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Introduction: Food Insecure

Problem statement: Low income family do not know how to cook healthy meals because of cost and accessible

Solution: A way to educate families through a cooking program either through local programs or integrated as a club in school with the incentive of teaching people how to cook and being able to keep the food and bring it home from the program

Research: Low income and  high income family demographic in Boston, for example East Boston

Research: Similar programs whether successful or not

Why this works: Food insecure has a lot of problems in it. One of the ways we can tackle it is the cost and health. If we can teach families how to cook healthy reasonable food to feed their families they be more health but also it helps family on what to buy at grociers market therefore they are saving money in the long term

How we are affected: We are living in a generation of the most food insecure because we determine food insecure is not all about not having food, its could be health, we eat junk all the time, when was the last time we sat down and enjoy a bowl of salad or a balance meal with portion meat, carbs, dairy, vegatable, or fruits

Why we should care:  Our country is pretty high in terms of obisety like it or not we are properly heavyer than we are suppose to be because of covid or the amount of fast food there are in this country. The rich and the poor are being both affect by this food insecure. We lack knowledge to know

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Determine the problem in the local communities 

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Determine the problem in the local communities 

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Low income do not know how to cook healthy meals because of such as the cost and accessablility.

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Community competitive cook off using local ingredients

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A way to educate families on how cook healthy meals and teach the families the importance of being food secure .

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Neighborhood/community Summer cooking class for youth
Incentive: new skills and I guess local grocery ingredients

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What Can Grocery Stores Do With Old Produce?

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What Can Grocery Stores Do With Old Produce?

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Donate food to shelters, food banks and soup kitchens.
Use it to make prepared meals for customers to purchase.
Sell it to salvage stores that offer expired (but safe to eat) groceries at a steep discount.

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So, How Can We Reduce Grocery Store Waste?

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So, How Can We Reduce Grocery Store Waste?

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1. Don’t Overstock Shelves
2. Advertise Specials on “Ugly” Produce
3. Use Technology to Stock Smart
4. Partner With Food Donation Pros

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The numbers on children are even more dire: Massachusetts overall is projected to experience an 81 percent increase in the number of children at risk of experiencing hunger in 2020; in Eastern Massachusetts it's 93 percent, or one in six kids.

Massachusetts is projected to have the second-highest percentage change in the country for children living in food-insecure homes. (North Dakota is first, with a projected 96 percent increase in need.)

"Unfortunately, these new food insecurity projections do not surprise us as we have seen a dramatic increase in the demand for food in our region," said Catherine D'Amato, CEO of the Greater Boston Food Bank. She said the emergency food network in Eastern Massachusetts, which includes 550 partner agencies, has demonstrated incredible "resiliency during this difficult time and continues to heroically adapt to the needs of an ever-increasing number of people, many of whom have never had to rely on a food pantry for assistance to feed their family."

Even before the pandemic, Massachusetts was considered the most expensive state in terms of the cost of a meal. (Feeding America's figures tally a meal cost at $3.63.) And according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the price of groceries nationally grew 2.6 percent in April, the biggest increase from one month to the next since 1974.

In March, as the pandemic began to grind the economy to a halt, the Greater Boston Food Bank saw its highest monthly demand for food in its 40-year history and distributed more than 8.1 million pounds of food to pantries and other partners in Eastern Massachusetts.

But in April, the demand grew even higher: The food bank distributed 9.5 million pounds of food.

Such demand is playing out statewide, as the number of families and individuals served in March by the state's food pantries was up 46 percent from a year earlier.

Another sobering statistic: In Massachusetts, the rate of applications for the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, or SNAP, has risen 360 percent since the pandemic began. And those numbers apply only to residents who are qualified. The Kaiser Family Foundation estimates 8 percent of Massachusetts residents are noncitizens and therefore do not qualify for traditional safety net programs like SNAP.

In April, Governor Charlie Baker convened a Food Security Task Force to respond to the surging need, and earlier this week he announced Massachusetts would distribute $56 million to support groups working to address food insecurity throughout the state. The funds include $36 million in grants to support the infrastructure for food distribution, $12 million for the distribution of 25,000 family food boxes a week to food pantries throughout the state, $5 million to help promote access to healthy produce for those in need, and $3 million in immediate relief for pantries throughout the region.

"These funds jump-start some of the recommendations to address urgent needs and food supply chain issues due to the COVID-19 pandemic for communities across the Commonwealth," Baker said. "While COVID-19 has had a statewide impact, some of our communities and residents who have historically experienced food insecurity have been even more disproportionately impacted."

Among the many troubling findings in the task force's report: As of May 1, 107 food pantries in the state had closed "due to a variety of reasons, including lack of volunteers, inconsistent access to food, and being not able to handle the overwhelming new needs." The Greater Boston Food Bank says that several dozen have been able to get back online since the start of the month. Project Bread reported that calls to its FoodSource Hotline have quadrupled since the crisis started.

The task force identified disrupted supply chains, overtaxed relief efforts, and fear of exposure to the virus in high transmission areas as contributing factors.

On Wednesday, several members of the task force wrote to state legislators, pushing them to "invest in increasing access to and utilization of federal nutrition programs," arguing that SNAP provides $1.70 in economic stimulus for every $1 spent on food.

"The task force was working really fast, and it's a complicated set of issues, and there were very specific tactical things from members of the committee that we felt still hadn't been addressed," said Jen Faigel, the president of CommonWealth Kitchen and a task force member who signed the letter.

She said she's glad to be part of a group that's working so hard to address pressing concerns. But as the pandemic lasts, there's still so much more to do.

"What are we doing to leverage the infrastructure of restaurants and small businesses and caterers to be part of the feeding solution?" she asked. "There is an opportunity to use the crisis as a way to prop up all the businesses and the employees, many of whom are undocumented and those most in need."

Updated to reflect new information on some food pantries reopening in May.

Janelle Nanos can be reached at janelle.nanos@globe.com. Follow her on Twitter @janellenanos.

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More face hunger in Mass. as overwhelmed food pantries close - The Boston Globe

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The numbers on children are even more dire: Massachusetts overall is projected to experience an 81 percent increase in the number of children at risk of experiencing hunger in 2020; in Eastern Massachusetts it's 93 percent, or one in six kids. Massachusetts is projected to have the second-highest percentage change in the country for children living in food-insecure homes.

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-Grocery Stores Cause 10 Percent of U.S. Food Waste
-Up to 50 Percent of Produce Is Thrown Out While Still Edible
-Most grocery stores don’t donate food because they’re unsure how to do it safely and without worrying about lawsuits.
-this food waste is due to consumers’ often picky preferences. Stores toss “ugly” produce before it hits the shelves because they fear people won’t buy something that’s not shiny or perfectly shaped. For the same reason, stores ditch fruits that pick up slight bruising from sitting on the bottom of the display. These items are all perfectly good to eat—but stores don’t trust consumers to believe it.

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Why dont supermarket/groceries, ever donate their excess food? (Luc)

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Why dont supermarket/groceries, ever donate their excess food? (Luc)

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The reason for why they don't do it is liability, they don't want to donate food that can somehow get someone sick which they can sue the market.

They do not have enough spaces to store the food for agenices to go pick it up because leaving them somewhere can damage the food fast.  They don't know where to donate.
https://www.businessinsider.com/why-dont-some-grocery-stores-donate-food-to-poor-people-2014-10

The difficulty of transporting perishable food such as meat, vegetables and fruits.

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Please click here if you are not redirected within a few seconds.

For example, if food is lost or wasted in the production, storage or transportation stages, it can result in reduced food availability and increased vulnerability of our food system. ...

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how does food waste affect food security - Google Search

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Please click here if you are not redirected within a few seconds. For example, if food is lost or wasted in the production, storage or transportation stages, it can result in reduced food availability and increased vulnerability of our food system. ...

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Solution #3: Food waste and Food Insecurity

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Solution #3: Food waste and Food Insecurity

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We need a medium between food banks and (restaurants/markets/ farms). The main problem is that transporting nutritious food costs too much money for the business so it will be easier to dump it out.

Variations: app, volunteers, government job

We need to prove three things:
1. Food banks are having a shortage of nutritious food
2. (Restaurant/Supermarkets/Farms) are dumping excess nutritious food
3. One reason why (Restaurants/Supermarkets/Farms) are not donating their excess food is due to transportation cost

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Food waste

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not enough financial aid from government/ not qualified for financial aid

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No jobs due to quarantine

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Inaccessibility (for example transportation) to nutritious food

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Lack of money to buy nutritious food

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the state of being without reliable access to a sufficient quantity of affordable, nutritious food.

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Health
Make healthy foods more cheaper

-Food insecure leads to negative health condition

How did it happen
-healthy more expensive
-junk food is more taster to kids (they just like them better)
-more accessible to fast food chains or stores that selling snacks
parents are not knowledge about food insecure

Solution: Tax meat and use that to make healthy food cheaper.
Local farms,  Community farms.

Problems: taxing meat is like taxing wine or beer, people will get mad
NOt enough spaces because Boston is very dense and tight.

Low Income family are not getting the nutritious food because of the costs
how to cut down the distance
how to get people to eat locally
create a education program on how to eat local food
how to grow local farm

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-Day 1 Goal
create a well defined and understandable problem

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Meal for one person:
A good healthy meal to cook for yourself would be:  
Romaine lettuce, Brussels sprouts Green beans(whole), Mushroom(Crimini), Carrots(shredded), Whole wheat thin spaghetti( boxed), Red pepper, Grapes, green, seedless, Olives
= Prep time (40 minutes), Price in total ($9.28)
 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2847733/

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You can go shopping for food that would last you 1 whole month, at that time they don't have the money nor the patience to feed their family, a hindering factor would be distance and transportation, looking at the map you can see the supermarket are very spread out around Boston while fast-food chain is close to each other on every block.  A worthwhile meal at that time would consider cheap because many people don't have the time to cook the family a nice healthy meal. Instead of the same price they can get a quick and more consumption of food. Therefore a unbalance diet.

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1- Jerry
2- Luc
3- Jonathan.

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The map of all the fast food restaurant in the US, but just look at the East Coast alone

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The map of all the fast food restaurant in the US, but just look at the East Coast alone

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-There is already social inequality, but the coronavirus exposes the increasing gap between the lower income family, for example panic buying.
-Even if you are not financially struggling, you are forsaking the people who are. We should strive for a better world, and we can not do that by ignoring those who are not as well off. You can help those people by donating to food banks, or just be more aware of your surroundings, like wearing masks.

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Even though food insecure in bad, with covid, it is even more bad because of more unemployment therefore more family are being strict on money. Going out to shop for these items could be more dangerous.

The free food program today for covid was the example of BPS school delaying their shut down of school because they worry about the students who were food insecure and they couldn't feed them through school lunches.

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How do you make expensive food, inexpensive?

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How do you make expensive food, inexpensive?

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70% of low income family spending money on fruits and vegetable to meet dietary guidelines.

1. tax meat for cheaper fruit and vegetables

2. Donating more to Feeding America for them to add more food option.

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A Meat Tax to Make Fruits and Vegetables Cheaper?

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Why should we care about local market?

We should care because of the of health issue when it come to food insecurity. Many parents wants their kids to grow to be healthy and strong even if they are sacrificing their meals for their children. More than 11  million children starve, ""In households across the country, parents often work to shield their children from the fact there isn't enough food," said Christina Martinez, the child-nutrition manager for Feeding America"

https://patch.com/us/across-america/america-s-hungry-kids-13m-u-s-kids-don-t-have-enough-eat

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- Most low-wage jobs cannot be performed at home, so those workers are either experiencing lost wages or continuing to work, presumably risking their own health to the extent their roles require human interaction.
-Panic buying creates disadvantage for lower income families
- According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, people with serious underlying medical conditions  and older adults are at higher risk for experiencing severe illness as a result of contracting COVID-19. Individuals who experience food insecurity are more likely to have poorer health. An estimated 5.5 million seniors age 60 and older are food insecure, as are 4.8 million adults age 50-59, as seniors regularly face challenges accessing food due to mobility and transportation limitations, and with social distancing measures in place

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Mentions exceed those for healthcare, unemployment, other financial issues

PRINCETON, NJ -- When asked in an open-ended question to name the most important financial problem facing their families today, one in six Americans (17%) say low wages and a lack of money. Healthcare costs are next, at 14%. While the mentions of healthcare might be attributed to its prominence in the news, the issue of low wages may reflect another aspect of the job crisis in America today.

Too much debt ranks third, at 10%, followed by the cost of renting or owning a home at 9%. Unemployment is tied for fifth with college costs at 7%.

The percentage of Americans who name lack of money/low wages now matches the high on this measure since Gallup began asking the question in January 2005. It has been the most commonly mentioned issue each of the last three times Gallup has asked this question (April, June, and November 2009), and tied with too much debt as the top issue in February 2009.

Americans' concern about lack of money/low wages may explain why Gallup has seen evidence of a "paycheck effect" in its recent weekly updates on Americans' reported spending habits, with spending increasing in and around the most common paydays (the 1st and 15th of each month) and declining in other weeks. Americans have clearly dialed back their spending this year compared to last, and, given the apparent paycheck effect, may be waiting for that next check before opening their wallets at their local stores.
Commentary
Federal Reserve Board Chairman Ben Bernanke noted in a speech on Monday that many employers were cutting their workers' hours and reducing their pay. In a sense, this is a natural result of a double-digit unemployment rate and nearly one in five Americans' being unemployed or underemployed. U.S. companies have done a terrific job of cutting costs and increasing productivity to maintain profitability even as top-line revenues decline. With Americans fearing for their jobs and companies operating in survival mode, wages and incomes are likely to decline.

However, this low-wage aspect of today's global surplus of available labor is often lost during the discussion of job losses and the need for job creation. Low-wage and temporary jobs may help cushion some of the worst aspects of a double-digit unemployment rate, but only the creation of high-paying, quality jobs is going to get the U.S. economy back on the path to real economic health. As long as such jobs are not being created, a lack of money will not only inhibit consumer spending but also make it increasingly difficult for many Americans to pay their bills and manage their credit.

Right now, arguments continue to flourish over how many jobs were created by the emergency stimulus program passed earlier this year. But as interesting as that debate may be politically, the focus on the numbers illustrates the complexity of the current job crisis. Pay and the longer-term viability of the jobs created may be more important than the mere number of jobs in addressing not only the unemployment problem but also the low wages hurting many Americans families this holiday season.
Survey Methods
Results are based on telephone interviews with 1,008 national adults, aged 18 and older, conducted Nov. 5-8, 2009. For results based on the total sample of national adults, one can say with 95% confidence that the margin of error is ±3 percentage points.

Interviews are conducted with respondents on land-line telephones (for respondents with a land-line telephone) and cellular phones (for respondents who are cell-phone only).

In addition to sampling error, question wording and practical difficulties in conducting surveys can introduce error or bias into the findings of public opinion polls.

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Lack of Money/Wages Top Family Financial Problem in U.S.

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Reflecting an often-overlooked aspect of today's job crisis, one in six Americans now mention lack of money or low wages as the most important financial problem facing their families today -- tying a five-year high for the question and more than name healthcare, unemployment, or any other financial issue.

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How does the money come in to play with a bad diet? The biggest factor would be the pricing of healthy food and the pricing of your cheap fast food that you get the right way without cooking anything.

Meal for at least 2 to 3 person:
What can you get at McDonald
2 cheeseburger
Large fries
Small soft drinks
20 pc chicken nuggets
=Prep time (5 minutes), Price= $9.98

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They are all close to each other

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Using the cost per weight or portion also makes more sense. if you’re eating that 300 calorie donut you’re not getting nearly as many nutrients.

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Using the cost per weight or portion also makes more sense. if you’re eating that 300 calorie donut you’re not getting nearly as many nutrients.

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You may devour an unsatisfying donut for 300 calories but feel very satisfied after a 95-calorie apple.

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-There has been a huge unemployment wave from the coronavirus. No job = no money.
-The government is funding business more then the individual household. The stimulus check is not enough because its a one time payment. It may help now, but we don't know when the virus will end. Furthermore there is miscommunication between government and individual regarding stimulus checks: https://money.usnews.com/money/personal-finance/articles/why-havent-i-received-a-stimulus-check#:~:text=You%20Aren't%20Getting%20a,%24136%2C500%20for%20head%20of%20household.
-Coronavirus further exposes the increasing Social inequality: https://www.axios.com/high-poverty-neighborhoods-coronavirus-f3f5fc8e-ba6a-413d-9751-292892fdf4cc.html
Poorer neighborhoods, which logically comprises of low income family have less access to important facilities, lower wage jobs, higher crime rates, and higher mortality rates

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-Why is there a lack of money for many families in the richest country?
-How does the corona-virus affect this or expose some truth regarding this situation?

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Impact of the coronavirus Nationwide and Individually
(Macro vs Micro)

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120 participants of low-income part take in survey to identify their diet.

-58% of participant annual income is 21,000 or less.

-98% of the participant are Hispanic

-91% of student participate in the free food program at school

In the study,  where they conduct a survey asking low income family on the situation they are in when it comes to food. data shows VLFS (very low food secure) and LFS (low food secure). The VFLS shown that they intake 200 KCAL.

Its state that the children were not very affect by the food insecure but more of the parents that were sacrificing  their health to give the food their children, therefore they can consume unhealthy eating habit by purchasing fast food for a quick and easy lunch.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4459589/#R7

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We need foods for protein, to make our bones/ and body strong, to eat when we're hungry, we need  food to be strong and healthy. Water is used to also get energy to our body, or its used when we're thirsty.

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We need foods for protein, to make our bones/ and body strong, to eat when we're hungry, we need  food to be strong and healthy. Water is used to also get energy to our body, or its used when we're thirsty.

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-Growth and development
-For consumers, trade brings the choice of new products and services, at a lower price. This matters most for the poor, where every dollar counts.
-When goods cross borders multiple times, even small trade frictions add up, whether tariffs or inefficient border procedures. Higher import costs can also mean less competitive exports, which can result in less revenue, and so fewer local jobs.
-A world with no or minimal international guidelines for the standards countries use for public health and safety would be chaos for exporters and importers.
-International collaboration on trade-related issues can also help deal with the tragedy of the commons.

*The tragedy of the commons is a situation in a shared-resource system where individual users, acting independently according to their own self-interest, behave contrary to the common good of all users by depleting or spoiling the shared resource through their collective action.

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Five reasons not to give up on global trade

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Trade expanded by more than 7% a year between 1990-2000, contributing to economic activity and helping to lift around a billion people out of poverty.

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The reason why people might buy more fast foods is because they're faster to get, cheap, and good. Reasons why Healthy foods are 

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The reason why people might buy more fast foods is because they're faster to get, cheap, and good. Reasons why Healthy foods are 

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 why are healthy foods more expensive than junk foods.                        

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 why are healthy foods more expensive than junk foods.                        

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On average, a day’s worth of the most healthy diet patterns cost about $1.50 more per day than the least healthy ones. Costs for one person by about $550 per year. This would represent a real burden for some families. So that is why people stick to junk foods because they spend less and get fuller than with healthy foods.

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Meta-analysis pinpoints the price difference of consuming a healthy diet, which could be burden for low-income families but is trivial compared with health costs of eating an unhealthy diet

For immediate release: Thursday, December 5, 2013

Boston, MA - The healthiest diets cost about $1.50 more per day than the least healthy diets, according to new research from Harvard School of Public Health (HSPH). The finding is based on the most comprehensive examination to date comparing prices of healthy foods and diet patterns vs. less healthy ones.

The study will be published online December 5, 2013 in BMJ (British Medical Journal) Open.

"People often say that healthier foods are more expensive, and that such costs strongly limit better diet habits," said lead author Mayuree Rao, a junior research fellow in the Department of Epidemiology at HSPH. "But, until now, the scientific evidence for this idea has not been systematically evaluated, nor have the actual differences in cost been characterized."

To address this question, the HSPH researchers conducted a meta-analysis of 27 existing studies from 10 high-income countries that included price data for individual foods and for healthier vs. less healthy diets. They evaluated the differences in prices per serving and per 200 calories for particular types of foods, and prices per day and per 2,000 calories (the United States Department of Agriculture's recommended average daily calorie intake for adults) for overall diet patterns. Both prices per serving and per calorie were assessed because prices can vary depending on the unit of comparison.

The researchers found that healthier diet patterns-for example, diets rich in fruits, vegetables, fish, and nuts-cost significantly more than unhealthy diets (for example, those rich in processed foods, meats, and refined grains). On average, a day's worth of the most healthy diet patterns cost about $1.50 more per day than the least healthy ones.

The researchers suggested that unhealthy diets may cost less because food policies have focused on the production of "inexpensive, high volume" commodities, which has led to "a complex network of farming, storage, transportation, processing, manufacturing, and marketing capabilities that favor sales of highly processed food products for maximal industry profit." Given this reality, they said that creating a similar infrastructure to support production of healthier foods might help increase availability-and reduce the prices-of more healthful diets.

"This research provides the most complete picture to-date on true cost differences of healthy diets," said [[Dariush Mozaffarian]], the study's senior author and associate professor at HSPH and Harvard Medical School. "While healthier diets did cost more, the difference was smaller than many people might have expected. Over the course of a year, $1.50/day more for eating a healthy diet would increase food costs for one person by about $550 per year. This would represent a real burden for some families, and we need policies to help offset these costs. On the other hand, this price difference is very small in comparison to the economic costs of diet-related chronic diseases, which would be dramatically reduced by healthy diets."

Other HSPH authors included research fellows [[Ashkan Afshin]] (Department of Epidemiology) and [[Gitanjali Singh]] (Department of Nutrition).

Funding for the study came from a Genes and Environment Initiative (GENI) grant from HSPH; a National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Cardiovascular Epidemiology Training Grant in Behavior, the Environment, and Global Health (T32 HL098048); and from a National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases Training Grant in Academic Nutrition (T32 DK007703).

"Do Healthier Foods and Diet Patterns Cost More Than Less Healthy Options? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," Mayuree Rao, Ashkan Afshin, Gitanjali Singh, Dariush Mozaffarian, BMJ Open, December 5, 2013

For more information:

Marge Dwyer
617.432.8416
mhdwyer@hsph.harvard.edu
photo: iStockphoto.com Harvard School of Public Health brings together dedicated experts from many disciplines to educate new generations of global health leaders and produce powerful ideas that improve the lives and health of people everywhere. As a community of leading scientists, educators, and students, we work together to take innovative ideas from the laboratory and the classroom to people's lives-not only making scientific breakthroughs, but also working to change individual behaviors, public policies, and health care practices. Each year, more than 400 faculty members at HSPH teach 1,000-plus full-time students from around the world and train thousands more through online and executive education courses. Founded in 1913 as the Harvard-MIT School of Health Officers, the School is recognized as the oldest professional training program in public health.

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Eating healthy vs. unhealthy diet costs about $1.50 more per day

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For immediate release: Thursday, December 5, 2013 Boston, MA - The healthiest diets cost about $1.50 more per day than the least healthy diets, according to new research from Harvard School of Public Health (HSPH). The finding is based on the most comprehensive examination to date comparing prices of healthy foods and diet patterns vs.

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-It’s much harder to repurposed supply chains than people assume
-Nationalism will rise, and continue to rise
-There will be harsh consequences of Governments moving to prevent exports

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The Covid-19 virus is severely affecting international trade, creating a negative economic outlook. Consequently, the global economy is receiving its sharpest reversal since the Great Depression, IMF warns. "This is a crisis like no other," suggests Kristalina Georgieva, Managing Director of the International Monetary Fund (IMF). "Never in the history of the IMF have we witnessed the world economy coming to a standstill," she said. "It is way worse than the global financial crisis."

Georgieva's comments are supported by worrying fiscal data that shows the number of Americans seeking unemployment benefits hit a record high for the second week in a row. More than 6.6 million filed jobless claims in the week ended March 28, according to the Department of Labor.

The virus has now infected over 125,000 people, and the death toll has surpassed 4,000 worldwide, with both expected to rise as the outbreak spreads. And so, what are the implications on global trade that lie ahead? Three, in particular, stand out and forecast a challenging route ahead - one that will require courage to tread.

But that is courage - balancing realism and optimism in a dire situation such as this is.

Jim Collins calls such balance the Stockdale Paradox, and suggests confronting reality, however stark, is vital to success. This type of paradoxical thinking defines philosophies for great leaders, whether it's weathering through torturous imprisonment in a POW camp or facing Covid-19 hardships. The inherent contradictory dichotomy demonstrates an insightful perspective and challenges unbridled optimists and positivity peddlers, who may find the three implications on global trade that lie ahead difficult to accept.
1.It's much harder to repurpose supply chains than people assume
Uncertainty is the biggest hurdle for businesses because it impedes their ability to plan and commit financial and human resources to specific projects and keep their costs low. They do their best to predict demand for several months in advance. But it is hard to do that now because supply chains are so global. For those businesses fortunate enough to have increased demand, say, ventilators, and medical supplies manufacturers, ramping up production is not at all simple. Inputs are typically required from several suppliers who may be located in different places, some of which are experiencing lockdowns. As such, there is a much talk about repurposing factories. We read of companies like Dyson and Airbus trying to manufacture medical equipment, but this is not so straightforward. It is difficult to repurpose factories, to retrain workers, arrange new suppliers, and acquire the necessary certifications.

However, the most significant challenges lie in the inherent weaknesses of the distribution and logistics aspects of supply chains. Logistics and distribution are very people-intensive. One cannot load ships, inspect goods, drive trucks, trains without people. We know that a good percentage of these people are unable to work because they are not considered essential or are infected. Even when they are not, there may be restrictions on their movement. In short, while there may be goods available for purchase (for instance, China has plenty of PPE supplies), but how do you get them to where they are needed, in Europe or America? Thus, it may require governments to reconsider the essential professions, and expand to include them in the long-run. Nonetheless, costs will rise, as these people will want to be appropriately compensated.
2.Nationalism will rise, and continue to rise
We've seen some governments take action to block the export of items they deem critical. Therefore, it's likely will see more and more nationalism when it comes to what individual governments regard to be essential resources and goods for their populations. We have seen the issue of food security. Countries such as Kazakhstan, Serbia, and Morocco have acted to secure food supplies and have sought to limit exports of critical staples, such as wheat, rice among others. Nationalism extends to the broader concept of 'national security'. As such, we are seeing several countries invoke restrictions or taking action to secure medical supplies. India has banned the export of 'key' medicines, from as simple things as paracetamol to face masks and chloroquine. The U.S. has threatened to nationalize key firms making medical equipment, on the grounds of national security, invoking wartime powers, because, as Trump argues, 'we are at war' which extends beyond U.S. borders.

The U.S. is trying to sequester 3M's output of safety equipment from its Singapore factory exclusively for the U.S., even though 3M has been producing for other customers. Global value chains make this strong-arming difficult. Ventilators made by Philips in its U.S. factory need components from Europe. Attempts to force Philips to prioritize U.S. customers over legally contracted orders, and in defiance of the E.U. may lead to a new kind of trade war for control of critical resources.

Ventilators made by Philips (the Dutch firm) in its U.S. factory need components from Europe.
Getty Images

3.There will be harsh consequences of Governments moving to prevent exports
If the U.S. acts to nationalize firms, redirect orders, or restrict exports, the E.U. will follow suit. However, the E.U. and the U.S. have enough economic power that they will probably work out some deal. One should worry most about developing countries without any domestic suppliers, who also need critical medical supplies, and who will be locked out, and not access essential equipment, medicines, and basic foodstuffs because of export restrictions in the developed countries. We already see a 5-fold rise in prices for medical supplies, and it will be hard for poorer countries to afford them.

Demand for many commodities, including petroleum, has been falling rapidly, and this will also create a balance of payments problems for countries in Latin America and Africa who rely on exports of these commodities to finance their imports. We are likely to see these currencies devalue. And if the crises continue for longer, these countries will have difficulties selling their products and services, for which markets will have collapsed.

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3 Severe Implications Of Coronavirus On Global Trade

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The Covid-19 virus is severely affecting international trade, creating a negative economic outlook as severe as the Great Depression. And so, what are the implications on global trade? Three stand out and forecast a difficult route ahead - learn what they are, and prepare for the rough ride ahead

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The state of being unable to access nutritious food due to the lack of resources such as lock down, transportation, money, social inequality, environmental reasoning, and unemployment.

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Have you or anyone you know experienced food insecurity?

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Have you or anyone you know experienced food insecurity?

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-Keep the purpose: Money
-Topic: Money

-Explain the why.
Why we care, why should people care, who should care.

-Connect it back to money.
If we are talking exportation, shipping, manufacture of food, local markets, fast food. Connect it back to money

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Coronavirus definitely damaged the economy in many ways. The reason why the lack of trade is very important to the everyone is due to the fact that food security could very well be jeopardize. Many countries due to their geographic placement must specialize in some form and way. Many countries are not self-sufficient. Food, which is one of the specialized production will increase in price as there will be a shortage of multiple nutritious food. People would have to rely on unhealthy food that is cheap, such as fast food. Furthermore people will lose their jobs in those fields creating unemployment.

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More Local Market such as a retail store that sells farmers product, a super market

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More Local Market such as a retail store that sells farmers product, a super market

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-Why add more Local Market?
Adding a local market or super market will help family have a more a diverse diet allowing them to eat healthy, be healthy and being able to feed a family at a lower cost in the future. Its all about saving money especially now during a pandemic where saving money and buy only necessity and healthy food.

-How do you integrate more Local Market in?
. A way you integrate these super market into community is presenting data to the people in charge, mayors, governors, or the communities. Collecting data by doing survey, working with health partners that deal with helping family for food stamp, asking people around on their struggle and are they food insecure. Having a data and having a face for every answers  can help persuade the higher ups knowing there are people who are eating unhealthy because of a lack of financial support, or environment they are in.

-Where to add these Local Market?
On the map it represent the location of "all" the supermarket, fast food, or restaurant, and you can see how spread out the super markets are compare to the the fast food chain.  Try adding a small super market store between the fast food  location.

-What are some of the challenges when adding a local market?
The cost of building a local market but also transporting food such as organic fruits and vegetable, meat and other items. If we are building a local market, there is a chance the place might be close to many homes because of spaces. Therefore you might have to travel a distance to go shopping.
Depending on the food, the prices of the fruits and vegetable might be at a higher cost therefore it is unappealing for family to go out of their way to buy these food.
Integrating more super market can be tricky being the cost to build one but also having farmer market willing to sell their item at the super market, or transporting good for consumer to buy.
-Who is benefiting from the integration of local market?
Low Income family
People of minority (HIspanics, black, people of color)
People who lives very far from a near by local market
People who relies on fast food chains to feed them and their family

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Trade amongst countries in terms of economics/money 

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Trade amongst countries in terms of economics/money 

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-Trading with another country is always better in terms of efficiency and production. More production and efficiency equals stronger economy, which is related to money
-Since the coronavirus many countries will decide to isolate themselves by shutting down airports or any means of transportation meaning less exports/imports.
-Some countries don't have farmland/fertile land for any crops, so this will greatly affect them.
-The same countries can provide labor or any material unique to that country. Other nations will not have access to that then.

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What can we do to Prevent food insecurity

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What can we do to Prevent food insecurity

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HOW the corona-virus affected food insecurity in terms of money/economics

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HOW the corona-virus affected food insecurity in terms of money/economics

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-Many companies/business closed down or have less customers
-Unemployment/low wage
-At least in the beginning, people began hoarding and clearing food aisle
-Food, especially crops are increasing in price due to lack of labor
-Less trade among countries/shutdown of some airports/cargo ships, so less food imports/exports

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In area where fast food properly dominates the resident therefore easy access to food but lack healthy food.

Connected Today:

Lockdown= fear of covid and their health. Grumbhub, Post-mate, or fast food deliver service is more accessible, cheaper and faster  then going shopping therefore bad diet = food insecurity

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-Under-employment
-unemployment
-poverty

Connected Today:
-Covid
-Many losses jobs
-Strict on money = buy cheap food (fast food)

Reason for being strict on money because your lose your job, business closing, less money more desperate on saving.

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Take things step by step

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How has the current pandemic attributed to food insecurity?

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How has the current pandemic attributed to food insecurity?

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Brainstorming food insecurity.

Define food insecurity.