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The numbers of the different groups of people that were killed in Jasenovac are very controversial, but according to the United States holocaust museum it is estimated that around 77,000 to 99,000 people were killed in Jasenovac, and nearly 20,000 of those people were Jews. The Serbian people were the majority of the victims whose lives were taken in Jasenovac, with around 56% of the fatalities being Serbians. The living conditions of Jasenovac were much like the other concentration camps of the time period, but was also considered one of the worst concentration camps.

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A month later they made a much bigger step towards persecution of the Jews with the creation of the Jasenovac concentration camp, which was around 60 miles from Zagreb. Much like in other Nazi camps, the Jews and other prisoners were lined up in Jasenovac, every third person that was selected in the line would become “liquidated.” Mara Vejnović described this in more detail: “I was lined up with a number of camp inmates. This was the formation. On this occasion it was selection by number...However, the Jews were not counted off. They were simply brought in groups and lined up in columns to be liquidated. The entire group was a column for liquidation.” In short, if you were a Jew in Jasenovac, the only way of survival was to escape, and of course that was nearly impossible. The word liquidated is one that Mara and many other survivors use to describe the mass killings, liquidation is typically a word with business connotations and not to describe mass murders.

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The Nazis invaded Yugoslavia in April, 1941 and the leader of the Croatian Peasant Party, was not okay with this outside government stepping in to instruct their government. Around a week later the Ustasha was created, which took out all the police in Zagreb and marked the creation of the Independent state of Croatia. Ante Pavelic was the leader of the Ustasha left his station in Italy to come back home to Zagreb(a few hundred others came with him) in order to pursue the new governmental power in Croatia. The Nazis soon after arrived in Croatia, and it was decided that the Ustasha would be allowed to control a section of Croatia, but under the full command of Adolf Hitler. The Ustasha killed around 90% of all of the Jews in Croatia, the other 10% were sent over to the Nazis for placement in their concentration camps, truly horrifying.

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The Jews were treated well in Croatia(relatively), much different than in cities such as Russia and Poland. They had much bigger opportunities than Jews forced into labor, as they were able to get jobs and education on their own terms. Although the Jews were treated well in this time, Croatia, much like many other countries of the period, had a history of bigoted attitudes towards Jews. In 1858, the people of Croatia turned against the Jews because they were stealing all of the jobs, which is a very common story/reason for hatred of Jews.

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Handcuffs from the Prisoners of Jasenovac 

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Handcuffs from the Prisoners of Jasenovac 

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Survivors of Jasenovac Standing on the Bank of the Sava River

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Survivors of Jasenovac Standing on the Bank of the Sava River

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This is where many of the corpses were disposed of by the Ustasha.

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They are weaving baskets, and are noticeably skinny because they were not given much food.

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How Prisoners Were Chosen to be Liquidated

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How Prisoners Were Chosen to be Liquidated

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"This was the formation. On this occasion it was selection by number. This time by threes. Every third person was selected to step out of the column, out of the formation, to be liquidated. However, the Jews were not counted off. They were simply brought in groups and lined up in columns to be liquidated. The entire group was a column for liquidation. ” -Mara Vejnovic(Survivor)

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This Map Displays the Distance Between Zagreb and Jasenovac

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This Map Displays the Distance Between Zagreb and Jasenovac

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Two Jewish Women and a Child Posing in Zagreb Prior to the Holocaust

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Two Jewish Women and a Child Posing in Zagreb Prior to the Holocaust

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This is the entrance to Jasenovac, titled: "radna sluzba ustaske obrane" which means labor service for the ustasha defense.

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This is the road that Jews and many others were taken on to be transported into Jasenovac. The sides of the roads are covered in clothes that were presumably stolen from these people

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This stone flower is used to represent the victims of the Jasenovac camp, it is placed where Jasenovac was. It was sculpted by Dušan Džamonja.