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Can You Strike it Rich during the Gold Rush is a great introduction to the Australian goldfields or a fun, independent, extension activity. For 1-4 players aged 8-plus.

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First Australians - They have come to stay - A documentary

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First Australians - They have come to stay - A documentary

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First Australians They Have Come To Stay Episode 1 ★ Aboriginal Documentary HD

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Impact on Indigenous Australians

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The imapct of colonisation Indigenous people

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Book reveals Melbourne's illegal settlement

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Burke & Wills for Australian Primary School Students

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corporateName=National Museum of Australia; address=Lawson Crescent, Acton Peninsula, ACT; contact=+61 2 6208 5000

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1860: Robert O’Hara Burke and William John Wills leave Melbourne, aiming to cross the continent from south to north

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O'Reilly

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Wills wanted to stay at Cooper's Creek, feeling sure that help would arrive. Burke ignored his advice and decided to set off for a police station at Mt. Hopeless. As leader of the expedition, he ordered that they all go on.

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Captain Cook Hawaii Captain Cook Alaska Captain Cook Pole Captain Cook BTN Episode Captain Cook Saxophone Music Captain Cook John Green Captain Cook Hi The Captain Cook Alive Captain Cook Seine Singenden Saxophone Captain Cook YouTube Captain Cook Part 1 Captain Cook Monument Manuela Captain Cook Captain Cook in Concert Captain Cook NYC

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Australia's Federation - Behind the News

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James Cook Explorer James Cook History James Cook Differential Geometry Australia James Cook Explore James Cook Band Captain Cook Movies About James Cook James Cook Bassist James Cook School James Cook Base How to Install James R.

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indigenous; sustainability; change and continuity; culture; identity

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NFSA Digital Learning - Digital resources using the clip - Endeavour Journal

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Clips on Screen Australia's Digital Learning site have been used to build multiple learning resources. This list shows all resources using the clip 'Endeavour Journal '. Follow the links below to see curriculum-specific learning resources built around this clip.

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One of Australia's favourite tourist destinations

A lesson in history

Established in 1830, Port Arthur Historic Site is a place of global significance and one of the 11 places that make up the UNESCO Australian Convict Sites World Heritage Property.

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World Heritage listed Port Arthur Historic Site is the best preserved convict site in Australia, and among the most significant convict era sites worldwide.

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The decay was seen as something positive as the Tasmanian population wished to distance themselves from the dark image of Port Arthur. Those who bought Port Arthur property began tearing down the buildings, the destruction was furthered by the fires of 1895 and 1897 which destroyed the old prison house, and earth tremors.

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The Eureka Stockade is the name given to a rebellion by gold miners at Ballarat, Victoria, Australia. It took place at sunrise, on December 3, 1854. The miners came from England, Ireland, Scotland, Wales, Canada, Italy, Hungary, France, Germany, China and Australia. The miners refused to pay a licence fee to look for gold. The miners said that the money for the licence was a tax, and that if they had to pay tax then they should be represented in the parliament. Irish miner Peter Lalor became the leader of the miners. They built a fort, or stockade, on Bakery Hill above the gold diggings on the Eureka gold lead. They were attacked by the British Army. More than 30 people were killed. The battle went for 20 minutes.

The miners made their own flag which was flown at the Eureka Stockade. The flag was torn down during the battle and taken away by one of the soldiers. It was given to the Ballarat Art Gallery in the 1890s. Pieces of the flag were sometimes given to important visitors to Ballarat. It is believed that Queen Elizabeth II has a small piece. In the 1973 the flag was restored and put on display at the Art Gallery. The display was opened by the Prime Minister of Australia, Gough Whitlam. The flag has been put on the Victorian Heritage Register and was named an icon by the National Trust in 2006. In August 2010, the Ballarat Art Gallery said that the flag needed further work to keep it safe. It was sent to South Australia to be restored at a cost of more than AU$ 100,000. The Gallery has built a new airtight case to hold the flag.

The flag has often been used as a symbol of rebelion. Trade unions used the flag in their marches. The Prime Minister, John Howard, banned the flag from being flown on building sites.

In 2008, the Football Federation of Australia tried to stop the flag from being flown by supporters of the soccer team, Melbourne Victory. They said it was against their rules for teams to use political symbols. People with the flag would be made to leave the football ground

In 2018, the Eureka flag again divided people in some workplaces. The Australian Building and Construction Commission published examples of slogans and logos that were against the Federal Government's building codes. These images were not allowed to be displayed by workers on projects run by the government. The list of banned images included the Eureka flag.

Many nationalist groups have started to use the flag as a symbol. It was used during the racial riots at Cronulla, New South Wales. People are concerned that it will become a symbol of leaving people out, and not a symbol of Australian democracy.

Images for kids

The Ballarat Reform League sought to negotiate with Commissioner Robert Rede and the Governor of Victoria, Sir Charles Hotham (pictured)

Rebel leader Peter Lalor in later life as Speaker of the House in the Legislative Assembly of Victoria. Only his right arm is visible, as his left arm was amputated as a result of the battle at Eureka.

The design of Melbourne's Eureka Tower references the Eureka Rebellion, with its use of blue glass and white stripes to symbolise both the Eureka Flag and a surveyor's measuring staff, and a crown of gold glass with a red stripe to represent the blood spilled on the goldfields.

Australian actor Chips Rafferty portrays Peter Lalor in the 1949 film Eureka Stockade.

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The Eureka Stockade is the name given to a rebellion by gold miners at Ballarat, Victoria, Australia. It took place at sunrise, on December 3, 1854. The miners came from England, Ireland, Scotland, Wales, Canada, Italy, Hungary, France, Germany, China and Australia. The miners refused to pay a licence fee to look for gold.

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KID: Good morning my name is Amelia Flynn and I am from Ireland.

KID: My favourite hobbies here are noughts and crosses, cooking, reading and feeding my horse Maple.

KID: I came to the Ballarat goldfields because my father wasn't getting paid enough money and also because of the potato famine.

KID: I want to have a useful husband and a big family.

It isn't very often that a school excursion takes you back in time. But here at Sovereign Hill some 21st century school girls have stepped into the shoes of kids from Australia's past. Dressing, working and playing like kids would have in the 1850s in the gold-mining town of Ballarat.

KIDS: It's really serious because everything is exactly the same and we had to have straight backs and hands like this and but it was a lot of fun and it was a great experience.

Sovereign Hill is set up to reflect a very important time in Australia's history - the gold rush. In the 1850s people came from all over the world to the colony of Victoria with the hope of striking it rich in a new land. But life on the goldfields was difficult and dangerous.

KIDS: It was really hard because you didn't have enough money or food to live and lots of children didn't get very old and died at early ages.

The miners or 'diggers', as they called themselves, lived under colonial rule and had no say in their government. Before they could mine they had to buy a licence and if they didn't have one they could be punished.

KIDS: They had licence hunts and if you were caught and you didn't have a licence then you were tied to a log until you paid the 5 pounds to go out which was a bit silly because if you couldn't afford to get a gold licence then you couldn't afford to be let out so you had to go to jail.

It was the growing tension between the diggers and the authorities which led to one of the most dramatic events in Australia's history, the Eureka Rebellion. Tens of thousands of miners came together to burn their licences and raise their own flag.

BLOOD ON THE SOUTHERN CROSS: "We swear by the Southern Cross to stand truly by each other and fight to defend our rights and liberties."

On Sunday the third of December, 1854, there was a brief but bloody battle at the Eureka mining camp where diggers had built a rough wooden stockade. 22 miners and 8 soldiers died. But Eureka came to be seen by many as a turning point in Australia's history, celebrated in art, songs and films like this.

Many Victorians felt sorry for the diggers and put pressure on the government to make changes. Three years later all Victorian men were given the right to vote. Now at the site of the Eureka Stockade there's a museum devoted to democracy, where the kids saw the real Eureka flag and learned about its importance.

KIDS: It was the start of our flag it was when we started to see our flag rather than being ruled by Britain.

KIDS: It was the start of people saying we want a better Australia we want to fight for our rights and make sure the country was the best it could be.

By getting a close-up look at the past they got a better idea of how this country came to be.

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KID: Good morning my name is Amelia Flynn and I am from Ireland. KID: My favourite hobbies here are noughts and crosses, cooking, reading and feeding my horse Maple. KID: I came to the Ballarat goldfields because my father wasn't getting paid enough money and also because of the potato famine.

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Daily Life in Australia Indian Life in Australia Brisbane Australia Life in Australia vs USA Moving to Australia Punjabi Life in Australia My Life in Australia Life Like in Australia Life in Australia YouTube What Life Is Like in Australia Life in Adelaide Australia Living in Australia vs USA Fishing in Australia School in Australia Life in Autralia

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For convicts, transportation to NSW meant separation and loss. Joe, a convict who recently arrived in the colony, is spending his first night at the Hyde Park Barracks. His hammock mate Jim listens on as Joe enthusiastically describes how back in London he pickpocketed a wealthy gentleman. But Joe's excitement soon fades.

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http://voyage.anmm.gov.au/

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Image of Melbourne City

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Should the Australia Day Date be Changed?  - Behind the News

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Hidden Histories - The Wadawurrung People

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Hidden Histories: The Wadawurrung People

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Hidden Histories: The Wadawurrung People is a digital tour about gold rush Ballarat, which brings to life the perspectives and participation of Aboriginal People. Hidden Histories: The Wadawurrung People is a digital tour about gold rush Ballarat, which brings to life the perspectives and participation of Aboriginal People.

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Objects Through Time

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Licence for gold mining, 1853. Courtesy of the Powerhouse Museum

Collection
Powerhouse Museum, Sydney, Australia.

Object Name
Gold Mining Licence.

Object/Collection Description
Licence for gold mining, framed, paper / wood / glass, issued to J McDonnell, printed by John Ferres, Government Printing Office, Victoria, Australia, 1853. At centre top is the Victorian coat of arms with inscription: 'VICTORIA / GOLD LICENCE'. The name of the licence owner and place and date of its issue are written in ink and the licence is signed in ink by the Commissioner. The licence also details the conditions under which it is issued. Licence issued to J McDonnell to mine at Loddon. The licence is window mounted under cardboard which is inscribed in black ink 'MINERS RIGHT 1853 / Presented to, Royal Historical Society of Australia / by Dr. Aeneas J. McDonnell.'. The whole is framed with a dark brown wood frame and under a sheet of glass. The back is covered with brown paper inscribed with blue pencil '209′. Dimensions: 330mm high X 290mm wide X 13mm deep.

In March 1851, Edward Hargraves wrote to the Sydney Morning Herald to announce that he had found payable gold just outside the New South Wales town of Bathurst. By 15 May over 300 diggers were in the area prospecting for gold and the Australian gold rush had begun. The following month further discoveries were made at Clunes in Victoria and later Warrandyte, Bunninyong and Ballarat. By the end of the year half the adult male population of the colony was at the diggings.

Lambing Flat miners' camp, c.1860s Courtesy State Library of New South Wales

With so many people leaving for the gold fields, many businesses found it hard to keep operating. Ship crews deserted, leaving vessels stranded in port, shepherds left their flocks, government officials, clerks, teachers and policemen left their jobs in the excitement. Soon they were joined by thousands of immigrants from Europe, America, China and New Zealand keen to try their luck. Between 1852 and 1861 over 342,000 people arrived, often enduring appalling conditions on overcrowded ships. Conditions were not much better on land as tent cities sprang up to accommodate the burgeoning population and the cost of food and necessities sky rocketed.

Although there were some remarkable discoveries on the gold fields, few people made their fortune and most drifted back to towns and cities looking for work. Some of the immigrants returned to their countries of origin but the majority stayed. Australia's first gold rush transformed the colonies. Convict transportation to the eastern colonies ceased, the population more than doubled, and agriculture expanded and new industries were established.

Both the New South Wales and Victorian governments didn't quite know how to react to this huge influx of people into regional areas. The rush brought sudden labour shortages to NSW and then to Victoria. People even dared to leave their employment for the gold fields without permission. People needed to be pushed back to their near servile positions. The owners of pastoral runs and retail businesses saw the problem as a threat to their control and self interest and not as a government providing services issue.

Both New South Wales and the Victorian governments sought to regulate where people went and to how to manage the infrastructure like roads and bridges required to accommodate large numbers of people on the move. Pastoralists wanted infrastructure to service their businesses while diggers complained about the lack of services on the gold fields. Police were needed to maintain law and order and escorts engaged to guard gold bullion from bushrangers. All of this costs money. Colonial politicians were reluctant to raise taxes that would effectively would impact on their own businesses and the wider middle class population. Both the New South Wales and Victorian governments decided to the best way of to control miners and to raise money to provide infrastructure was to introduce a 30s. Miners Licence. Thirty shillings was a lot of money at that time and many diggers found it difficult to raise the fee. Added to this, most of the easy alluvial gold had started to run out and big companies were moving in establishing deep hard rock mines that put the small alluvial miners out of business.

Roll Up banner, 1861, Courtesy Wikimedia

In the face of these hardships the Chinese were often scapegoated by disgruntled European miners as seen in the violent anti -Chinese riots at Turon (1853), Meroo (1854) Rocky River (1856) Tambaroora (1858) Lambing Flat, Kiandra and Nundle (1860 and 1861) and Tingha tin fields (1870). They were seen initially as oddities, later as rivals and then as threats to white Australia.

The gold licence system caused considerable unrest on the diggings. It was regarded as a tax and greatly resented since it was applied regardless of the success or failure of the digger. However, the gold commissioners and Police known as 'traps' enthusiastically policed the gold fields, checking on licences and arresting and fining the unfortunate diggers who could not produce them.

The Police 'licence hunts' were often brutal, corrupt, unfair and inefficient. These licence hunts came to symbolise the government's oppression of the diggers and directly led to major protests on gold fields in Sofala in 1852, Bendigo in 1853 and the Eureka Rebellion in 1854. A year after the Eureka Rebellion the gold licence was replaced by a Miner's Right which cost one pound a year for the right to dig and also entitled the owner to vote in parliamentary elections. Peter Lalor, the miner's leader at Eureka was elected to the Victorian parliament.

The gold licence historic significance lies in its relationship to the themes of the gold rush experience, the beginning of mass migration to Australia, colonial democracy, the migration of British trade unionism and the development of racially discriminative Colonial policies culminating in the first act of the newly Federated Commonwealth of Australia, the 1901 Immigration Restriction Act.

The gold licence has aesthetic significance in the design, language and the style of a 19 th century colonial document the Victorian Coats of Arms and the Commissioners signature.

The gold licence provides a research tool for historians to explore the culture and politics of the Australian gold fields. The licence is evidence of the unrest on the gold fields and the importation of ideas of democracy and emancipation with the migrant miners.

Objects from the gold rushes have an intangible significance to many regional and urban communities as it is a major theme in Australian history and many communities can trace their family history to the gold rushes.

The gold licence is well provenanced. This licence was issued to J. McDonnell in March 1853. At the time he was working on the Loddon gold fields on the Loddon River in western central Victoria. The gold licence was donated to the Royal Australian Historical Society by a descendant of J. McDonnell, Dr Aeneas J. McDonnell.

The gold licence is rare because it was made for a specific purpose and one of a few licences that remain from that time.

The gold licence represents the experience of the 19 th diggers on the gold fields, colonial government's attitudes to the economy and democracy and the evolution of the myths surrounding the Chinese created largely on the gold fields that provided the seeds for the ideology that created the 1901 Immigration Restriction Acts.

The condition of the object is good given the rarity and fragile nature of the fabric. There is evidence of some foxing, fading and tears around the edges.

The gold licence is a powerful interpretive tool in communicating the experience and the treatment of the European and Chinese miners on the diggings.
Bibliography
Coupe S & Andrews, M 1992, Their Ghosts may be heard: Australia to 1900, Longman Cheshire, Sydney.

Heritage Office & Dept of Urban Affairs & Planning 1996, Regional Histories of NSW, Sydney.

Heritage Collections Council 2001, Significance: A guide to assessing the significance of cultural heritage objects and collections, Canberra.

Wilton, J 2004, Golden Threads: The Chinese in Regional NSW, 1850 - 1950, New England Regional Museum & Powerhouse Publishing.
Websites

Regional Services at the Powerhouse Museum is supported by Movable Heritage, NSW funding from the NSW Ministry for the Arts.

The Migration Heritage Centre at the Powerhouse Museum is a NSW Government initiative supported by the Community Relations Commission.
www.migrationheritage.nsw.gov.au

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Licence for gold mining, 1853. Courtesy of the Powerhouse Museum Collection Powerhouse Museum, Sydney, Australia. Object Name Gold Mining Licence. Object/Collection Description Licence for gold mining, framed, paper / wood / glass, issued to J McDonnell, printed by John Ferres, Government Printing Office, Victoria, Australia, 1853.

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Gold Rush immigration

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Immigrant Influences - Australian Gold Fields | Australian Gold, History & Culture Info - Historic Gold Rush Village Mogo South Coast NSW Australia

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The Australian gold rush days brought Immigrants from all over the world to Australia, which up until then had been a penal settlement with heavy reliance on wheat and wool as other industry.

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Census

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The statistical information contained in Origins has been provided by the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) which is responsible for the collection of census data. At this time only censuses up to 2016 are represented on this website. The 2021 census data is not yet reflected in the statistics.

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You are going to the goldfields to mine for gold. Before you leave you should:

Consider buying a permit from the permit office, (if you choose not to buy a permit you will save money but the troopers may close down your mine).

Choose a type of mine (either alluvial or shaft) by selecting the map.

Buy the tools you need for your mine, either alluvial or shaft, from the tool store.

Buy enough supplies from the supply store to keep you alive in the harsh goldfields.

Buy enough supplies from the supply store to keep you alive in the harsh goldfields.
Hint: the goldfields are a two-day walk away, so it is best to buy supplies for about a month.

After you have everything you need, select
To goldfields and get to work!

find out about the item by selecting it

to pay, select the price tag

Note: You cannot return an item you have
paid for.

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You are going to the goldfields to mine for gold. Before you leave you should: Consider buying a permit from the permit office, (if you choose not to buy a permit you will save money but the troopers may close down your mine). Choose a type of mine (either alluvial or shaft) by selecting the map.

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Gold Techniques

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SARAH LARSEN, REPORTER: It was the precious metal that transformed Australia. When a spec was found in a Victorian creek in 1851 gold fever took hold. In the years that followed hundreds of thousands of people came to Australia from all over the world to try their luck in the goldfields. Entire towns grew around gold and the economy took off.

Travel around Australia and its not hard to find evidence of the country's gold mining history in ghost towns like this.

KIDS: So what happened to the gold? Why were towns abandoned?

REPORTER: When a mine closes its not necessarily because all the precious metal's gone. There's probably still gold down there somewhere, it's just that getting it out got too expensive.

When the gold rush started you could find gold just by panning in the mud. It cost almost nothing to get out and anyone could do it. Once that ran out you had to dig into the rock. That was much harder and more expensive. Once the stuff close to the surface was gone things got even more expensive. So mining companies took over, spending big on equipment and workers to get to the underground gold. Mining has always been about weighing up the costs; the machinery, the worker's wages, and the price of processing the gold, against the benefits; the amount of money you got from selling the gold. If costs outweighed the benefits the mine would close. That's what happened here at Cowarra in the ACT and locals like Greg still remember it.

GREG HAYDEN: Yeah, well we had playmates and all of a sudden we didn't.

But Cowarra may not be a ghost town for that much longer. They're looking for gold here again and there are plans to reopen some old mines nearby. There are similar things happening at a number of old gold fields across the country. So what's changed? We have way better technology these days which lets you get more gold out of the rock for less money. Then there's the price of gold. Like many precious metals it's bought and sold in financial markets. Gold's always been seen as a pretty solid investment, so when the economy's not so good people tend to buy more of it so it's worth more. Some people reckon China's also had a lot to do with gold prices going up. There are a lot of people there and they're spending more money now. All of this is good news for mining companies. Last year Australia became the world's second biggest gold producer. Companies are looking for new gold deposits and opening new mines. But not everyone's happy with the thought of old mines like this being re-explored. Some think they should be left alone, as a living museum to Australia's golden past.

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Have you ever heard about the gold rush of the past and wished you could strike it rich? Well now might be your chance! Gold mines that have been closed for years are opening up again, but before you grab a pick-axe and start digging, Sarah discovered that it's new technology that's blowing the cobwebs off some historic mine sites.

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Eureka Stockade: RIOT OR REVOLUTION - opening sequence

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Eureka Stockade Movie excerpt

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Available to purchase at www.umbrellaent.com.au In the wake of the great California gold rush of 1849, miners the world over scrambled to Australia in search of the next big find. Ballarat, Victoria became the focal point for the miners' efforts, and in an effort to control migration and raise government revenues, Britain established strict guidelines, requiring miners to pay for special licences.

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The Early Australian Prospectors

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the early australian prospectors part 1 - Bing video

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Hudson and Landry the Prospectors Star Citizen Prospector The Prospector West Virginia The Prospectors Song Prospectors TV Show The Weather Channel Prospectors The Prospectors Season 5 Prospectors Getting the Shot Prospectors Season 2 Full Episode 5 Weather Channel Prospectors Full Episodes The Prospectors Colorado 2013 YouTube Prospectors

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Behind the News

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Colonisation to Federation