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By April 2nd, General Grant had captured Richmond, and General Lee knowing he could not escape, surrendered. Grant's surrender terms were that the South would give up their weapons and leave peacefully.

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During the time of the Civil War, at least 400 women disguised themselves as men and fought for the Union and Confederate armies. There was also an increase of women working in factories as men began leaving for work.

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African American Soldiers in the Civil War

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African American Soldiers in the Civil War

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The African Americans in the North would enlist in the war in 1862, over 180,000 served, and made up at least 10% of the army. However, these soldiers still faced discrimination while serving, they would get paid less than the white troops, and their groups were segregated with white officers.

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The Emancipation Proclamation freed all slaves in the states that were fighting against the Union, which actually freed no slaves. However, what this really did was change the goal of the war, they now fought to preserve the union and end slavery.

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Some advantages that the confederates had were that they also had great generals, it was easier to defend than to attack, farmers were able to fight better than the factory workers and they had a profitable economy (cotton).

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The advantages that the union had was that the North had a large population of 22 million, 90% of products came from the North, they had efficient railroad systems, they controlled the navy and had capable union leaders.

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The Fugitive Slave Law states that any person who assists a slave in escaping or hiding would be arrested or fined, along with slaves not being able to testify in court and then being returned to their masters.

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After Lincoln's election, knowing that the first thing he would do when we got into office was abolish slavery, the southern states seceded from the union.

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Bleeding Kansas took place in Kansas and Missouri, through the years of 1854 up until 1861. During this time, many aggressive arguments occur because of the many political debates about the topic of slavery. In the end Kansas would come into the Union as a free state.

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When Missouri became a state it became a slave state so Maine became a free state to keep balance among the colonies.

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Southerns feared that without Slaves they would not be able to produce mass amounts of cotton and without there being a balance between free and slave states then there would be an Economical collapse.

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The economical boost of the South and demand of more cotton caused the want of slaves increase. Slaves had no rights of their own, they were beaten by their owners, and couldn't marry without permission from their owner.

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In Massachusetts only the wealthy could attend scroll, in fact, many Americans couldn't even read or write! Horace Mann was looking for a way to change this, he created a college that could train teachers to... teach!

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The underground rail road was used to help slaves who were seeking freedom to travel safely t out of the south and be a free person.

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The weather in the North would go from freezing winters to hot summers. The terrain of the North also determined how each area made a living in various industries. In New England there were many bays that were used as harbours

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Child as young as seven were made to work at factories as a way to make some sort of income. They worked in horrendous conditions where if they got injured there would be no helping them. There were also times when these children weren't even paid for their work or were paid a very little amount.

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Many women to part in a movement that pushed to the end of the misuse of alcohol. They believed that alcohol was morally wrong and wanted to raise awareness of abuse caused by their drunken husbands. This movement caused an amendment to be added banning alcohol.

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Women could not vote, serve on juries, attend college, or enter professions such as medicine or law. Then movement was led by Susan B Anthony, Elizabeth, Cady Stanton, and Lucretia Mott. There were little to no men as leaders who weren't husband of the women leaders. This movement was not successful and didn't lead to many changes in women's rights.

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Movements were called to put an end to slavery. The reformers who were working to put an end to slavery were called Abolitionist.  One of the most famous Abolitionist was Harriet Tubman, who assisted other slaves who were seeking freedom with the underground railroads.

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At the East Cambridge House of Correction, teacher, Dorothea had found a room full of mentally ill women and saw that these women were not criminals and were just mentally ill and should be made to live in these conditions.

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In the prison there were criminals, along with people who were mentally ill and in debt. The prisons were poorly heated, did not have enough food, and had cramped conditions.

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Americans had believed that when they were born wither they would go to heaven or not was decided at that time and their actions in life did not effect their afterlife destination.

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Speakers would convince people to choose the path of god and all good things, those who would listen prayed, shouted, sung hymns, and even cried for hours.

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Americans were able to express their ideas and emotions through various forms of art. For example, Louisa May Alcott wrote a book called Little Women that was about a world where women had rights just as the men do.