate only when absolutely necessary, treating the symptoms as they occur. For example, a gamer suffering from migraines may take medication for headaches. Likewise, an addict suffering from sleeplessness may turn to sleeping pills.

Medication Side Effects

When you take any form of medication, especially when self-medicating, it is very important to read all directions and follow dosage instructions carefully. Even over-the-counter medications can result in dependency and therefore should not be taken for long periods of time unless it is recommended by a medical professional.

Bupropion, though often helpful, is not for everyone. Some possible side effects include:

Antidepressant Drug Addiction, Dependence and Withdrawal in Online Addicts

Due to the evident link between video game or Internet addiction and depression, it is not surprising that many addicted gamers take antidepressant medication to help with the symptoms. Though most healthcare professionals consider this type of medication to be safe and effective, it also comes with its own set of risks and side effects. One factor to consider before beginning antidepressant medication is that it may be difficult to stop taking it. It is common to experience withdrawal symptoms, including anxiety, irritability, nausea and dizziness. In more serious cases, it is possible to experience depression as a symptom of withdrawal from the medication. This depression can be even more severe than the original depression, leading the patient to believe that the illness has returned.

Medication Overdose

According to the National Safely Council, unintentional overdose is responsible for more deaths among Americans between the ages of 35 and 54 years old than motor vehicle crashes. When taking any medication for addiction or any other problem, it is important to take only the amount prescribed. If you suspect possible overdose, it is important to act quickly. Options for immediate response include dialing 911 or contacting the National Poison Control Center.

Depression and Video Game Addiction

Two recent studies concerning the ties between video game addiction and depression showed an alarming correlation between the two. If you suffer from both conditions, it's important to seek help at a treatment facility that can address both issues. If you attempt to treat the video game addiction without treating the underlying depression, the addiction is more likely to recur.

Dual Diagnosis: Video Game Addiction and Substance Abuse

Because video game addiction has been linked to depression, sleeplessness and an overall lack of concern for one's own health, it is not surprising that substance abuse is also a problem for many gamers suffering from this compulsive disorder. For those suffering from video game addiction as well as substance abuse, proper treatment is imperative to recovery. If you or someone you know is currently suffering from one or both of these disorders, seek professional guidance immediately by calling us at .

Getting Help for Video Game Addiction

Recovery is not always easy, but it is achievable. Video game addiction can be just as dangerous as any other addiction and should be treated as such. The first step in overcoming dependency is being able to recognize that it exists. If you or someone you know exhibits any of the signs or symptoms described above, please don't hesitate to find help treating a video gaming addiction. Call our hotline today at to begin the road to recovery.

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Video Game Addiction Symptoms, Causes and Effects - PsychGuides.com

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Although it is not yet recognized by the American Medical Association as a diagnosable disorder, video game addiction is a very real problem for many people. According to the University of New Mexico, recent studies suggest that 6 to 15 percent of all gamers exhibit signs that could be characterized as addiction.

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How do you tell the difference between good stress and bad?

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How do you tell the difference between good stress and bad?

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October, 22nd 2019

Feeling stressed can feel perfectly normal, especially during exam time. Sometimes it can become a motivation to focus on the work, but at the other times, stress makes us can't concentrate on anything.
There are two major types of stress: beneficial and motivating - good stress, and stress that causes anxiety and even health problem - bad stress.

Benefit of stress
Stress can help us meet daily challenges and motivates us to reach our goals. In fact, stress can help us accomplish tasks more efficiently. It can even boost memory. Stress can improve how your heart works and protect your body from infection

Side effect of stress
Emotional stress that stays around for weeks or months can weaken the immune system and cause high blood pressure, fatigue, depression, anxiety and even heart disease. In particular, too much epinephrine can be harmful to our heart.

Signal too much stress:
• Inability to concentrate or complete tasks
• Get sick more often with colds
• Body aches
• Other illnesses like autoimmune diseases flare up
• Headaches
• Irritability
• Trouble falling sleeping or staying awake
• Changes in appetite
• More angry or anxious than usual

To resolve stress, we can improve the way our respond to stress and avoid or change some of the situations that create negative stress.

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Stress. It's a term that's thrown around so much that it feels like it's lost its meaning. Surprisingly, stress can actually be a good thing. In fact we need stress to get things done and stay safe. It can motivate us or allow us to be proactive about problems in our lives. However, when stress starts interfering with our ability to get things done (work, school), maintain relationships, or maintain our quality of life, it can lead to unhealthy habits and take a toll on our overall health and well-being. This includes serious health problems, like high blood pressure, autoimmune illnesses, digestive issues, depression and anxiety. So when stress becomes a constant, there's cause for concern. That's why understanding stress - the causes, effects, and how to deal with it, are so important.

What is stress?

It's common to confuse stress and anxiety. Stress is usually a reaction to something we have control over or different aspects of our lives that we could potentially manage better. Anxiety is when feelings of worry do not have a clear cause or when the feelings are bigger or more disruptive than the situation seems to warrant. Anxiety can also be a response to situations we can't control.

Like most aspects of mental health, our stress levels and how we manage it is dependent on a mixture of factors: genetic, cultural, physical, psychological, and environmental. The same stressor can cause different people to react in different ways depending on who they are, their personal history, what they're going through, and the array of coping skills and support systems they already have in place. Chronic exposure to seemingly small stressors can also add up to significant stress or even anxiety over time. For example, marginalized people and groups are likely to suffer greater and more disruptive stress because of regular experiences with systemic inequity and other emotionally challenging experiences encountered as a part of daily life. Some other common stressors include:

Pressures at school or work

Relationship conflict

Break-ups

Losing a job

Financial worries

Illness or injury

Current events that are concerning

Managing our stress

Unhealthy ways

While most of us have at least one or two healthy ways to deal with stress, most of us also have a few coping strategies that are less than healthy. These could include distracting ourselves without addressing the underlying causes of that stress, getting angry at other people, or using drugs and alcohol to try and temporarily numb the stress. Most of these coping strategies deflect or distract us from the actual underlying issue. While this can feel helpful in the short term, they are not helpful in addressing the underlying problem and can lead to even more stress. So, while distraction is an easy go to when we are stressed, it is much healthier to disconnect instead - at least while you regroup and figure out how to cope in more healthy ways. When we purposefully disconnect, we acknowledge we need a break and are using that time to heal, think, or create space before returning to dealing more directly with the source of stress. When we simply look for constant distractions, we're avoiding the problem altogether and not dealing with the cause or trying out solutions. This only exacerbates the situation.

Healthy ways

The good news is that there are proven ways to manage the stress in our daily lives. From mediation and movement to disconnecting (digitally) and connecting (with friends and family). Check out these Tips for Managing Stress for a few suggestions you can start implementing today. There's no one-size-fits all solution. If you or someone you know is struggling with stress and can't get a handle on it, please get help and talk to a professional.

Common signs that someone might need more support

While it's true that some stress is healthy and necessary, stress that interferes with our ability to get things done, relationships, and overall quality of life needs to be addressed. Here are some signs that you or someone you care about may be suffering from chronic stress:

Depression or apathy that interferes with their obligations or social activities

Changes in eating or sleeping patterns.

Having a hard time managing day-to-day tasks/challenges or has unusually strong reactions to minimally stressful situations

Being quick to anger, frustration or agitation and/or lashing out at other people more than usual.

Increased use of alcohol and/or drugs

Lead with compassion

Remember, stress and what triggers it are different for different people. Stress isn't always easy to manage so we need to show ourselves or others compassion. It's important to recognize what situations cause stress so that we can take healthy action to address them. When situations feel impossible to change or simply bigger than you can manage seek help from someone you trust or from a professional. For more information about stress, see these JED resources:

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Understanding stress | dealing with stress | JED

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Stress. It's a term that's thrown around so much that it feels like it's lost its meaning. Surprisingly, stress can actually be a good thing. In fact we need stress to get things done and stay safe. It can motivate us or allow us to be proactive about problems in our lives.

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October, 21th 2019

In many classroom, the observation of reading happening around students shows that we do not always see students engaged in active reading of a text for themselves, rather we see the following:
- The teacher standing in front of the room, reading a text to students
- Students sitting in front of computers, listening on headphones to an audio of the text being read to them
- Extended videos (not just short clips) being used as an alternative to reading text
- Activities being used to replace reading text (not just enhance and extend it)

There are legitimate and important reasons to include teacher read alouds or e-reading programs in the classroom, especially for primary grade students and english learners who are still developing basic reading skills.

Nevertheless, there are reasons to be cautious about overusing read alouds, e-reading programs, or activities that circumvent the use of text altogether. Students who listen while someone else reads to them are not honing their own skills. Students become passive.

Key steps teachers can take to help students experience success with independent active reading:
1. Build background knowledge
connecting to previous content learning or giving a brief introduction to new content by showing brief video clips or infographics.
2. Pre-teach key vocabolary
identify the key academic words in the text, writing that words, pronounce it, let student say it, and provide a student-friendly definition for each word.
3. Provide comprehension checks during reading.
student might ask and answer question, provide a main idea or summary, create a graphic representation, make inferences, or have a short discussion with pers.

By actively and independently reading text, students simultaneously can build their word identification, fluency, vocabulary, and text-dependent comprehension skills.

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References

Click the "References" link above to hide these references.

Reed, D.K., Swanson, E.A., Petscher, Y., & Vaughn, S. (2014). The relative effects of teacher read-alouds and student silent reading on predominantly bilingual high school seniors' learning and retention of social studies content. Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 27, 1119-1140. doi 10.1007/s11145-013-9478-8

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Click the "References" link above to hide these references. Reed, D.K., Swanson, E.A., Petscher, Y., & Vaughn, S. (2014). The relative effects of teacher read-alouds and student silent reading on predominantly bilingual high school seniors' learning and retention of social studies content. Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 27, 1119-1140.

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Do You See What I Mean? Visual Literacy Supports for Students with Disabilities

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Do You See What I Mean? Visual Literacy Supports for Students with Disabilities

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October, 20th 2019

Many learners with disability labels are visual learners. Their best able to understand and remember content is when they can see everything represented in some way like need to see what we mean. Visual support helpful for teaching and supporting them are like picture books, graphic notes, and story kits.

a. Picture Books
Picture books combine words and pictures to tell a story. Typically, pictures are as important or central as the text. Picture books are often used in the early elementary grades, even can actually be incredibly effective for stndent in older grades including high school. Those can be used as a primary text to introduce and examine an issue or as a supplementary text for all or for jst some learners that need extra support.

b. Visual Notes
Drawing or visual note is another strategy that learners can use, then teachers can teach in order to boost the literacy learning of students with disabilities. This way is the strategy for representing information, sharing their understanding of a text, telling a story, or organizing information.
Students can add pictures, diagrams, doodles, patterns, or charts to their visual notes in the margins or actual body of the notes to emphasize point, elaborate an idea or to make content memorable. Even some teachers show how to take visual notes using the computer for the students with disabilities and limited mobility.

c. Story Kits
Teacher might consider the use of story kits as a tool for improving literacy learning for students with more significant disabilities, such as blind, low vision, or who need a more concrete way of relating to a piece of text.
Story kits can help a reader generate ideas, retain information, and further their understanding of a particular idea or concept. The kit can be used to introduce or review the story, to interest and support students as they discuss certain passages or chapters, and to give them cues as they engage in other activities related to the book.

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Do You See What I Mean? Visual Literacy Supports for Students with Disabilities

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Many learners with disabilities are visual learners and are best able to understand and remember content when they can see it represented in some way; in other words, they need to “see what we mean.” Three visual supports helpful for teaching and supporting literacy development are described here: p…

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October, 19th 2019

Robert Capa, born in Hungary in 1913, is the name synonimpous with war photography. Capa was leave his native country after his involvement in anti goverment protest.
Capa wanted to become a writer but he had a first job as a photohrapher when he arrived in Berlin. Because of the rise in Nazim, Capa leaved Germany then moved to France and tried to find work as a freelance journalist.

In 1936, after the breakout of the Spanish Civil War, Capa went to Spain and built his reputation as a war photographer. He took a famous picture, The Death of a Loyalist Soldier, depiction of the soldier falls moment.

When World war II broke out, Capa was in New York but he came back to Europe to covering the war for Life magazine.  Some of his most famous work was created on 6th June 1944 when he swam ashore with the first assault on Omaha Beach in the D-Day invasion of Normandy. He took 100 pictures with 2 camera, but got problem with his frames during drying in the darkroom. However that frames became an inspiring the visual style of Steven Spielberg's Oscar winning movie ‘Saving Private Ryan’, and Capa use that as a autobiographical title of the war.
Capa document many other wars. He recorded the horror war. He once said, "The desire of any war photographer is to be put out of business."

After he promised to not photograph about war, he accepted assignment to go to Indochina to cover the first Indochina war. On May 25th 1954, Capa accompanying a French regiment. When he left his jeep to take some photographs oh the advance, he stepped on a land mine. Then he was taken to the hospital was pronounced dead on arrival. However, he still hold on camera, leaving the horror of war pictures that becames the standar of photojournalism that can be reached by a few people.

Capa’s legacy has lived. Even in 1966, his brother Cornell built the International Fund for Concerned Photography in his honor. There is also a Robert Capa Gold Medal, which is given to the photographer who publishes the best photographic reporting from abroad with evidence of exceptional courage. But perhaps his greatest legacy of all are the haunting images of the human struggles that he captured.

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TOEFL® Reading Test 4

This page will help you practise for the TOEFL reading test. This section has a reading passage about the photographer Robert Capa and 13 questions. Think carefully before you select an answer. Your answer is scored on the first click!

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toefl vocabulary exam practice english language elt efl grammar writing structure teofl

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TOEFL® reading test 4: free practice exercises from Exam English

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Read an article about Robert Capa and answer some questions

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Skin Tags: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment Options

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Skin Tags: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment Options

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(October, 16th 2019)

Skin tag are extra pieces of skin that stick out beyond the surface of the body. They are harmless but discusting and important to check to the doctor.
The causes of skin tag ar is uncertain, but there are some treatments to remove skin tag easily.

Skin tag can be as a small as 1 mm and as a large as 1 cm, even bigger. Skin tag also called acrochordons, are mostly flesh-colored growths, and can be darker. They commonly grow on the neck, under the arms, in the grain, and on the eyelids. They tend to grow in parts of body's folds and anywhere. When they one formed, they don't get bigger.

Skin tag are usually asymptomatic, but when skin tag is growing, changing, bleeding, itchy, crusty, flaky, or changing color on your skin, it's important to check to the dermatologist.

Skin tag commonly grow to the adults because of their ages increase, a pregnant woman, and weight gain. But they are common in people with diabetes and family history of skin tags. Even skin tags could be a symptom of nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (NBCCS), which is a complex genetic disorder in which individuals are predisposed to developing a type of skin cancer known as basal cell carcinoma.

The way to get a treatment for skin tag it just we have to go to the doctor and do minor surgical procedure. The treatment to remove skin tag can be by freezing the skin or electrocautery to burn off the skin tags or destroy the tissue with heat, even cutting them off with medical scissors if the skin tags are hanging.
These simple surgical procedures causes minimal discomfort, minimal recovery time, and minimal scarring, and in rare cases, skin tags can grow back, and new ones can form.

Although skin tag is not dangerous, it can be nuisance or cosmetic woe. But it’s also perfectly fine to ignore them and when skin tag getting change just go to the doctor/ dermatologist.

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Skin tags are extra pieces of skin that stick out beyond the surface of the body. They are harmless and more of a cosmetic issue than anything else, but understanding what they are, and aren't, can be reassuring. And though what causes skin tags isn't always known, skin tag treatment is pretty straightforward - they are easily removed.

How to Identify a Skin Tag: What They Look Like

Skin tags can be as small as 1 millimeter and as large as 1 centimeter, occasionally even larger, says Rebecca Baxt, MD, a dermatologist in Paramus, New Jersey. Skin tags, also called acrochordons, are mostly flesh-colored growths, although some may be darker in color, according to the American Osteopathic College of Dermatology (AOCD). They can be right on the skin's surface or seem to sprout from a thin stalk of skin and hang off the body.

They are common on the neck, under the arms, in the groin, and on the eyelids, says Dr. Baxt, as they tend to grow in parts of the body with folds, but they can appear elsewhere as well. Once formed, they typically don't get any bigger. You may have just one or two, or you may have many; they might be in isolated spots or in a group with many skin tags. They are usually asymptomatic, and they are diagnosed by visual inspection. However, since it can be difficult to self-diagnose skin tags, it's important to see a dermatologist if anything is growing, changing, bleeding, itchy, crusty, flaky, or changing color on your skin, says Baxt.

A Common Condition: Skin Tag Causes and Risk Factors

Skin tags are very common. It is estimated that almost half of adults have at least one skin tag, according to the AOCD. They are common as people age, according to the American Academy of Family Physicians (AAFP).

No one knows what causes skin tags, but they are more common with pregnancy and weight gain, says Baxt. There is no way to prevent skin tags other than staying a normal weight, she adds. They are also more common among people with diabetes and a family history of skin tags, according to the AOCD. One theory is that the friction created by skin rubbing against skin, a side effect of being overweight, causes skin tags in certain people, which would explain why skin tags often grow in body folds, according to the AOCD. In rare cases, skin tags could be a symptom of nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (NBCCS), which is a complex genetic disorder in which individuals are predisposed to developing a type of skin cancer known as basal cell carcinoma, according to the National Organization for Rare Disorders. Skin-tag-like basal cell carcinoma in childhood may represent a marker for NBCCS, according to an evaluation published in the Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology.

Skin Tag Treatment Options: Simple Surgical Procedures

Sometimes skin tags fall off on their own as they get pulled and irritated, according to the AAFP. The only way to get rid of skin tags is to have a dermatologist remove them with a minor surgical procedure, says Baxt.

Depending on where your skin tags are located, you might not choose any skin tag treatment - out of sight can lead to out of mind. However, you might want to seek skin tag treatment for cosmetic reasons if, for instance, you have one on an eyelid and it detracts from your appearance. Another reason to have skin tags removed is if they are in an area that gets a lot of friction, even just from wearing clothes or jewelry, causing irritation and bleeding.

Options for treatment include cryosurgery to remove skin tags by freezing the skin or electrocautery to burn off the skin tags or destroy the tissue with heat. If the skin tags are hanging, cutting them off with medical scissors is another option. These are simple surgical procedures that cause minimal discomfort, minimal recovery time, and minimal scarring, says Baxt. However, in rare cases, skin tags can grow back, and new ones can form.

While not at all dangerous, skin tags can be a nuisance or cosmetic woe. But it's also perfectly fine to ignore them. One word of caution: As with any changes on your skin, if the appearance of a skin tag changes, have your doctor or dermatologist take a look at it.

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Skin Tags: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment Options

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Skin tags are extra pieces of skin that stick out beyond the surface of the body. They are harmless and more of a cosmetic issue than anything else, but understanding what they are, and aren't, can be reassuring. And though what causes skin tags isn't always known, skin tag treatment is pretty straightforward - they are easily removed.

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(October, 17th 2019)

Throughout the history, people have been victims of pickpockets, and today it's become one of the most rapidly increasing crimes. The pickpockets increase in number end develop their methods to practice their skills.
Every year, aproximately one million people become a victim and lose their money because of pickpocket. They can be a rich or poor, young or old.

During the Eighteent Century, in England, pickpockets were punished by hanged and watched by a large crowds of people. But it stoped in the practice, with the reason of the condition, that was while peopel watched the pickpockets hanging, other people skillfully stole people's money.

The police say that many pickpockets come from South America, there's a school that train the pickpockets skills, Jingle Bell School. Even the person who wear a well dress and respectable might be a pickpocket. And their favorite places are banks, airports, recetracts, supermarkets, elevators, and train and bus station. They usually have partner to stole from people.

We just have to be careful but don't avoid the picpocket's victim.

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Eating Some Carbs, But Not Too Many, Could Help You Live Longer, Study Suggests

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Eating Some Carbs, But Not Too Many, Could Help You Live Longer, Study Suggests

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(October, 15th 2019)

Eating carbohydrates in moderation may be best for boosting longevity.
The study of 15 Americans who were tracked for a quarter of a century found that people who ate moderate-carb diet lived longer and younger than people who ate a low-carb diet (less than 40% of daily calories coming from carb) and a high-carb diet (more than 70% of daily calories come from carb).

In The Lancet Public Health journal, researchers examined the effect of replacing carb with animal-based and plant-based proteins. People who replaced low-carb diet with animal-based proteins and fats lived shorter than replaced with plant-based proteins and fats.

In the new study, the researchers examined information from 15.000 adults ages 45 to 64 from 4 communities in North Carolina, Mississippi, Minnesota, and Maryland. Study started in 1980s and again six years later with collected the completed surveys about the types of food they ate and how often. The researchers found that carb and live were the link like 'U' shape, that was mean, both low- and high-carb diets had a greater risk of death than moderate-carb. Then again the analysis founded that the low-carb diet replaced by animal-proteins and fats such as beef, lamb, pork, chicken, and cheese were closer to death than replaced by plant-protein and fats such as vegetables, legumes, and nuts.

In this study, the researchers noted that they just researched about the connection about people's diets and death, so that didn't improve that both low- and high-carb diets were the cause of early death risk.

Despite these limitations, a U-shaped link between diet and health outcomes seems logical, because essential nutriens should be consumed above a minimal level to avoid deficiency, and below a maximal level to avoid toxicity.

Original article on Live Science.

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Eating Some Carbs, But Not Too Many, Could Help You Live Longer, Study Suggests

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Eating carbohydrates in moderation may be best for boosting longevity.

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(October, 14th 2019)

Robert Moog, a Ph.D. of Physic Engineering from Corel University, was an American invertor who developed the Moog Synthesizer that used for musical instrument firstly. In 1960s and 1970s, it was became an important part line of Rock and Jazz Music.

He was fascinated with electronics as a teenager, particularly an electronic music, theremin. He formed his own company to sell theremin and theremin kits when he was still undergraduate. Then he began to work on a keyboard instrument that could replicate any musical instrument sound electronically. He continued to work with American composer, Herbert Deutsch, and introduced the prototype of Moog Synthesizer in 1964 that was in demand by musician all ove the world.

Moog collaborated with American composer and organist, Wendy Carlos. Even moog synthesizer was used by rocks groups and jazz muician such as 'The Beatles and Yes', 'Herbie Hannock', and 'Chick Corean' for their recordings. So it caused to increased trend the compact and portable Minimoog synthesizer in 1970, even used for A Clockwork movie sountrack in 1971.

Encyclopedia of World Biography, 2008

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Dear Reader,
Hari ini saya akan mengulas tentang Contoh Soal TOEFL.

Jika kalian akan mengikuti test TOEFL dalam waktu dekat ini, maka tidak salah jika kalian membaca artikel ini sampai tuntas sebagai bahan referensi kalian karena saya akan memberikan 50 Contoh Soal TOEFL Reading Comprehension Lengkap dengan Kunci Jawaban dan Pembahasan.

Langsung saja kita mulai.

Part A - 50 Contoh Soal TOEFL Reading Comprehension, Jawaban, Pembahasan

Reading Comprehension Passage 1

Robert Moog was an American inventor who developed the Moog Synthesizer. It was one of the first synthesizers to gain widespread use as a musical instrument. Moog's synthesizers were an important pa Line of musical innovation in rock and jazz music in the 1960s and 1970s. Robert Arthur Moog was born in Queens, a borough of New York City 75 years ago. He became fascinated with electronics as a teenager, particularly an early electronic music instrument called the theremin. Moog studied physic and electrical engineering at Queens College and Columbia University, both in New York City and later received a Ph.D. in engineering physic Cornel University in Ithaca, New York. In 1954, while still an undergraduate student, Moog formed his own company to sell theremins and theremin kits.

Soon after, Moog began working on a keyboard instrument that could replicate the sound of any musical instrument electronically. Working with American composer Herbert Deutsch, Moog introduced the prototype Moog Synthesizer at a convention in 1964. The device represented a significant advance over previous electronic synthesizer because of its use of new semiconductor technology, which made it smaller and considerably cheaper than earlier machines. The Moog, as it was known, was soon in demand by musician all over the world.

In 1964, Moog began a collaboration with American composer and organist Walter Carlos (now Wendy Carlos), who released the bestselling electronic music album Switched-On Bach in 1968. Rock groups such as the Beatles and Yes and jazz musicians such as Herbie Hancock and Chick Corea began incorporating Moog Synthesizer into their recordings, a trend that increased when the company introduced the compact and portable Minimoog in 1970. A Moog Synthesizer was also prominently featured on the soundtrack to the movie A Clockwork Orange in 1971. Encyclopedia of World Biography, 2008

1. The word "prominently" in paragraph 3 can easily be replaced by ...

Jawab: (A) significantly
Keyword: featured on
Pembahasan:
* prominently = significantly = menonjol
* perfectly = sempurna
* accurately = akurat
* excellently = baik

2. The passage describes theremin as a/an ...

3. The pronoun "it" paragraph 2 refers to...

4. According to the passage, all of the following are true about The Moog, EXCEPT...

5. The paragraph following the passage most likely discusses...

6. The main idea of paragraph three is ...

Reading Comprehension Passage 2

Throughout history, people have been the victim of pickpockets. Today, pick pocketing is the one of the most rapidly increasing crimes. Pickpockets are increasing in number and developing better methods to Line practice their skill. Approximately one million Americans lose money to pickpockets every year, and none is really safe from a skilled pickpockets. His victims, or 'marks' as they are called, can be rich or poor, young or old.

During the eighteenth century, pickpockets were hanged in England, large crowds of people would gather watch the hanging, which was supposed to be a warning to other pickpockets. However, in time the practice was discontinued. The reason: while people were attentively watching the hanging of a pickpockets, other pickpockets skillfully stole the money of spectators.

Police official say that the most efficient pickpockets come from South America. Many of these expert pickpockets are trained in special school called 'Jingle Bell Schools'. A pickpocket's graduate from J. B. S when he is able to steal a wallet from a dresses dummy (mannequin) that has bells inside its pockets.
Even the most well dressed, respectable person may be a pickpocket. Some of the favorite places of pickpockets are banks, airports, racetrack, supermarkets, elevators, and train and bus stations. Oftentimes a pickpocket will work with another pickpockets as his partner. Another kind of pickpockets works outside or inside bars and specialize in stealing from women is called a 'purse snatcher'.

To avoid being the victim of a pickpocket, it's important to be very cautious and alert when in the midst of large gathering of the people.

7. The best title for the passage would be...

8. The hanging of pickpockets were not continued because ...

9. Pick pocketing is ... crime.

10. The passage mentions that pickpockets steal in/from the following, except

11. South Americans pickpockets are the most efficient ones because ...

Reading Comprehension Passage 3

The cause of tooth decay is acid, which is produced by bacteria in the mouth. The acid removes minerals from tooth enamel, allowing tooth decay to begin; the saliva in your mouth encourages remineralization and Line neutralizes the acid. The rate at which bacteria in the mouth produce acid depends on the amount of plaque on the teeth, the composition of the microbial flora, and whether the bacteria of the plaque have been "primed" by frequent exposure to sugar. To keep your teeth healthy, a regular dental hygiene program should be followed.

Removing plaque with a toothbrush and dental floss temporarily reduces the numbers of bacteria in the mouth and thus reduces tooth decay. It also makes the surfaces of the teeth more accessible, enabling saliva to neutralize acid and remineralise lesions. If fluoride is present in drinking water when teeth are forming, some fluoride is incorporated into the enamel of the teeth, making them more resistant to attack by acid. Fluoride toothpaste seems to act in another way, by promoting the remineralization of early carious lesions.

In addition to a regular dental hygiene program, a good way to keep your teeth healthy is to reduce your intake of sweet food. The least cavity- causing way to eat sweets is to have them with meals and not between. The number of times you eat sweets rather than the total amount determines how much harmful acid the bacteria in your saliva produce. But the amount of sweets influences the quality of your saliva. Avoid, if you can, sticky sweets that stay in your mouth a long time. Also try to brush and floss your teeth after eating sugary foods. Even rinsing your mouth with water is effective. Whenever possible, eat foods with fiber, such as raw carrot sticks, apples, celery sticks, etc., that scrape off plaque, acting as a toothbrush. Cavities can be greatly reduced if these rules are followed when eating sweets.

12. What does this passage mainly discuss?

13. According to the passage, all of the following statements about plaque are true EXCEPT...

14. We can infer from the passage that one benefit of fluoride to healthy teeth is...

15. The word "it" in paragraph 2 refers to ...

16. What can be concluded from the passage about sweets?

17. The word "scrape off" in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to...

Jawab: (C) remove
Keyword: acting as a toothbrush
Pembahasan: Kata "scrape off" yang terdekat dalam arti untuk remove.
* repel = mengusir
* rub together with = gosok bersama-sama dengan
* remove = menghapus
* dissolve = larut

18. According to the passage, the value of eating foods with fiber is that ...

19. The author of the passage states that the amount of acid produced by the bacteria in your saliva increases ...

Reading Comprehension Passage 4

Until recently,mostAmericanentrepreneursweremen. Discrimination against women in business, the demands of caring for families, and lack of business training had kept the number of women entrepreneurs Line small. Now, however, businesses owned by women account for more than $40 billion in annual revenues, and this figure is likely to continue rising throughout the 1990s. As Carolyn Doppelt Gray, an official of the Small Business Administration, has noted, "The 1970s was the decade of women entering management, and the 1980s turned out to be the decade of the woman entrepreneur".

What are some of the factors behind this trend? For one thing, as more women earn advanced degrees in business and enter the corporate world, they are finding obstacles. Women are still from most executive suites. Charlotte Taylor, a management consultant, had noted, "In the 1970s women believed if they got an MBA and worked hard they could become chairman of the board. Now they've found out that isn't going to happen, so they go out on their own".

In the past, most women entrepreneurs worked in "women's" fields: cosmetics and clothing, for example. But this is changing. Consider ASK Computer Systems, a $22-million-a-year computer software business. It was founded in 1973 by Sandra Kurtzig, who was then a housewife with degrees in math and engineering. When Kurtzig founded the business, her first product was software that let weekly newspapers keep tabs on their newspaper carriers and her office was a bedroom at home, with a shoebox under the bed to hold the company's cash. After she succeeded with the newspaper software system, she hired several bright computer-science graduates to develop additional programs. When these were marketed and sold, ASK began to grow. It now has 200 employees, and Sandra Kurtzig owns $66.9 million of stock.

Of course, many women who start their own businesses fail, just as men often do. They still face hurdles in the business world, especially problems in raising money; the banking and finance world is still dominated by men, and old attitudes die hard. Most businesses owned by women are still quite small. But the situation is changing; there are likely to be many more Sandra Kurtzigs in the years ahead.

20. What is the main idea of this passage?

21. The word "excluded" in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to...

Jawab: (A) not permitted in
Keyword: form most executive suites
Pembahasan: Kata "excluded" = dikecualikan"pada paragraf ke 2 adalah memiliki arti terdekat dengan not permitted in = tidak diizinkan dalam.
* often invited to = sering diundang untuk.
* decorators of = dekorator dari.
* charged admission to = dibebankan masuk ke.

22. All of the following were mentioned in the passage as detriments to women in the business world EXCEPT...

23. In paragraph 2, "that" refers to ...

24. According to the passage, Charlotte Taylor believes that women in the 1970s...

25. The author mentions the "shoebox under the bed" in the third paragraph in order to...

26. In the third paragraph, the word "this" refers to...

27. The expression "keep tabs on" in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to ...

Jawab: (B) keep records of
Keyword: let weekly newspapers
Pembahasan: Ungkapan "keep tabs on = mengawasi" pada paragraf ke 3 memiliki arti terdekat dengan keep records of (menyimpan rekaman).
* recognize the appearance of = mengakui tampilan
* provide transportation for = menyediakan transportasi untuk
* pay the salaries of = membayar gaji

28. The word "hurdles" in the last paragraph can be best replaced by...

Jawab: (B) obstacles
Keyword: especially problem in raising money
Pembahasan: Kata "hurdles = rintangan" dalam paragraf terakhir dapat digantikan dengan kata obstacles (hambatan).
* fences = pagar
* obstacles = hambatan
* questions = pertanyaan
* small groups = kelompok kecil

29. It can be inferred from the passage that the author believes that businesses operated by women are small because ...

30. The author's attitude about the future of women in business is ...

50 Contoh Soal TOEFL Reading Comprehension Lengkap dengan Kunci Jawaban dan Pembahasan Part A
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Part A - 50 Contoh Soal TOEFL Reading Comprehension, Jawaban, Pembahasan

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