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"For U.S. Women, Inequality Takes Many Forms"

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"For U.S. Women, Inequality Takes Many Forms"

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In general, women's economic security is directly linked to their family income, which includes earnings from jobs, but women tend to be concentrated in field's that lead to jobs with relativity low wages.

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"The 2,500 Year Old Roots of Gender Inequality"

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"The 2,500 Year Old Roots of Gender Inequality"

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There is evidence that in the bronze age females and males started eating and socializing separately. In the Neolithic age, diets were about the same between sexes, but in the bronze age females were anemic and relied on wheat, a "poor man's food"

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Today women make up more than half of Americas college undergraduates. In addition, women have high powered jobs in medicine, business, and other areas, Though there is a major gap in pay between women and men. Women are earning on average just 79 percent of what men would make on similar work.

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Over half a century after the US passed the Equal Pay Act, American women still face a substantial gender wage gap across the spectrum.

Today, on average, a woman earns 80.5 cents for every dollar a man earns, and women's median annual earnings are $10,086 less than men's, according to data from the US Census Bureau.

While progress has been made toward pay parity between the sexes, the Institute for Women's Policy Research estimates that it will not be reached until 2059.

The six charts below illustrate the significant pay discrepancies between men and women based on race, age, geographical location, and more.

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6 charts show how much more men make than women

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Over half a century after the US passed the Equal Pay Act, American women still face a substantial gender wage gap across the spectrum. Today, on average, a woman earns 80.5 cents for every dollar a man earns, and women's median annual earnings are $10,086 less than men's, according to data from the US Census Bureau.

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"For U.S. Women, Inequality Takes Many Forms"

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"For U.S. Women, Inequality Takes Many Forms"

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The data and trend analyses found in these reports can be uploaded by topic of differing demographics. Such as women of color, older women, immigrant women and Millennial's, as well as on a national or state level.

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"The 2,500 Year Old Roots of Gender Inequality"

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"The 2,500 Year Old Roots of Gender Inequality"

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Scientists tested the chemical difference between sexes, and found it was a male-dominated society. The Neolithic age grave sites showed no signs of gender inequality, but in the bronze age inequalities became obvious, and males were buried with more riches

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Women are still calling U.S. lawmakers to pass the ERA, but lawmakers say the changing the amendment is u necessary because state and federal laws already protect women rights. Still many women are hoping a new ERA will begin. Women want to prove one and for all that females are just as capable as men.

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UK Gender Inequality Explained With Cereal

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Ramelle investigates the gender gap in work and education within the UK and explains further appalling statistics - with cereal. Subscribe Here Now: http://bit.ly/1mw9zkx Despite women making up 60% of British universities, they earn £5,000 less a year on average than their male colleagues. What do you think?

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Grace and a group of 5 class mates found out that the historic doesn't explicitly guarantee women's equality. They were shooketh and bothered. So they decided to take up the fight. In the past year, they've created a petition urging states to ratify the amendment. The girls are still calling lawmakers to pass the ERA, but they continue to be critical of the new ERA.

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"The 2,500 Year Old Roots of Gender Inequality"

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"The 2,500 Year Old Roots of Gender Inequality"

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During the Neolithic age, the sexes were dependent on each other, but that relaxed and tipped towards gender inequality. Scientists aren't sure how inequality rose or whether this information can speak for the rest of the world

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WOMEN STILL STRUGGLE for equal rights around the world - and considering patriarchy's deep-seated roots in human history, it's no wonder. In China, gender inequality may have its seeds in the Bronze Age more than 2,500 years ago, according to a recent study from Queens College in New York City.

Scientists examined Neolithic Age graves from the Chinese Central Plains about 5,000 years ago, plus graves from the more recent Bronze Age. They documented the riches accompanying male and female skeletons and examined their bones for signs of stress. Then, they tested the chemical differences between sexes - a process that involves grinding human bones into a fine powder, dropping that powder into an acid to extract its protein, and running that protein through a mass spectrometer.

"These are really tough data sets to get, and they've done really difficult work by pulling all of these together," said Tristram Kidder, an anthropology professor at Washington University in St. Louis. "What they found is a very significant change in China's history - this shift towards patrilineal, male-dominated society."

By examining carbon and nitrogen isotopes in the bones, scientists could see the types of plants and the amount of animal products people ate in roughly the last decade of their lives. Diets were about the same between sexes during the Neolithic Age, but that changed in the Bronze Age when new crops and domesticated animals were introduced. Men continued to live on traditional millet and animal products, while women were anemic and relied on wheat - a newer crop described as a "poor man's food" in later historical records.

Wheat isn't significantly less nutritious than millet, but it's a sign that males and females started eating and socializing separately.

Hanging photos of successful women can yield change in the way young girls think about their future prospects.

"During the Neolithic [Period], females were probably contributing more to the farming community, and male and females were dependent on each other for survival," said Kate Pechenkina, an anthropology professor at Queens College and the study's lead author. "As soon as that relaxes, the balance tips toward gender inequality."

The Neolithic burial site showed no clear sign of gender inequality - which is quite unusual, Pechenkina says. But in the Bronze Age, inequalities became obvious: Males were buried with more riches, and female skeletons became significantly shorter, likely because of childhood malnourishment.

"If their family or their community were short on food, girls were the first to be deprived," Pechenkina said. "When your body doesn't get enough food, it has to sacrifice something."

Scientists aren't exactly sure how the inequality rose or whether this evidence can speak for the rest of the world. But finding a historical turning point inevitably gets us closer to understanding ourselves as people - and where our social issues were born.

"Last I heard, women make up 50 percent of the population in this world," Kidder said. "Their stories in human history are very important because they shape who we are today."

Kelly Kasulis is a journalist living in Boston and the deputy digital editor of The GroundTruth Project. Follow her on Twitter @KasulisK.

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The 2,500-year-old roots of gender inequality - The Boston Globe

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WOMEN STILL STRUGGLE for equal rights around the world - and considering patriarchy's deep-seated roots in human history, it's no wonder. In China, gender inequality may have its seeds in the Bronze Age more than 2,500 years ago, according to a recent study from Queens College in New York City.

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"The 2,500 Year Old Roots of Gender Inequality"

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"The 2,500 Year Old Roots of Gender Inequality"

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In China, gender inequality may have its seeds in the Bronze Age more than 2,500 years ago.  “These are really tough data sets to get, and they’ve done really difficult work by pulling all of these together,” said Tristram Kidder, an anthropology professor. “What they found is a very significant change in China’s history — this shift towards patrilineal, male-dominated society.”

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"For U.S. Women, Inequality Takes Many Forms"

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"For U.S. Women, Inequality Takes Many Forms"

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In just about every state in the country, Millennial women are more likely than Millennial men have to have a collage degree, yet Millennial women also have higher poverty rates and lower earnings than Millennial men.

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The gender wage gap is a complex problem, and we'll need to address factors like race and region to solve it.
Although we are only a few months into 2015, it has already proven to be a watershed year for women's rights around the world. On the heels of the International Women's Day March for Gender Equality, the He for She and Planet 50-50 by 2030 Campaigns, and the twentieth anniversary of the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action, international advocates and officials alike are coming together to evaluate the progress that has been made over the past several years. This raises the question: what is the current status of women in the United States?

The Institute for Women's Policy Research (IWPR)-in partnership with a multitude of organizations including the Ford Foundation, the Roosevelt Institute Campus Network, and the Center for American Progress-just released the 2015 edition of its project on the Status of Women in the States, with newly updated data and trend analyses on women's economic, social, and political progress in the United States. The findings? Although we have indeed experienced progress toward gender equity, it's likely that we won't see equal pay for American women within our lifetime. (For more on this topic, see this post by Roosevelt Fellow Andrea Flynn.)

The road to achieving gender equality in the U.S. is quite clearly checkered with significant potholes.

Over the next several weeks, IWPR will be releasing a series of reports that include data on U.S. women's employment and earnings, poverty and opportunity, work and family, violence and safety, reproductive rights, health and well-being, and political participation. The data and trend analyses found in these reports can be explored by topic and differing demographics (women of color, older women, immigrant women, and Millennials, to name a few), as well as on a national or state level. The first two chapters on employment and earnings and poverty and opportunity have already been released, revealing a number of insights on the state of women within this country. Some highlights:

In just about every state in the country, Millennial women are more likely than Millennial men to have a college degree, yet Millennial women also have higher poverty rates and lower earnings than Millennial men.

Although more women are receiving high school diplomas and completing college than ever before, a considerable proportion of women either do not graduate high school or finish their education with only a high school diploma.

By the time a college-educated woman turns 59, she will have lost almost $800,000 throughout her life due to the gender wage gap.

There are incredibly large disparities throughout different regions of the United States; southern women are the worst off with regard to employment and earnings. Furthermore, the status of women differs notably by race and ethnicity, with Hispanic women having the lowest median annual earnings compared to other women.

In general, women's economic security is directly linked to their family income, which includes earnings from jobs, but women tend to be concentrated in fields that lead to jobs with relatively low wages. Even women who do go into higher-paying fields still earn less than their male peers. This helps explain why, in 2013, about 14.5 percent of women ages 18 and older had family incomes that placed them below the federal poverty line, compared with 11 percent of men. However, even this estimate does not fully capture the extent of the hardship that women continue to face in the U.S.

What can we conclude from this data? As a recent article in The Washington Post puts it: "When it comes to equal pay, the American woman is stuck in a proverbial waiting room. But the number on her ticket, the length of her stay, largely depends on where she lives and to whom she was born." In other words, the status of women in this country is incredibly complex, and as a result, there is no simple, one-size-fits-all solution to achieving gender equality.

Gender equality is an intricate mosaic, a picture that cannot be complete without understanding and exploring the dynamic regional, national, and demographic factors at play. As a result, we cannot approach these issues without thoroughly peeling back and exploring each layer. It is necessary for all of us to reassess how we measure, monitor, and evaluate the status of women so that we can effectively determine both the progress that has already been made toward achieving full gender equality and the challenges and obstacles that lie ahead.
Ariel Smilowitz is a senior at Cornell University and the Northeast Regional Policy Coordinator for the Roosevelt Institute | Campus Network.

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For U.S. Women, Inequality Takes Many Forms - Roosevelt Institute

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The gender wage gap is a complex problem, and we'll need to address factors like race and region to solve it. Although we are only a few months into 2015, it has already proven to be a watershed year for women's rights around the world. On the heels of the International Women's Day March for...