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5th Amendment
-topics and issues including the grand jury, double jeopardy, self-incrimination ("taking the fifth"), due process, and eminent domain

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Due Process of Law: Crash Course Government and Politics #28

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Probable Cause
-reasonable grounds to investigate

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Miranda v. Arizona
-established Miranda rights being told to you prior to getting arrested

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Civil Rights Act of 1964
-ended segregation in public places and banned employment discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex or national origin

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Dred Scott Case
-ruled that slaves are property and declining property to the owner is unconstitutional

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Plessy v. Ferguson
-ruled that segregation in public facilities was constitutional separate but equal

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4th Amendment
- right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue,

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Exclusionary Rule
-law that prohibits illegally
obtained evidence being used in criminal trial

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Due Process
-fair treatment by the judicial system

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Double Jeopardy
-prosecution for the same crime twice

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De Jure segregation
-the legal segregation of specific groups

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14th Amendment
-granted citizenship to “all persons born or naturalized in the United States,” which included former slaves recently freed

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Corporations,  Black People & 14th Amendment

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Brown v. Board
-declared segregation in public schools unconstitutional

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Equal Protection
-clause in the 14th amendment that grants same rights, predigests, and protection for citizens in all states

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Mapp v. Ohio
-all evidence found that was in violation of the 4th amendment is inadmissible

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Jim Crow
-laws used in the south to segregate African Americans

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7th Amendment
-guarantees a jury trial in court

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Gideon v. Wainwright
-ruled that states need to provide attorneys in criminal cases when the defendant can't afford them

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De Facto Segregation
-segregation that happens naturally because of where you live

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Korematsu v. US
-ordered Japanese in military camps regardless of citizenship

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1st Amendment

- freedom of assembly, freedom of the press, freedom of religion, and freedom of speech.

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8th Amendment
-no cruel and unusual punishments inflicted

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2nd Amendment
-protects the right of the people to keep and bear arms

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Nazis v. Skokie
- dealing with freedom of speech and freedom of assembly

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Defamatory Speech
-speech that hurts someones rep

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Slander/Libel
-saying or writing down something that ruins someones rep

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Seditious Speech
-threatening to overthrow the government

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Lemon v. Kurtzman
-ruled that Pennsylvania schools were in violation of the Establishment Clause

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Prior Restraint
-making sure something doesn't get released to the public so it doesn't cause panic

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Free Exercise Clause
-can't make a law prohibiting religion

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Rational Basis Test
-the way they review if a law is constitutional or not

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Roe v. Wade
-stated laws against abortion are unconstitutional

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Affirmative Action
-promoting the education and employment of people previously discriminated against

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Engel v. Vitale
-declared school sponsored prayer unconstitutional

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Incorporation Doctrine
-law that says the states have some power of the bill of rights

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Symbolic Speech
-actions that convey a specific message

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Bakke Case
-ruled racial quotas when admitting students in college is unconstitutional but affirmative action is constitutional

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Suspect Classifications
-classifications of groups that may be discriminated

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Speech Plus
-conveying a message or idea through behavior

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Establishment Clause
-clause in first amendment that prohibits establishment of religion by congress