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France colonizes Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia in 1887

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Ho Chi Minh founded the IndoChinese Communist party in 1930

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Japan took control of Vietnam with very little French presence-1940

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Ho Chi Minh started the League for Independence of Vietnam (VietMinh) in 1941, goal is to fight for freedom from France and Japan.

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After Japan was defeated in WW2,the French returned to controlling Vietnam-1945

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1. Became President in 1945
2. He initially supported France; thought the war would help their economy and re-establish the empire they had before the war- U.S was officially neutral at this point
3. 1947- Truman Doctrine; U.S policy to assist any country threatened by communism
4. 1950- began to fear that Vietnam would become communist, he sent over advisors (35), transport planes, and jeeps
5. By the end of his presidency, U.S was funding 1/3 of France's costs for the war

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1. Elected in 1953
2.  In the beginning he refused to get more involved in another war
3. He didn't want to loose Vietnam to communism; he believed in the domino theory
4. Supported Ngo Dinh Diem (leader of South Vietnam) from 1955-1960; 2 billion in aid & sending more advisors
5. fights were breaking out between South and North Vietnam

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The French are defeated in the battle of Dien Bien Phu by the VietMinh. This ended the French's control of Vietnam. 1954

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1. 1954
2. Officially split Vietnam into North and South
3. The 17th parallel splitting it, a military zone

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1. Elected in 1960 (assassinated in 1963)
2. aided South Vietnam when he was first in office; helicopters Agent Orange, and other war supplies
3. Number of advisors rose to 16,000
4. Supposedly hinted at withdrawal from Vietnam before death
5. U.S involvement at this point is limited

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1. 1964 Gulf of Tonkin prompted more involvement in the war
a. USS Maddox allegedly attacked by North Vietnam torpedo boats
2. Early 1965 U.S troops sent to Vietnam, first troops to be in battle in Vietnam
a. South Vietnamese government & army was unstable
3. 1967 around 500,000 U.S soldiers in Vietnam
a. anti-war riots and demonstrations appear in America
4. Did not run for re-election in 68'
a. his name heavily tied to the war

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1. Many cities in Vietnam attacked by North Vietnamese people
2. Many lives lost on both sides
3. Helped to turn the war into the favor of communist powers

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1.  The idea of Vietnamization; the slow withdrawal of American troops, letting South Vietnam took over war efforts
2. His campaign was all about getting the U.S out of Vietnam
3. He authorized the Cambodia bombings, air assault, and an invasion of Laos
4. In 1973 he finally ended direct involvement in Vietnam

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1. Nixon authorized bombing raids in Cambodia
3. It was believed that North Vietnam was transporting supplies and troops to South Vietnam through Cambodia

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1. Marked the reunification of Vietnam
2. The end of the war
3. Capture led by VietCong and The People's Army of Vietnam