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One way to teach information literacy in the classroom.

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One way to teach information literacy in the classroom.

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The Big6 is a process model of how people of all ages solve an information problem. From practice and study, we found that successful information problem-solving encompasses six stages with two sub-stages under each...
1. Task Definition
1.1 Define the information problem

1.2 Identify information needed
2. Information Seeking Strategies
2.1 Determine all possible sources

2.2 Select the best sources
3. Location and Access
3.1 Locate sources (intellectually and physically)

3.2 Find information within sources
4. Use of Information
4.1 Engage (e.g., read, hear, view, touch)

4.2 Extract relevant information
5. Synthesis
5.1 Organize from multiple sources

5.2 Present the information
6. Evaluation
6.1 Judge the product (effectiveness)

6.2 Judge the process (efficiency)

WHAT IS THE SUPER3?

The Super3 contains the same basic elements as the Big6 but is written for younger students to understand.

1. PLAN (BEGINNING)

When students get an assignment or a task, BEFORE they start doing anything, they should think:

What am I supposed to do?

What will it look like if I do a really good job?

What do I need to find out to do the job?

Big6 Steps:
2. DO (MIDDLE)

In the Middle the students DO the activity. This is where they read, view, tell, make a picture, etc.
Big6 Steps:
3. REVIEW (END)

Before finishing the product and turning it in, students should stop and think- Is this done?
Big6 Step:

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The Big6 is a process model of how people of all ages solve an information problem. From practice and study, we found that successful information problem-solving encompasses six stages with two sub-stages under each... 1. Task Definition 1.1 Define the information problem 1.2 Identify information needed 2.

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Here are some quick reminders of fair use taken from a college website.

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[T]he fair use of a copyrighted work . . . is not an infringement of copyright.

Fair use gives users the right to use copyrighted material without permission under certain circumstances. If a use is fair, the user need not notify or seek permission from the copyright holder.

Illustrative Purposes

Section 107 of the Copyright Act gives examples of purposes that are favored by fair use: "." Use for one of these "illustrative purposes" is not automatically fair, and uses for other purposes can be fair. The statute lays out four factors to consider in deciding whether a particular use is fair.

Four Factors of Fair Use

Each of the four factors has subfactors that influence how the factor weighs in favor of or against fair use. On its own, no individual subfactor guarantees that a use is fair or is not fair. The subfactors must all be weighed together.

First Factor: Purpose and Character of the Use

The first factor is one of the most important of the four factors.

Less Likely to Be Fair

More Likely to Be Fair

The second factor typically is the least important of the four fair use factors.

Less Likely to Be Fair

More Likely to Be Fair

Third Factor: Amount and Substantiality

Less Likely to Be Fair

Using the heart of the work: Using the "heart of the work" weighs against fair use. This doctrine also comes from the Harper & Row case mentioned above. The news magazine in that case used a very small but very important part of President Ford's memoir. It was the part of the memoir where he discusses his decision to pardon President Nixon, one of the most important decisions of his presidency . Using that part of the book weighed against fair use because it was such an important part of the book.

Fourth Factor: Effect on the Market

The fourth factor is one of the most important of the four factors.

Less Likely to Be Fair

More Likely to Be Fair

Fair Use in Seven Words

Fair Use Checklist
We are considering retiring the Fair Use Checklist and recommending the list of factors and subfactors above instead. Please contact us at copyright@psu.edu if your unit at Penn State still uses the checklist.
You can use the PSU Fair Use Analysis Checklist to help analyze whether a use of a copyrighted work could be a fair use. No single item or factor is determinative of fair use. Download the Fair Use Analysis Checklist PDF or the Fair Use Analysis Checklist Word Document.

What if My Use isn't a Fair Use?

If a planned use isn't a fair use and doesn't fall within another exception, you have options:

Review your analysis/checklist. How can you change your planned use to turn it into a fair use? Can you reduce the amount of material or replace the material with material that's more likely to be a fair use?

Use openly licensed (e.g., Creative Commons) or public domain material instead.

Obtain permission from the copyright holder.

Fair Use at Penn State

Review the PSU IP Policy regarding Fair Use.

Other Fair Use Resources

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T]he fair use of a copyrighted work . . . is not an infringement of copyright. Fair use gives users the right to use copyrighted material without permission under certain circumstances. If a use is fair, the user need not notify or seek permission from the copyright holder.

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This can be used as reference for the teacher or to show students and discuss.

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How to Evaluate Sources for Reliability - Writing for Kids