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Culture diversity in Melbourne
Why
-Multi-culture  society/background
-protecting majority interest
-expand culture identity
-explore difference
- large number of foreign tourists

How
-share multi-culture experience
-building multi-cultural community
- encouraging participation
- education

Chen Quan (Lena)
Valentina
Lucy
Lydia
Yingni Chen (Nina)

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Michelle Gearon
Stephanie Hutchison
Yangyang Lin
Marley Holloway-Clarke
Caterina Turnbull

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In China, contracting out services could be more effective and efficient.
Contracting-out  may encourage some cultural organisations to create more new ideas.
Sometimes,  contracting out service would help to create some related creative industries and supply employment positions.
The different requirement  in the process of contracting-out services could promote cultural organisations to update their techniques, which may improve the level of technology in China.

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It may depend on the role of an participant. Producer (artist) or consumer (audience) or both.
Some artists do not care if their product is in demand or not.
It depends on background: economic situation, education of an individual.
Olga Yakubenko, Yuan Zhong, Xinyu Zhou

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in place of Chinese government
Reason
-conditions: multi-national country, with different religions and customs
-long history and heritage of each dinasty
The both two aforementioned factors are components of our unique country's culture.
-Political o]position: Respecting to cultural diversity and cover power and confidence of our country
-Cultural identity can enhance international status
Economy:
-multi-culture can develop the nation's cultural industry like tourism
-cultural products marketing

Monoculture drawbacks:
-conditions: tend to cause social problems and wars between different countries with different religions
-tend to cause discrimination on minority communities like woman,etc

-by the group of QIN NAN, XU XIANGYU, SUN YUETONG and LI JIE.

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Wanying Yang
Yuena Guan
XIAOTONG XU
Heyuan Xing
ZHENGJIA ZHANG

-Understanding of public good:  available to everyone, open to the public without any conditions. For example,public organizations( museum,library,gallery with free entry )

-Understanding of conditional activity:
if you want to participate some cultural events including concerts,workshops or attend some advanced art lessons, you are required to spend money, time, high level knowledge.

-Opinion
Firsty,currently China is developing and surfing the financial burden to some extent.Therefore, it is not possible for government to make it accessible to the public for all free entry in public .
Secondly, since education decides the aesthetic level ,compulsory education in China plays the important role in enhancing the understanding of art.
In conclusion, although in China art is regarded as condition activities, Chinese government is making progress in the popularity of education and making art public good will come true.

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Culture as the arts or Culture as a way of life

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Culture as the arts or Culture as a way of life

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Taken

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In China, It is common to see the corporation between Chinese cultural organizations and organizations from other countries. In comparison with direct provision, the corporation can inspire Chinese companies to innovate, and compared to contracting-out,  cultural products produced by the corporation may be easier to be accepted by local people.

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Cultural democracy vs. democratisation of culture

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Cultural democracy vs. democratisation of culture

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We believe that these two are not mutually exclusive and therefore we sit on the center of the spectrum.

Democratisation of culture - plurality of voices.

Considering the diversity of a society is integral to maintaining the existence of diverse spaces for cultural engagement and consumption. In turn, this increases the support for the arts in general.

It is still worth pursuing cultural excellence in order to:
1. Create varying modes of engagement
2. To support a craft to its utmost potential
3. To push technologies and concepts to their limits
4. To attract resources to the medium

National approaches:
Artist residencies (emerging vs established)
Representing the Indigenous population

Natalie Bradvica
Isabelle Wawrzon
Sophie Prince
Shuling Wong
Jenny Sun
Rosemary Howarth
Jingyi Li

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China

Generally, contracting-out would be better for cultural sectors.

Functional profit-making or non-profit organization runners utilize human resources, social relations and capitals more efficiently and transparently.
They compete in the cultural market and participant in cultural activities in a more rational
and energetic manner.

Companies or local organizations tend to produce cultural products out of a more purely cultural reason instead of politics position.

Direct provision of government takes advantage of enough fundings, stable support and political reputation.
It does not suits to objectives of generating new ideas and doing
radical experiments, instead, some long-term programs which require
large amounts of resources input and refer to public interest will be suitable.

Group members:
Haoyuan Pan,
Boxuan Tang,
Xueqian Meng,
Wenya Yang,
Youran Liang

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group members:
Wenni Li (Ashley)
Meng Gao
Yi Yao
Shahn C
Larissa (Yang Feng)

- Australia: already has substantial infrastructure and facilities to cater to prestige

- Shift focus slightly towards community to create more of a balance

- Increase arts access (particularly in suburbs and regional areas). creative infrastructure should be built in various locations rather than having everything in just one particular place like the CBD.

- Still need investment in prestige, however,(particularly in metro areas) to generate revenue (i.e.: through tourism) and ensure diversity in projects

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Olga Yakubenko, International
Yuan Zhong, China
Xinyu Zhou China

Public good reasoning.
1. Everybody uses it in one or another way. Example, music, everybody listen to it. On purpose or just being out in a restaurant. Anyway they experience the music and it influences their mind and consciousness.
Conditional activity - people who introduced to arts and more sophisticated or cultural educated uses culture and arts as a conditional good

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- Integrating local community and the tourists
- Mutually beneficial
- Dilemma between authentic and commercial
- Develop facilities in partnership with local needs and interests.

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Wide vs Narrow viewpoint in Australian Cultural policy

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Wide vs Narrow viewpoint in Australian Cultural policy

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Depending on the cultural heritage the policy applies to, a wider or narrower viewpoint may be worth considering.
Contemporary culture is always evolving, and that governments should embrace varying cultures.

Culture as "ongoing social process of meaning-making underpinning the constitution of society" (Ien Ang, 2011). Broad, evolving, encompasing all the ways that we create meaning and share ideas.

However, it is also important to acknowledge and preserve uniqueness of particular cultures, cultural identities. Need to understand nuances of place.

One country's perspective - wider focus to take into account the unique elements that society, may different between countries depending on historical context and trends - culture is more of a way of life. Also easier to determine success of the policy in the wider sense in a one country perspective. Taking into account a wider focus means
National culture of Australia

Australian culture as broad, multi-faceted, difficult to define in narrow terms. E.g. can include public transport, sport, music, as well as traditional arts and culture.

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We would focus on following strategies>

'Responsible Tourism'
- Cultural tourism is important for economic and social reasons.
- Increasing cultural infrastructure for economic reasons. Brings business to local communities
- Integrate local identity and local people in decision making into the cultural programme so as to give continuity to local culture and even use as branding for visitors to retain authoentic cultural experience.

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WHERE
China

WHY
- Economic value- Heritage arts bring tourism to China
- Provides a sense of civic identity due to preservation of history
- Preserves sites for historical research and education

HOW
We aim to preserve buildings in the face of commercial ventures (e.g. new building developments).
We seek funding from Federal culture and heritage grants.
We then disseminate the funding to museums of history; galleries featuring folk art; and preservation of heritage sites e.g. temples, ancient buildings.

MEMBERS
Venerable Mistress Jaq Avery
(President of the Buddhist Association of China)
Na LI PhD - Professor of Chinese History at Peking University
Nadia Macaulay Director of the National Museum of Beijing
Jingsi Wang (907292)

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The Patronising Architect for Asia Community of Arts 

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The Patronising Architect for Asia Community of Arts 

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Recommendation for Asia - to have a Ministry / Department of Culture to regulate grant decisions but with additional advice from a council of arts practitioners and industry leaders to bring about accountability.

Committee Members:
Jean Hair (852591)
Qazim Karim (821327)
Yu Hsuan Chung (827041)
Jin Zhao (886972)

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Australia -
We discussed two potential case studies： a national one and a rural case study.

Policy autonomy:
The policy interests of an artist are likely to focus mainly on their artistic freedoms and the ability to express themselves; they will want more bottom-up policy approaches that allow them the ability to make the art they want to make. A manager may not mind artistic autonomy, but will also not be averse to a top-down approach if it is beneficial to their financial concerns and supporting their artists.

Group members: Ranatunge Eran Nimesh, Danny(Haitao Li), Penny(Zhiyu Lei), Leona(liu yang), Connie(LIN Ya), Darren(yuhang Du)

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Arts vs Artists.
-Viewpoint that artists are inherently 'different' or 'special' can have exclusive implications
- may be biased/ based on connections/networks/ government agendas
- however complex in that you might not be able to have one without the other for example infrastructure, arts centric education systems/ broad programs might breed a rich arts culture thereby quality art/artists
COUNTRY AUSTRALIA
Why? Emphasise an arts culture through educational programs/create a space for artists

HOW?

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taken

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Shenzhen Govt. (china)
-have very little cultural heritages. have weak culture industry. limited cultural resource.
-highly developed in economy, large population, large amount of young immigrants.

strategies:
1. encourage the develop the creative industry.

digital technology services, design

Encourage art forms  and new productions based on digital equipment and technology.
2. strong protection of local culture. Raise the public awareness on local culture. encourage good productions focusing on local culture. (because local culture is attached little importance by residences. should not let it fade away)
3.
digital technology services, design

Group members:
Ling Jin, Yin Huang, Xinge Zhou, Teng Xu, Zhengyuan Huang.

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-INVESTMENT is a significant method contributing to the development of cultural industry. It benefits the birth and growth of new cultural brands, and makes market more vibrant.
On the other hand, sometimes it may lead to cutthroat competitions.
-SUBSIDY can nurture minority groups, historical program and cultural heritage. It also can highlight the cultural characteristics related to a specific region.
However, subsidy may increase the financial burden.
from Ministry of Culture of China:
886483
894269

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Aislinn, Daniela, Vivien, Ruimeng

Govt. Australia
- Who would be in our policy consultation process? talk and survey produces and stakeholders as well as visitors

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Lingxuan Zhang
TIngting Zhang
Jiayi Xu
Muyun Zhang
Shuai Yu

china
why
-56 nationalities, the population of the Han nationality is up to 92% in China.
-Different nationalities have different custom and language and religions beliefs.
how
- add more financial support to ethnic minorities to know more about the  cultural of the Han nationality, and allow them to keep their original culture.( For example, minority students study in Mandarine in school.)
-- Advocate more about minority's culture to reduce majority's  stereotype to them.
- more exchange programs.

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China

-3 for national and 2 for international

-WHY
A positive cultural policy should consider both national and international culture. However, national cultures should be well protected and established. International cultural can have positive impact on some negative aspects of national culture. Meanwhile, international culture is also important for establishing a multicultural society.

-HOW(national)
Set up cultural policy for support on national institutions. (local theatres, operas, museums, galleries, etc)
Promote cultural heritage through different organizations.

-HOW(international)
Cultural policy should remain open on observing international culture.

Yingli Huang
Zihan Wang
Shuwei Xu
Jiapeng Guang

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Dalia, Mark, Hannah and Anna
What if we made prestigious venues more accessible to communities?
We need to invest in community involvement from the very beginning for a prestige to ever even develop.
Look at how sports develops through early engagement at community level.
Community engagement brings prestige to all!
Arts Constellations, not Arts Centres

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choose

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Direct control or Insulation from the political process

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Direct control or Insulation from the political process

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Art as a public good or Art as a conditional activity

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Art as a public good or Art as a conditional activity

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chose

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in place of Chinese governmentReason-conditions: multi-national country, with different religions and customs-long history and heritage of each dinastyThe both two aforementioned factors are components of our unique country's culture.-Political o]position: Respecting to cultural diversity and cover power and confidence of our country-Cultural identity can enhance international statusEconomy:-multi-culture can develop the nation's cultural industry like tourism-cultural products marketingMonoculture drawbacks:-conditions: tend to cause social problems and wars between different countries with different religions-tend to cause discrimination on minority communities like woman,etc-by the group of QIN NAN, XU XIANGYU, SUN YUETONG and LI JIE.

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in place of Chinese governmentReason-conditions: multi-national country, with different religions and customs-long history and heritage of each dinastyThe both two aforementioned factors are components of our unique country's culture.-Political o]position: Respecting to cultural diversity and cover power and confidence of our country-Cultural identity can enhance international statusEconomy:-multi-culture can develop the nation's cultural industry like tourism-cultural products marketingMonoculture drawbacks:-conditions: tend to cause social problems and wars between different countries with different religions-tend to cause discrimination on minority communities like woman,etc-by the group of QIN NAN, XU XIANGYU, SUN YUETONG and LI JIE.

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Chosen

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Culture as a self-justifying value or Cultureas development

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Culture as a self-justifying value or Cultureas development

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Cultural democracy or Democratisation of culture

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Cultural democracy or Democratisation of culture

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China--
WHY
External image of culture is important for a country. China has the one of most rich culture in the world but people from other countries always has a narrow sight on Chinese culture.
HOW
-Holding a series of world-wide cultural events is good way to show Chinese diversified culture to the world.
-Increasing the cultural communication with other countries.
-Implementing a more open cultural policy on the internet field and building a good cultural image on the social media such as Facebook and Twitter.

JIAYI WANG 873511
YAN GAO 894116
YATONG WEI 958198
WENTING JIN 956702