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Elders production methods include growing and producing crops by using tools and machines to save money. They set their prices based of competition and what customers are willing to spend. The employment has been affected by changes in technology, where less people are required. Elders produce agricultural products based on what customers want. They buy and sell products from different countries, making it so all global markets affect all choices they make.

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Elders, a real estate company use the production method of trying to attract customers to their business, so they can sell their houses for them, or attract buying customers to their real estate company, to buy houses off them. Prices can vary, as difference in the pricing of housing can vary greatly. Employment per office can vary from 5-20 people in each small office. Its profits have been reported to be $184.2M

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ExxonMobil Australia, one of the country’s largest contributors to GDP, has been criticised for reducing its tax payments through strategies like intercompany loans and transfer pricing. These practices affect many of its business decisions. By paying less tax, the company can invest more in advanced production methods and efficient extraction technologies, which increases output. It also gives them flexibility in setting prices and allows for the creation of more jobs, including training for specialised roles. Higher retained profits let ExxonMobil expand its range of products, including exploring renewable energy, and strengthen its position in global markets. At the same time, public and government scrutiny encourage the company to consider environmental sustainability in its operations.

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Production methods  - Elders decides how to grow and produce crops using tools and machines that are able to save time and money.

Prices  - They set their prices based off costs, competition and what their customers are willing to pay

Employment  - Changes in technology and demand can mean hiring more workers or firing people if more machines are used.

Output  - Elders decides how much product to make depending on the demand

Profits  - Their decisions aim to keep making money by controlling costs and selling products at considerable prices

Types of products  - Elders sell agricultural products based off what their customers want and what items make them the most money

Globalisation - Elders buys and sells products across different countries, therefore global markets do affect their choices

Environmental sustainability - Elders tries to use farming methods that protect the environment and try to reduce environmental harm

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Ford Motor Company of Australia Ltd has shifted from local manufacturing to importing vehicles, impacting its production methods by ending domestic assembly in 2016. Prices are now influenced by global markets and import costs. Employment significantly declined with factory closures, reducing local jobs. Output decreased domestically but remained stable globally. Profits depend on sales performance and cost efficiency. Product offerings have shifted to popular models like SUVs and pickups. Globalisation allows access to international markets and supply chains. Ford emphasizes environmental sustainability through electric vehicle development and reducing emissions in production, aligning with global environmental standards and consumer expectations.

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ExxonMobil is one of the largest natural gas companies in the world and was notably ranked among the top tax dodgers of 2023. Despite this reputation, the company emphasizes its commitment to sustainability and a positive environmental impact. ExxonMobil's business operations span the entire energy sector, including exploration, production, refining, and marketing of oil and gas products. While they have generated $82 billion in revenue over the past eight years without paying taxes, the company also highlights its efforts to reduce emissions and invest in renewable energy, positioning itself as a leader in the transition to more sustainable energy practices.

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ford motor with 27.6 billion in income but only 172 million in taxable income (0.62 percent margin) likely focuses on cutting costs through automation. To stay competitive they could keep prices low and manage costs tightly which could lead to more automation and fewer jobs. Ford may boost production to improve profits and even expand into electric vehicles industry. they might source cheaper parts or invest in greener techs to be more environmentally friendly.

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Exxon Mobil is one of the largest natural gas companies in the world, and the biggest tax dodgers of 2023. Exxon's business tactics are mainly surrounded by their interest in sustainability and a positive environmental impact. This is shown by their efforts to reduce emissions and investments within renewable energy.

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Exxon Mobile is one of the largest energy companies in the world.
The company is involved in various aspects of the energy industry, including exploration, production, refining, distribution, and marketing of oil and gas products. It operates across multiple segments, including Upstream (exploration and production), Downstream (refining and marketing); they basically do everything in regard to fossil fuels and stuff like that. After cumulating 82,381,091,222 in revenue over eight years, they have managed to pay zero dollars in tax. This heavily eroded their public licence, as seen by the fact that the company appeared on the top 40 tax dodgers list.

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Spotless Group Holdings Limited is an Australian company that provides facility services on commercial scales, such as cleaning, maintenance, catering, and laundry. It was acquired by Downer Group in 2017, which is a prominent provider of services to customers in markets such as transportation, utilities, and management. "After three years and $7.2 billion in revenue, the company managed to only book $12.6 million in taxable income on which it paid no tax." (West and West, 2018).

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Virgin Australia is an air travel service. It made $40bn but paid no tax. The executives reside overseas in places where tax is optional. Virgin Australia's planes run off fossil fuels. This means this company is polluting our planet and paying no tax for it.

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ING is a banking firm that is a subsidary of the Dutch global banking group. ING is a foriegn bank that does not pay as much tax in Australia as they should be. Over the last 3 years ING in Australia made 6.27 billion Australian dollars. However, they paid only 4.69 millions Australian dollars. This is done

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multinational companies move their income offshore to their other offices and their subsidiary companies in countries with low tax rates (Luxemburg, Bermuda, British Virgin Islands, Singapore), while at the same time moving their debts to high tax jurisdictions like Australia, where they get better deductions for debts or expenses.

Money moves back-and-forth around the globe in order to take advantage of every tax break, discount and loophole possible.

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due to the rise of renewables, traditional coal has begun to decline as a source of energy. They are battling falling prices and rising costs; and income tax is levied on profits, not revenues. They enjoy access and protection of the law, being big users of Australia's legal system. But obviously like most other sectors at the moment, a lot of their business decisions are being effected by COVID-19.