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http://blog.oregonlive.com/homesandgardens/2010/02/20th-century_collectibles_1920.html

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Sources: Radio, Motion Pictures, & Automobiles 

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Sources: Radio, Motion Pictures, & Automobiles 

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“1920's Automobiles and Road Transportation.” 1920's Aviation, www.1920-30.com/automobiles/.

“Film History of the 1920s: Part 1.” Most Influential, Significant and Important Films in American Cinema - The 1960s, www.filmsite.org/20sintro.html.

ITC Labs & Classrooms. Pullman Strikes Out Introduction, xroads.virginia.edu/~ug00/3on1/radioshow/1920radio.htm.

“Movies, Radio, and Sports in the 1920s.” Khan Academy, Khan Academy, www.khanacademy.org/humanities/us-history/rise-to-world-power/1920s-america/a/movies-cinema-sports-1920s.

Wolff-Mann, Ethan. “17 Henry Ford Quotes for an Industrious Week.” Thrillist, Thrillist, 12 Jan. 2015, www.thrillist.com/cars/henry-ford-quotes-about-cars-and-business-model-t.

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Citation:
“This Day in History, 1927: Ford Reveals Its Model A to an Eager Public.” Hemmings.com, www.hemmings.com/blog/2013/12/02/this-day-in-history-1927-ford-reveals-its-model-a-to-an-eager-public/.

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Henry Ford on car production: “I will build a car for the great multitude. It will be large enough for the family, but small enough for the individual to run and care for. It will be constructed of the best materials, by the best men to be hired, after the simplest designs that modern engineering can devise. But it will be so low in price that no man making a good salary will be unable to own one.”

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Some car companies of the time were Ford, Chrysler, General Motors, Chevrolet, Buick, Dodge, Cadillac, Lincoln, and Fiat. A popular car at the time was the Ford Model T, but in 1927, the Ford Model A was manufactured to replace the Model T.

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For increased comfort of drivers and passengers, cars were enclosed with roofs and received car heaters. To help travelers on the roads, service station chains appeared in order to provide gas, oil, maps, and food.

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The Importance of Radio, Motion Pictures, & Automobiles

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The Importance of Radio, Motion Pictures, & Automobiles

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Radio changed the way people heard about news and other reports, and brought many different types of broadcasts into the average American homes.

Movies changed the ideals of entertainment, causing a shift from plays and theater productions to motion pictures. This continued to play an important role in shaping the American culture for years to come.

Cars improved the way people moved from place to place, and these machines were becoming a staple of American families. Transportation methods became faster, and more car companies meant more job opportunities.

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The federal, state, and local governments funded and maintained the roads, and they got the money to do so through taxes on gas. Also, insurance companies created car insurance to protect cars from crashes and thefts.

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Citation: “Radio (1920's).” Mortal Journey, 8 Apr. 2011, www.mortaljourney.com/2011/04/1920-trends/radio-history.

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Citation: Hall, Brad. “Hollywood in the 1980s and the 1920s.” History Adventuring, www.historyadventuring.com/2016/04/hollywood-in-1980s-and-1920s.html.

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The first “talkie” (movie with sound) was The Jazz Singer, which was released in 1927 by Warner Bros. Pictures along with The Vitaphone Corporation. After this, other movie studios were clamoring to release their own talkies.

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Several famous movie studios existed at the time, including Warner Bros. Pictures, Paramount Pictures, R.K.O. Radio Pictures, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, Fox Film Corporation, and Universal Pictures.

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Many different types of movies were produced, but the most popular at the time were those that focused on swashbucklers, major historical events, and melodramas.

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The federal government got involved in regulating radio transmissions later in the century. The Federal Radio Commission was organized up in 1926, and the Radio Act of 1927 was passed to organize the federal commission.

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The first president to broadcast over the radio was Herbert Hoover. However, Calvin Coolidge was the first president to present an address that was specific to radio broadcasting.

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Typical radios of the time had batteries, three dials, and five tubes.

The first things that were broadcasted included:

Political commentary

Music

News reports

Sports games

Opera

Weather reports

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After the war was over, many farmers fell into debt because they had borrowed money to expand during the war. New technologies helped them increase productivity, but this did little to resolve their issues. An increase in surplus only expanded their debts and lowered prices.

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FARMERS! Farmers were very profitable from 1916-1918 when they were supplying food for soldiers overseas during the war and the US’s wartime policy that demanded a minimum price for wheat and corn.

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All this led to collapse of the stock market and the Great Depression.

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The fact that Americans only had to buy one applicance that would last them forever also caused economic decline. The sale of new appliances were booming at first because most Americans were buying them. Once every American household had a dishwasher, car, refrigerator, and every other new technology, there was no need for them make another purchase because the machines were built to last.

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They were paying with money they didn’t have and were unable to make the payments.

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This system allowed Americans to buy now and pay later. This continued and the “easy monthly payments” were becoming not so easy.

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All the new technologies and appliances, such as cars and dishwashers, caused people to spend their money and make their live easier.

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Stores were able to increase sales by allowing people to pay with credit.

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The 20s began with a short post-WWI recession. Following the recession came a time of business prosperity. The largest stock market crash in history ended this period of prosperity and started the Great Depression.

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http://www.thegoosesroost.com/2013/09/week-3-gif-recap-bills-at-jets/

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https://1920sinfo.wordpress.com/2015/05/07/jcpenney/

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https://livinghistoryfarm.org/farminginthe20s/life_01.htm

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Higher wages encouraged consumers to spend more money on leisure and entertainment

Jazz

Hollywood movies

Sports

Electronic appliances, such as, washing machines, refrigerators, vacuum cleaners, and many others

Automobiles became affordable

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Welfare capitalism- offered employees more benefits and wages to reduce interest in labor unions.
Resulted in a declined interest in unions

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Farmers’ prosperity faltered after WWI and fell into debt

New fertilizers

Gasoline tractors

Helped farmers increase production but remained in debt

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Chain stores began to replace neighborhood or local stores because they provide more variety

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http://1920newtechnologyhanyoung.weebly.com/appliances.html

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Negative effects of new technology and consumer goods

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Electricity in the home and factories allow consumers to purchase appliances for the home

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Declining unemployment rates
Improved standard of living
Increased wages for middle and working class

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Cars were slowly becoming a more popular method of transportation compared to horse coaches. More car companies popped up, and this created more jobs for the working class people. Henry Ford’s assembly lines were a standard in car production at this time.

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The number of Americans who had electricity in their homes significantly increased. Many new appliances were also made available to the general public that made household chores easier and faster to accomplish. These applicances included refrigerators, electronic washing machines, electronic razors, and television. Other new inventions included Band-Aids, phonographs, and sunglasses.

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The first movies were silent films, and they evolved from vaudevillian performances. There was a huge demand for movies in the 1920s as they increased in popularity. Because of this, the most movies in film history were produced between 1920 and 1930. Toward the end of the decade, approximately 90 million people a week were watching movies.

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In 1920, radio station KDKA broadcasted the first radio announcements. This was also the first time that election results were broadcasted. Not many people had access to radios at the time, but afterwards radios boomed in popularity. Approximately two years later, over 600 radio stations appeared.

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(Automobiles can be found at the bottom)

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Economic Changes Spurred by New Technology and Consumer Goods

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Economic Changes Spurred by New Technology and Consumer Goods

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“The Modern Era of the 1920s.” United States History: Preparing for the Advanced Placement Examination, by John J. Newman and John M. Schmalbach, Amsco School Publications, 2018.