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Motivation and Experience can truly affect athlete's skill's development and level hence to ensure that athletes are always striving their best to attain a high level of proficiency in skills, motivation and experiences should leave a positive impact on them.

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There will be variation in the physical characteristics of the volleyball players

Genetic information which are based on their parents are one of the reasons causing the variations.

Some individuals are gifted with longer wingspan and limbs which determines their suitable position.

For example, positions such as spiker are played  tall and lengthy while libero are played by shorter individuals in the team

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Athletes compete in and practice sport for a variety of reasons. These reasons fall into the two major categories of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation

Intrinsic:

Continues to train consistently and refine skills due to passion

Continue to improve skills and learn more due to wanting to explore other skill sets

Extrinsic:

Joins volleyball to make or join their friends hence skills are at a minimal development

Skills are limited and are at a decent level due to only wanting to achieve medals

Works hard to refine skills to ensure wins and receive trophies

Keeps developing and refining skills to get praises and feedbacks from coaches

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Different individuals has different experiences in Volleyball
Positive experiences impacts lives.

Start earlier than others, vice versa

Has more training than others

Scouted into different team

Different type of Experience:

Positive

Negative

Different level of Experience:

National Team

Leisure

School Team

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Different individuals would have different attributes. Some might have the ability to generate enough power to perform a serve or spike

whereas

Others may be able to last the whole 3 sets of matches which may last for 60 to 90 minutes depending on their rallies.

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Affective domain​

Mostly towards skills

A high level of proficiency can be attained through experience to excel​

​Different  Experiences and Years of Experience

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Mapmygenome. (2019, September 25). Sports genomics – volleyball. Sports Genomics – Volleyball. Retrieved October 27, 2021, from https://mapmygenome.in/blog/sports-genomics-volleyball/.

Hatch, S. Thomsen, D. Waldron, J.J. (n.d).

Extrinsic Rewards and Motivation.

https://appliedsportpsych.org/resources/resources-for-coaches/extrinsic-rewards-and-motivation/

Berger, M. (n.d).

What Motivates Successful Athletes.

https://www.trainingpeaks.com/blog/what-motivates-successful-athletes/

National Academy of Sports Medicine. (n.d.).

How do past positive experiences impact my sports performance?.

https://www.sharecare.com/health/sports-and-athletic-performance/how-positive-experiences-sports-performance

Val Abbassi(1998). Growth and Normal Puberty. Retrieved from http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/102/Supplement_3/507http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/102/Supplement_3/507

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In every athlete keep alone volleyball, there is DNA and genetic material that is associated with the performance; ACTN3 and ACE. These genes impact the fibre that makes up muscles and are linked to strength and endurance  (Mapmygenome, 2019).

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Intrinsic Motivation

Passion

Enjoyment

Exploration

Extrinsic Motivation

Medals

Peer Pressure

Feedback

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Positions such as outside hitters and middle blockers require more fast-twitch muscles as these individuals are required to react quickly to spikes. They will need a sudden burst of energy and quick reaction time to maneuver themselves to prevent the ball from touching the court

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Positions such as liberos require more slow-twitch muscles because they are required to not be tired throughout the game as they serve as the back-row defensive specialist for the team.

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Development Rate of Specialised Movement Phase​

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Development Rate of Specialised Movement Phase​

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There are three stages of the Specialized Movement Phase. It comprises translational, application, and lifelong utilization stages.

As these volleyball girls are 13 years old, they are placed under the application stage.

In this stage, these girls may start to make conscious decisions about sports that require higher skills levels. Some girls might be competent in volleyball as they perceived it as their source of happiness. Otherwise, they may not have desire to be competent

Thus, this can affect due to differences in commitment and competency to the sport

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Fundamental Movement Skills (FMS) are a set of specific gross motor skills.

Volleyball requires locomotive skills such as running and jumping. Running is essential for them to get to incoming ball. Jumping is essential for players to reach for the ball

Volleyball also requires manipulative skills such as hitting and striking. They are essential for players while defending and attacking.

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Factors Influencing Rate of Development(Nurhadi)

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Factors Influencing Rate of Development(Nurhadi)

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Development of FMS

Development of Specialized Movememt Skills

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Puberty for girls starts at an age of 8  and ends at age of 16.
Girl's Peak Height Velocity(PHV) starts at the age of 9. (Abbassi,1998). During PHV, they experience the fastest upward growth.

During puberty, these volleyball girls may experience physiological and physical changes in their body e.g. there will be significant growth in their limbs and arms, their height.

However, in the volleyball team, there will be variation in physical characteristics of the volleyball players. This is as some girls develop or later than the other

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Nutrition on the court on match day is essential, a good eating habit off the court will offer the essential base for a lean, fast and fit volleyball player.

Children require nutrients such as calcium, vitamins, protein and iron to allow their bodies to develop all the important functions and tissues they need​

Calcium helps in growing healthy and strong bones.

Protein helps in developing and maintaining strong muscles.

Physical growth and maturation are also affected by malnutrition, influencing body weight, height and growth rate.

A player's daily diet should include nutrient-rich carbohydrates (e.g. brown rice, wholemeal pasta, quinoa and grainy bread), healthy fat sources (e.g. fish, olive oil, nuts and avocado), lean protein sources (e.g. seafood, poultry, eggs, lean red meat and dairy) as well as vegetables and fruits.

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Affective domain​

Mostly towards skills

A high level of proficiency can be attained through experience to excel​

​Different type and level of motivation

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Volleyball is a sport which requires the athlete to have height, the taller the athlete, the higher the advantage.​

Genetics plays a big role because it can affect one physique and performance. This is because it depends on our parents.

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Environmental & Genetics Factors:​

Genetics​

Athlete's Motivation and Experience​

Diet​

Puberty