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What is the tallest mountain range in the area?

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Why did poverty spike a few years back and how was it fixed?

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Why is most of the population (90%) next to the Nile River?

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Environmental issues in North Africa #12

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Environmental issues in North Africa #12

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In North Africa, deforestation, soil erosion and desertification are all large and serious environmental issues. All 3 of these issues relate to the Sahara desert, as it is very barren and dry there. Deforestation means trees have been cleared/cut down (whole forests) causing it to be a bad habitat, forcing the habitats to move. Soil erosion is caused by over-farming from the topsoil being removed, causing plants to not be able to grow. Desertification is usually caused from lack of water, or even deforestation. Therefore, plants cannot grow.

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Economic challenges in Egypt (North Africa) #11

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Economic challenges in Egypt (North Africa) #11

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The country (Egypt) back in 2015 used to have extreme poverty. This is no longer the case. The GDP inflation drastically changed this, causing them to rise out of the hole they had been put into. Regional disparities continue to be part of the country’s landscape, with Upper Rural Egypt showing poverty rates three times as high as Metropolitan Egypt. Recent increases in allowances of the main social programs have helped weather the effects of inflation, but imperfect coverage and targeting leave some groups unprotected.

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Egypt:
As of 2017, the GDP in Egypt [OFFICIAL EXCHANGE RATE] is $332.3 billion (2017 est.) The resources in this country consist of cotton, rice, corn, wheat, beans, fruits, vegetables, textiles, food processing, tourism, chemicals, etc.

Algeria:
In Algeria, the [OFFICIAL EXCHANGE RATE] as of 2017 is $175.5 billion (2017 est.) The resources provided here are wheat, barley, oats, grapes, olives, citrus, fruits, petroleum, natural gas, light industries, mining, electrical, etc.

As of GDP, Egypt is doing better off money-wise, but as of the resources, I feel that Algeria would be doing better.

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Population Distribution in North Africa #9

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Population Distribution in North Africa #9

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In North Africa, the population is not very evenly placed. Over 90% of the population lives over by the Nile river, since the Sahara Desert is very dry and there is very little water. This way, they can grow crops and have easy access to water and foliage. Most of the society lives there.

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Population Patterns of North Africa #8 (PART TWO)

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Population Patterns of North Africa #8 (PART TWO)

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Algeria:
0-14 years: 29.31% (male 6,148,568/female 5,858,922)

15-24 years: 15.3% (male 3,208,185/female 3,061,179)

25-54 years: 42.93% (male 8,906,160/female 8,682,894)

55-64 years: 6.81% (male 1,410,298/female 1,378,282)

65 years and over: 5.65% (male 1,079,218/female 1,235,737) (2017 est.)
Most people living there are in their mid to late 30-40's, there is a high birth rate and a high death rate as well. Males and Females are evenly distributed.
https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ag.html

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Population Patterns of North Africa #8 (PART ONE)

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Population Patterns of North Africa #8 (PART ONE)

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Egypt:
0-14 years: 33.29% (male 16,720,307/female 15,583,019)

15-24 years: 18.94% (male 9,464,262/female 8,919,614)

25-54 years: 37.6% (male 18,545,422/female 17,944,582)

55-64 years: 5.95% (male 2,861,136/female 2,911,586)

65 years and over: 4.22% (male 1,993,248/female 2,097,896) (2017 est.)
Most of the people living there are in their early to mid 20-30's, there is a very high birth rate and a high death rate.  Males and Females are mostly evenly distributed.
https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/eg.html

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Culture of Morocco (North Africa) Video #7

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Culture of Morocco (North Africa) Video #7

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http://www.our-africa.org/morocco/welcome-to-morocco

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Culture of North Africa (A Unique cultural element of Country/Tribe) #6

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Culture of North Africa (A Unique cultural element of Country/Tribe) #6

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In Morocco, an interesting cultural element is that most people there consider the left hand f a person to be unclean. So, a tip is to always do things with your right hand, e.a. eat, shake hands, give or receive objects. The same actually goes for feet, too. It is considered unclean to sit with your feet up or to step over someone who is sitting on the floor. Also, it is common practice to take your shoes off inside, as well.

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Culture of North Africa (Language and Religion) #5

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Culture of North Africa (Language and Religion) #5

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The most spoken language in North Africa is Arabic. Somali is also another commonly spoken language there. Islam began to spread from the Arab empire under Caliph Umar (the ruler). Because of this, Islam is the most practiced religion in North Africa. Christianity is also a very common practice there. There are plenty other languages and religions, but these are the main two each.

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Egypt:
They were a Monarchy, but after 1952 they converted to Republicanism. There are two councils at each administrative level: an elected people’s council and an executive council that is appointed. Although these councils exercise broad legislative powers, they are controlled by the central government. - "https://www.britannica.com/place/Egypt/Government-and-society"

Algeria:
They are a Republic. They have a president who goes by "Abdelaziz Bouteflika." They have the three branches of government just like us. They have a constitution that "emphasizes the importance of socialism and restoring political institutions to their primacy over the military establishment." -"https://globaledge.msu.edu/countries/algeria/government"

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In 1884-1885, A conference called "The Berlin Conference"was held to regulate European colonization. By 1914, all of Sahel was under European rule. The Europeans knew very little of Africans political/social systems, and no Africans ended up participating at the conference. As a result, of this, the Europeans made some colonial boundaries to cut across cultural, religious and traditional boundaries merging animist (traditional or religious beliefs pertaining to trees, animals, etc) cultures with Muslim societies. Religious friction set the Africans against one another and strengthened the European rule.

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New trading empires began to gain strength in the western part of Africa. Present day Mali is actually named after one of these; the Mali Empire. The most famous ruler of the Mali Empire was a man named Mansa Musa. Being a Muslim, he enhanced the prestige and power of Mali through something called pilgrimage to Mecca. The empire became very well renowned in the Islamic world and Europe. Eventually, Songhai took over Mali and began to expand east. They prospered till around 1600, where the Moroccans overran them.

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What we now know of the Sahara desert, actually used to be flourishing grasslands that used to get plenty of rain. Nomads came into the area and began to domesticate the animals. After a while the climate started to shift. It happened quite abruptly, in the span of around 400 years. As a result, people began to migrate south. The Nile stayed strong and to this day is still "well-watered."