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Film editing is both a creative and a technical part of the post-production process of filmmaking. it's when a film editor works with raw footage selecting shot's and combining them into sequences which creates a finished film or video. Film editing is an art unique to cinema, film editing is often referred to as the invisible art because when the editing in a film is done well the viewer can become so engaged that he or she is not aware of the editor's work.editing is important because it establishes continuity involving action moving from one sequence into another, is attributed to British film pioneer
Robert W. Paul s Come Along Do!, made in 1898 and one of the first films to feature more than one shot. editing is also used to convey storytelling like linear and no linear stories, linear stories have a beginning a middle and a ending. A non linear story line is where the ending or the middle is at the start pulp fiction is an example of  a non linear narrative where the beginning is somewhere in the middle. Quick pace editing is used to make the audience feel on edge it's typically used in action movies and thrillers it creates excitement and a fast sense of pace on the other hand there's slow pace editing which favors a slow build up to build tension and suspense.Films like Hereditary employ this technique to create a heavy atmosphere, slow pace editing is associated with the horror genre ,the come play with us scene in The Shining is a good example of a slow pace edit the first cut happens at 17 seconds in this is a good example of building tension and atmosphere another film would be Nina Forever the beginning is pretty slow paced i think it adds to the pretty depressing and drab start and especially between the conversations. An example of fast paced editing in action films would be Mission Impossible Fallout the bike chase scene adds to the intensity of the scene because it creates anticipation and a sense of urgency the tension and the pace builds up over time to where it becomes fast paced. Another example would be Hector vs Achilles in TROY the editing moves back and forth in pace to suit what both the characters are doing if there fighting at full speed then the editing changes to suit the speed of them fighting.

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In camera editing is a technique where, instead of editing the shots in a film into sequence after shooting, the director or cinematographer instead shoots the sequences in strict order. The resulting edit is therefore already complete when the film is developed.
A benefit of the technique, now irrelevant due to the rise of digital video, is a reduction in the cost of the production. When the cost of film was a significant fraction of the budget, filmmakers used this technique to maximize film usage. Alfred Hitchcock and Jean-Luc Godard were two directors who employed this technique in there films. Hitchcock used it in Rope and Godard used it in Breathless both of these directors helped make In camera editing what it is today, Breathless was filmed on a hand held camera using Iiford Hps Film because Godard tasked the cinematographer Raoul Coutard to create a film with a handheld camera with next to no lighting in order to shoot in low light levels coutard had to use  Iford Hps film.

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Montage  is a technique in film editing in which a series of short shots are edited into a sequence to condense space, time, and information. The term has been used in various contexts.it was introduced to cinema primarily by Sergei Eisenstein, and early Soviet directors used it as a synonym for creative editing. In French the word montage applied to cinema simply denotes editing. An example of montage editing would be the opening sequence to the film Hot Fuzz the montage cuts between different training exercises at the police academy and through his promotion all the way to modern day it's an effective technique to use if you want to tell a story in a short amount of time that would otherwise take a lot longer.

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Shot variation is important in action films for example because you want to keep it varied so the audience doesn't get bored it allows the audience to keep focus on all angles of the action instead of relying on one point of view. Alfred Hitchcock used shot variation to create tension and suspense in scenes sometimes staying on a shot for a extended period of time he also used point of view shots to create a sense of voyeurism the camera sort of acts like a window and that paired with his close, medium and over the shoulder shot's create a very intimate viewing experience.

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Analogue editing was around before digital editing came along editing was done by hand You had a copy of the positive film where all the footage went onto when it was filmed. They then took the film and cut it in different parts using a splicer and pasted it onto different pieces of film to create the cutaways. With analogue editing it then had to be fed through a machine, this shows how much the editing techniques has changed over the years how now it can all be done on a computer and no messing around is needed. This process was very time consuming and it would take month's to edit small clips.

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Digital editing is the opposite of analogue instead of cutting and tapping bits of film's together you upload your footage onto a program like Adobe Premier pro  there are different types of editing softwares like premier pro, vegas and final cut pro this also varies on what computer you have. this form of editing is easier because you can order you're footage in order with a few clicks and it's also visible what shot is what.

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Seamless editing is where you put two different pieces of film together to create a neat, smooth piece of film that runs into each piece of each other easily.
This could be taking two different shots of film from totally different times, yet as the character walks down the same street and into the same building, you would mirror the image and create a seamless edit. An example of this would be the new advert for the john lewis advert as it shows two different people walking down the same street and going into the same building. This shows the seamless edit, as it smoothly runs through and looks like one piece of film.

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Dissolve-  A gradual transition from one image to another. The terms fade-out (also called fade to black) and fade-in are used to describe a transition to and from a blank image. This is in contrast to a cut where there is no such transition.

Fade-  A fade is different to a crossfade, which is a transition directly between two shots rather than one shot to a colour. The "fade from black" and "fade to black" are ubiquitous in film and television. They usually signal the beginning and end of a scene.

Wipe- wipe is a type of film transition where one shot replaces another by travelling from one side of the frame to another or with a special shape. If the wipe proceeds from two opposite edges of the screen toward the center or vice versa, it is known as a barn door wipe (named for its similarity to a pair of doors opening or closing).

Pov shot-  point of view shot (also known as POV shot, first-person shot or a subjective camera) is a short film scene that shows what a character (the subject) is looking at (represented through the camera). It is usually established by being positioned between a shot of a character looking at something, and a shot showing the character's reaction . The technique of POV is one of the foundations of film editing.

cut-In the post-production process of film editing and video editing, a cut is an abrupt, but usually trivial film transition from one sequence to another.

Cutaways-In film and video, a cutaway shot is the interruption of a continuously filmed action by inserting a view of something else. It is usually, although not always, followed by a cut back to the first shot, when the cutaway avoids a jump cut.

Shot reverse shot-Shot reverse shot (or shot/counter-shot) is a film technique where one character is shown looking at another character (often off-screen), and then the other character is shown looking back at the first character.

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In filmmaking the 180 rule is a basic guideline regarding
the on-screen spatial relationship between a character and another character or object within a scene. By keeping the camera on one side of an imaginary axis between two characters, the first character is always frame right of the second character. Moving the camera over the axis is called jumping the line or crossing the line; breaking the 180-degree rule by shooting on all sides is known as shooting in the round

The 180-degree rule enables the audience to visually connect with unseen movement happening around and behind the immediate subject and is particularly important in the narration of battle scenes.

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Editing can provide information to the viewer it can also withhold information. An example of this would be in the Silence of The Lambs in a particular scene they use parallel editing. parallel editing is the technique of alternating two or more scenes that happen simultaneously but take place in different locations, in the film it alternates between two things buffalo bill and the police outside, it cuts back and forth ramping up the tension but the viewer is unaware that there in different locations until the final moment when Clarice knocks on his door ,this a good example of providing and withholding information An example of just providing information would be cutting to a establishing shot to maybe provide context to a scene if for example the location has suddenly changed this is too not confuse the audience

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Viewers know when a film lacks rhythm because they can sense the abrupt transitions or when the audio pops, even when the composition lacks balance or even when the image was shot without proper white balance. setting the pace for an edit is pretty important to the story telling aspect because it establishes the pace for the film some films are pretty slow like Hereditary for example it's a very slow burn and that's typical for most horror films in action for example the pace is pretty fast, films like Baby Driver for example cut to the beat they do this to create pace and excitement within a scene for example in the opening scene of Baby Driver the music gets louder and the songs change as the scene progresses when it goes to the car chase the editing cuts to the beat to match the pace and the action of the car chase.

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I used premier pro as my software to edit my short film it