# data[].attributes.headline
Where did Puritans originally come from?

# data[].attributes.subject
Where did Puritans originally come from?

# data[].attributes.body
Puritanism started within the Church of England during the late 16th century.

"Puritans,"  A&E Television Networks, August 21, 2018, https://www.history.com/topics/colonial-america/puritanism.

# data[].attributes.body
The Puritans believed in only being able to have sex when married. If you were not betrothed to someone, then you were declared denatured and accused of adultery. They also thought that they were doing God's work. They gave harsh punishment to whomever strayed away from it (sometimes led to them hanging people). If you were accused of adultery, they would brand you with a scarlet "A" . They mostly whipped them in public, where everyone could watch.

"Puritan Life," U.S. History Online Textbook, http://www.ushistory.org/us/3d.asp.

# data[].attributes.body
The Puritans left England because King Charles I viewed them as enemies, so he decided to break apart Parliament. The Puritans took the offending act against them and their religion and left for the Americas so they could develop their own communities based on their beliefs.

CMHypno (Cynthia), "Why Did the Puritans Really Leave England for the New World?," HubPages/ Owlcation, updated on September 11, 2018, https://owlcation.com/humanities/Why-Did-the-Puritans-Really-Leave-England-For-The-New-World.

# data[].attributes.body
“Puritans” was a term of disdain given to the movement by its enemies.

"Puritans,"  A&E Television Networks, August 21, 2018, https://www.history.com/topics/colonial-america/puritanism.

The name "puritan" was used to describe members of the Church of England who wished to purify it of all similarity to the Roman Catholic Church, in particular the service worship, vestments, and episcopal ranking.

"The Puritans," Online Highways LLC, https://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h573.html.

# data[].attributes.headline
How and when did they arrive at the New World?

# data[].attributes.subject
How and when did they arrive at the New World?

# data[].attributes.body
Most Puritans headed for the the New World (now known as New England), where they discovered the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1629. In fact, the years 1630-1640 became known as the "Great Migration," when some 80,000 Puritans left England and Europe for the New World.

CMHypno (Cynthia), "Why Did the Puritans Really Leave England for the New World?," HubPages/ Owlcation, September 11, 2018, https://owlcation.com/humanities/Why-Did-the-Puritans-Really-Leave-England-For-The-New-World.

# data[].attributes.headline
What was their ultimate purpose in starting over in the New World?

# data[].attributes.subject
What was their ultimate purpose in starting over in the New World?

# data[].attributes.body
The Puritans stressed the idea that they did not wish to destroy the Church of England, nor did they want to separate from it. Their only goal was to restore it to its original purity.

"The Puritans," Online Highways LLC, https://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h573.html.
-------------------------------------------------------
They left because they wanted to create their own communities based on their Puritan beliefs.

CMHypno (Cynthia), "Why Did the Puritans Really Leave England for the New World?," HubPages/ Owlcation, September 11, 2018, https://owlcation.com/humanities/Why-Did-the-Puritans-Really-Leave-England-For-The-New-World.

# data[].attributes.headline
What were their expectations when it came to how people should live their lives. 

# data[].attributes.subject
What were their expectations when it came to how people should live their lives. 

# data[].attributes.body
The Puritans believed that God expected them to live according to the Scriptures, to improve the Anglican Church, and to set a good example that would cause the people who had stayed in England to change their sinful ways.

"Puritans in America: Beliefs, Religion & History," https://study.com/academy/lesson/puritans-in-america-beliefs-religion-history.html

# data[].attributes.headline
Name at least 3 important and memorable Puritans. 

# data[].attributes.subject
Name at least 3 important and memorable Puritans. 

# data[].attributes.body
John Winthrop (1587–1649)

John Calvin (1509-1564)

Thomas Hooker (1586-1647)

# data[].attributes.headline
The infamous Salem Witch Trials occurred during this time period. What was the purpose behind these trials?How and why did these trials even begin? 

# data[].attributes.subject
The infamous Salem Witch Trials occurred during this time period. What was the purpose behind these trials?How and why did these trials even begin? 

# data[].attributes.body
The Salem witch trials began in 1692, after a group of young girls in Salem, Massachusetts, claimed to be possessed by the devil and accused several local women of witchcraft.
The Salem witch trials would be justified by people's suspicions of and hatred toward their neighbors, as well as their fear of outsiders.

History.com Editors. “Salem Witch Trials.” History.com, A&E Television Networks, 4 Nov. 2011, www.history.com/topics/colonial-america/salem-witch-trials.In-text

# data[].attributes.headline
What sort of writings came out of this period (e.g. novels, plays, letters, essays, poems, etc.)? Identify at least 3 important literary works from this period and provide a brief summary of each. 

# data[].attributes.subject
What sort of writings came out of this period (e.g. novels, plays, letters, essays, poems, etc.)? Identify at least 3 important literary works from this period and provide a brief summary of each. 

# data[].attributes.headline
What did they do and why were they considered important?

# data[].attributes.subject
What did they do and why were they considered important?

# data[].attributes.body
John Winthrop (1587–1649) was a deeply religious Puritan elder who led a large migration of Puritans to America in 1629. He became the first Governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony one year later. He was most likely the most powerful figure in New England during the first half of the 17th century.

Shmoop Editorial Team, "John Winthrop in New England Puritans & Pilgrims," Shmoop University, Inc., November 11, 2008,  https://www.shmoop.com/new-england-puritans-pilgrims/john-winthrop.html
-------------------------------------------------------
Puritan pastors in England were greatly influenced by the writings, work, and ministry of John Calvin... "Calvinistic influence affected Englishmen on many levels. Among intellectuals, a “spiritual brotherhood” evolved among pastors zealous for continued reformation of church and society."

Kang Ning, " Puritanism and Its Impact upon American Values," CCSE,  December 2009, http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.668.1315&rep=rep1&type=pdf
-------------------------------------------------------
Looking for independence from other Puritan sections in Massachusetts, Thomas Hooker and his followers established one of the first major colonies in Hartford, Connecticut. A loyal supporter of universal Christian suffrage, Hooker was a famous theologian and speaker who greatly shaped the early development of colonial New England.

The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica, "Thomas Hooker

AMERICAN COLONIAL CLERGYMAN," Encyclopaedia Britannica, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Thomas-Hooker

# data[].attributes.headline
What was life like for them when they arrived to the New World?

# data[].attributes.subject
What was life like for them when they arrived to the New World?

# data[].attributes.body
" Once settled in New England, the Puritan communities demanded complete unity of thought and behavior from their members, and neglected those who did not meet their religious standards."

CMHypno (Cynthia), "Why Did the Puritans Really Leave England for the New World?," HubPages/ Owlcation, September 11, 2018, https://owlcation.com/humanities/Why-Did-the-Puritans-Really-Leave-England-For-The-New-World.
-------------------------------------------------------
"The daily life of a Puritan in Colonial America New England during the 17th century was a busy one. Puritans believed that idle hands were the devil's playground! A typical day started at dawn and ended at dusk. Their lives focused on religion and following God's plan -- attending church was mandatory. Puritans focused on living simple and peaceful lives."

Hayden Kellie, Gunnel Noreen, "Research Topic Ideas: The Daily Life of a Puritan in Colonial Times," Bright Hub Education,  April 13, 2015, https://www.brighthubeducation.com/history-homework-help/112142-daily-life-of-a-puritan-colonist/

# data[].attributes.body
The Wonders of the Invisible World  By: Cotton Mather (1963)
- 40 years prior, a man that was put to death for witchcraft declared that the devil would send an army of devils to plot against the country. Then, people were mysteriously being tortured and murdered. After they are tortured, they are able to see their attacker. Sometimes it's a witch, sometimes it's someone else the witch just wanted them to see. Many people have been accused of witch craft, and many have confessed to consorting with the devil.
-------------------------------------------------------
Seifert Meirav, ""The Wonders of the Invisible World by Cotton Mather-Summary," Essay Cemetery,  23.March 2014, http://essaycemetery.blogspot.com/2014/03/the-wonders-of-invisible-world-by.html

# data[].attributes.body
Memorable Providences Relating to Witchcraft and Possessions
By Cotton Mather (1689)
- "A faithful account of many wonderful and surprising things, that have befallen several bewitched and possessed persons in New-England. Particularly, a narrative of the marvellous trouble and relief experienced by a pious family in Boston, very lately and sadly molested with evil spirits. : Whereunto is added, a discourse delivered unto a congregation in Boston, on the occasion of that illustrious providence. : As also a discourse delivered unto the same congregation; on the occasion of an horrible self-murder committed in that town."
-------------------------------------------------------
ARCHIVE LIBRARIAN, "COTTON MATHER (1663-1728) from Memorable Providences Relating to Witchcrafts and Possessions,
4 October, 2015,  https://ethicsofsuicide.lib.utah.edu/selections/cotton-mather/

# data[].attributes.body
More Wonders of the Invisible World
By Robert Calef (1697)
- "The book was written as a response to Cotton Mather’s book Wonders of the Invisible World and contains evidence not presented in the trials, such as the juror’s apologies and some of the accuser’s confessions of lying." ..."The book also criticizes the use of spectral evidence and criticizes Puritans for their “unscriptual” belief in witches, arguing that the Bible makes no mention of witchcraft and therefore gives no basis for the existence of witches’ pacts with the devil.
Calef then concludes the book by stating that Mather’s actions were “highly criminal” and his beliefs in witches and witchcraft made him 'guilty of of sacrilege in the highest nature…' "
-------------------------------------------------------
Brooks Rebecca, “Salem Witch Trials: Primary Sources.” History of Massachusetts, 6 Sept. 2018, historyofmassachusetts.org/salem-witch-trials-primary-sources/