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https://tinyurl.com/RITwebsite

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Singapore - Mental Health General Practictioner Partnership Programme (MH-GPP)

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Singapore - Mental Health General Practictioner Partnership Programme (MH-GPP)

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Singapore's REACH (Response, Early intervention and Assessment in Community mental Health)

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Singapore's REACH (Response, Early intervention and Assessment in Community mental Health)

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https://www.imh.com.sg/clinical/page.aspx?id=688

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https://tinyurl.com/USAccess2AdolescentMHC

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Early Diagnosis = Better Chance of Success

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South Korea's Young Health Programme (YHP) and Korean Association for Suicide Prevention (KASP)

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South Korea's Young Health Programme (YHP) and Korean Association for Suicide Prevention (KASP)

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This website uses cookies to help us give you the best experience when you visit.

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- Depression is the 4th leading cause of disability worldwide affecting 350 million people.
- The World Health Organization suggests that depression will become the 2nd leading cause of disability by 2020 (Kessler & Bromet 2014)

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Prevent Depression: Improving Access to Brazil's Mental Health Services

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Prevent Depression: Improving Access to Brazil's Mental Health Services

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by Ryan Heidt -
Clinical Social Work and Health Intervention Vol. 7 No. 4 2016

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Prevent Depression Improving Access to Brazil s Mental Health Services.pdf

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According to the World Health Organization, India had the highest number of suicides in the world in 2012 with 258,000 of 804,000 suicides worldwide. Indian youths between the ages of 15 and 29 years committed suicide with 35.5 deaths per 100,000, while suicide became the leading cause of death of young Indian women also. Other mental health problems noted to be specific to India are depression related to economic insecurity, anxiety among youths over educational success, and distress among young women caught between the opportunities of a changing India and pressure from traditionally minded families to marry.

India's first-ever National Mental Health Policy, announced in 2014, aims to provide universal psychiatric care to the population by 2020, despite a relatively small health care budget per capita compared with other developing nations. The Policy describes how care should be provided through integrated care services which "should espouse the principles of universal access, equitable distribution, community participation, inter-sectoral coordination and use of appropriate technology". In India, with 75 per cent of the population living in rural areas, only 0.7 physicians per 1000 population and only one psychiatrist for every 343,000 Indians, access to quality mental health care is limited and traditional approaches to care are highly unlikely to reduce the high national suicide rate or reach the 20 per cent of the population who have mental disorders.

India, however, has one major advantage when it comes to delivering future mental health services and has the opportunity to deliver services just as described in the National Mental Health Policy, through the use of appropriate technology, especially mobile wireless technologies. Much of the population is young, technologically sophisticated and equipped with wireless smartphones that have become an integral part of their lives. Smartphone penetrance in India is rapidly increasing and the country will have more smartphone users than the USA by 2016, with over 200 million being used nationally already. This is effectively an already paid for and developed health communications technology infrastructure through which a substantial proportion of India's future mental health services may be delivered. This could, if it is taken advantage of strategically, form the core of national preventive and patient centered mental health services for the country in future years.

India has considerable internal experience using conventional telemedicine, especially through the partnership between the Indian Space Research Organization and the Apollo Telemedicine Networking Foundation which links more than 100 hospitals and provides tele-education to medical colleges and mobile telemedicine units in disaster relief camps. Indian clinics and hospitals, especially in isolated areas, have long been the recipient of mobile email consultations and second opinions in many medical specialties, including psychiatry, from charities such as the Swinfen Foundation, which accesses psychiatrist volunteers from the USA, UK and Australia.

This early telemedicine and electronic health care experience, and the young wirelessly enabled population, lay the foundations for India, if it so decides, to take the leap into "mobile mental health" and to set up a series of preventive, assessment and treatment platforms that can be delivered to smartphones nationally, and which can support and supplement the current government and privately run mental health services efficiently and effectively.

So what mobile mental health care is currently available?

As of 2015, the typical smartphone is equipped with forward and rear-facing high-resolution video cameras; a high-resolution display; Internet connectivity; audio inputs and outputs via a microphone, speaker, headset port; and Bluetooth connections and advanced processing power. All these features make smartphones ideal for a new class of applications providing mobile mental health care.

Mobile applications in psychiatry, as in telemedicine, have three core advantages over traditional in-person meetings. These are portable and allow care anywhere, anytime, regardless of patient geography and transportation barriers. These are low cost compared with traditional brick and mortar facilities and traditional desktop computers. Finally, these have many additional features enabling context-available interventions and the collection of data from sensors which can lead to smart real-time feedback for both patients and providers. Mobile applications can directly connect health care providers with patients. But more importantly, in a country like India where providers are scarce, mobile qualities can connect patients with other patients, families and supporters, through social networks, and with multiple educational and monitoring programmes designed to prevent psychiatric disability, improve medication adherence and provide social support and therapy.

Smartphone applications have already proliferated for primary care specialties and are now being researched as a potential way to assess patients for symptoms of anxiety, depression, mania, psychotic disorders, substance use and post-traumatic stress disorders. Not infrequently, these devices could provide even more patient-reported data than standard paper assessments. Wearable devices are already starting to extend the functionality of smartphones with additional sensors worn as jewelry, in smartwatches, or even embedded in clothing. These extra sensors can provide more quantifiable data that can detect gait and movement disorders.

Mental health applications (apps) can be categorized in three broad areas. First, apps can serve as a communication medium allowing patients to connect with other patients, caregivers, providers or other forms of social support. Second, apps can serve as an extension of traditional in-person practice and augment psychotherapy, medication management and other mental health interventions with journaling, symptom tracking tools, self-monitoring and psychoeducation between appointments. Third, these can act as a smart monitor using tools that may automatically predict relapse, worsened symptoms or changed activity.

Research using smartphones is demonstrating how these can make various forms of therapeutic interventions more accessible using combinations of data from video, virtual reality, texting, search, geographical information systems and gaming techniques as well as popularize more commonly available Internet-based cognitive therapies, psychoeducation and bibliotherapy. Traditional worksheets and therapy homework, such as that found in cognitive behavioural therapy, can be made to be fully interactive to increase patient engagement and retention while wearable applications for heads-up displays are being developed to analyze facial emotions and track vital signs. Smartphone applications can even intervene in a patient with a substance use or other addiction at risk of relapse, alerting its user when they approach a trigger such as a liquor store, and coaching them through difficult social situations, such as a party where alcohol is served. The common theme with these applications is the digitization and automation of much of the health care provider's therapies. This allows patients to increasingly practice self-care, by themselves or with their families or for use in between sessions with their therapist, as a hybrid form of care, both online and in-person. Research is being done to create an entirely technologically based "avatar therapist" that is trained to respond therapeutically to movements and language and replace the human therapist entirely, but this is some years away.

Mobile mental health care is a very exciting field of research that is progressing rapidly. There are hundreds of mental health applications already available and many more are being developed and driven by large amounts of venture capital funding, especially in the USA with the result that many of the applications that are already in use are not always backed by the latest research, or even much research at all. There are however, guidelines available suggesting best practices for assessing a relatively untried clinical application.

Despite these drawbacks, the potential for mental health applications cannot be understated. For a country like India, these offer the option of leapfrogging mental health care over many hurdles of access and funding, and of substantially improving the mental health of the country, and in particular of the youth of the nation. The theme of World Mental Health Day in 2015 is "Dignity in Mental Health". In India this could mean respecting the need of the youth of the country and making substantial strategic investments in mobile mental health care as part of the excellent National Mental Health Plan in order to help those who are suffering and help to meet the goals of the Plan.

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Mobile mental health care - an opportunity for India

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According to the World Health Organization, India had the highest number of suicides in the world in 2012 with 258,000 of 804,000 suicides worldwide. Indian youths between the ages of 15 and 29 years committed suicide with 35.5 deaths per 100,000, while suicide became the leading cause of death of young Indian women also.

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The database of innovations catalogues comprehensive summaries of mental health programs and research projects around the world.

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Interactive web-site to locate mental health professional in individual states and counties.
https://www.cdc.gov/childrensmentalhealth/stateprofiles-providers.html

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Recognizing Microaggressions toward People with Disabilities

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Recognizing Microaggressions toward People with Disabilities

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Identification - Intervention - Recognizing the Need

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Identification - Intervention - Recognizing the Need

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Updated 2017

In Spanish | En español
The nation's special education law is called the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, or IDEA. As part of making special education and related services available to children with disabilities in the public schools, IDEA defines the term "child with a disability." That definition includes specific disability terms, which are also defined by IDEA, as this webpage describes.

The IDEA's disability terms and definitions guide how States in their own turn define disability and who is eligible for a free appropriate public education under special education law. The definitions of these specific disability terms from the IDEA regulations are shown beneath each term listed below. Note, in order to fully meet the definition (and eligibility for special education and related services) as a "child with a disability," a child's educational performance must be adversely affected due to the disability.

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Quick-Jump Links
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In the list below, if a disability term is linked, clicking on the link will take you to a fact sheet for that particular disability and to other related information.
1. Autism...
...means a developmental disability significantly affecting verbal and nonverbal communication and social interaction, generally evident before age three, that adversely affects a child's educational performance. Other characteristics often associated with autism are engaging in repetitive activities and stereotyped movements, resistance to environmental change or change in daily routines, and unusual responses to sensory experiences. The term autism does not apply if the child's educational performance is adversely affected primarily because the child has an emotional disturbance, as defined in #5 below.

A child who shows the characteristics of autism after age 3 could be diagnosed as having autism if the criteria above are satisfied.
2. Deaf-Blindness...
...means concomitant [simultaneous] hearing and visual impairments, the combination of which causes such severe communication and other developmental and educational needs that they cannot be accommodated in special education programs solely for children with deafness or children with blindness.

...means a hearing impairment so severe that a child is impaired in processing linguistic information through hearing, with or without amplification, that adversely affects a child's educational performance.

4. Developmental Delay...

...for children from birth to age three (under IDEA Part C) and children from ages three through nine (under IDEA Part B), the term developmental delay, as defined by each State, means a delay in one or more of the following areas: physical development; cognitive development; communication; social or emotional development; or adaptive [behavioral] development.
5. Emotional Disturbance...
...means a condition exhibiting one or more of the following characteristics over a long period of time and to a marked degree that adversely affects a child's educational performance:

(a) An inability to learn that cannot be explained by intellectual, sensory, or health factors.

(b) An inability to build or maintain satisfactory interpersonal relationships with peers and teachers.

(c) Inappropriate types of behavior or feelings under normal circumstances.

(d) A general pervasive mood of unhappiness or depression.

(e) A tendency to develop physical symptoms or fears associated with personal or school problems.

The term includes schizophrenia. The term does not apply to children who are socially maladjusted, unless it is determined that they have an emotional disturbance.
6. Hearing Impairment...
...means an impairment in hearing, whether permanent or fluctuating, that adversely affects a child's educational performance but is not included under the definition of "deafness."
7. Intellectual Disability...
...means significantly subaverage general intellectual functioning, existing concurrently [at the same time] with deficits in adaptive behavior and manifested during the developmental period, that adversely affects a child's educational performance.

( Editor's Note, February 2011: "Intellectual Disability" is a new term in IDEA. Until October 2010, the law used the term "mental retardation." In October 2010, Rosa's Law was signed into law by President Obama. Rosa's Law changed the term to be used in future to "intellectual disability." The definition of the term itself did not change and is what has just been shown above.
8. Multiple Disabilities...
...means concomitant [simultaneous] impairments (such as intellectual disability-blindness, intellectual disability-orthopedic impairment, etc.), the combination of which causes such severe educational needs that they cannot be accommodated in a special education program solely for one of the impairments. The term does not include deaf-blindness.
9. Orthopedic Impairment...
...means a severe orthopedic impairment that adversely affects a child's educational performance. The term includes impairments caused by a congenital anomaly, impairments caused by disease (e.g., poliomyelitis, bone tuberculosis), and impairments from other causes (e.g.,cerebral palsy, amputations, and fractures or burns that cause contractures).
10. Other Health Impairment...
...means having limited strength, vitality, or alertness, including a heightened alertness to environmental stimuli, that results in limited alertness with respect to the educational environment, that-

(a) is due to chronic or acute health problems such as asthma, attention deficit disorder or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, diabetes, epilepsy, a heart condition, hemophilia, lead poisoning, leukemia, nephritis, rheumatic fever, sickle cell anemia, and Tourette syndrome; and

(b) adversely affects a child's educational performance.
11. Specific Learning Disability...
...means a disorder in one or more of the basic psychological processes involved in understanding or in using language, spoken or written, that may manifest itself in the imperfect ability to listen, think, speak, read, write, spell, or to do mathematical calculations. The term includes such conditions as perceptual disabilities, brain injury, minimal brain dysfunction, dyslexia, and developmental aphasia. The term does not include learning problems that are primarily the result of visual, hearing, or motor disabilities; of intellectual disability; of emotional disturbance; or of environmental, cultural, or economic disadvantage.
12. Speech or Language Impairment...
...means a communication disorder such as stuttering, impaired articulation, a language impairment, or a voice impairment that adversely affects a child's educational performance.
13. Traumatic Brain Injury...
...means an acquired injury to the brain caused by an external physical force, resulting in total or partial functional disability or psychosocial impairment, or both, that adversely affects a child's educational performance. The term applies to open or closed head injuries resulting in impairments in one or more areas, such as cognition; language; memory; attention; reasoning; abstract thinking; judgment; problem-solving; sensory, perceptual, and motor abilities; psychosocial behavior; physical functions; information processing; and speech.

The term does not apply to brain injuries that are congenital or degenerative, or to brain injuries induced by birth trauma.
14. Visual Impairment Including Blindness...
...means an impairment in vision that, even with correction, adversely affects a child's educational performance. The term includes both partial sight and blindness.

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Considering the Meaning of "Adversely Affects"
You may have noticed that the phrase "adversely affects educational performance" appears in most of the disability definitions. This does not mean, however, that a child has to be failing in school to receive special education and related services. According to IDEA, states must make a free appropriate public education available to "any individual child with a disability who needs special education and related services, even if the child has not failed or been retained in a course or grade, and is advancing from grade to grade." [§300.101(c)(1)]

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Updated 2017 In Spanish | En español The nation's special education law is called the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, or IDEA. As part of making special education and related services available to children with disabilities in the public schools, IDEA defines the term "child with a disability."

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IEP Example

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Mental Health - LehighU Library Database

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Mental Health - LehighU Library Database

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https://asa.lib.lehigh.edu/Search/Results?lookfor=mental+health&type=AllFields&limit=40&sort=relevance

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Categories of Disability According to IDEA

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Categories of Disability According to IDEA

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Blueprint for Change: Research on Youth Mental Health

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Blueprint for Change: Research on Youth Mental Health

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Report of the National Advisory Mental Health Council’s Workgroup on Child and Adolescent Mental Health Intervention Development and Deployment http://purl.access.gpo.gov/GPO/LPS18976

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Investing in Mental Health - World Health Organization (2002).pdf

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https://tinyurl.com/USAccess2MentalHealthCare

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"The REST of the story: MENTAL HEALTH..."

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"The REST of the story: MENTAL HEALTH..."

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The Inside Story of America's New Health-Care Law - The Affordable Care Act and What It Means for Us All
Access to the book via ProQuest's Ebook Central
https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/lehighlibrary-ebooks/detail.action?docID=794491#

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The Inside Story of America's New Health-Care LawThe Affordable Care Actand What It Means for Us All.png

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Integrating mental health into South Africa’ s health system : current status and way forward (SAHR 2016)