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the synthesis of substances by living organisms.

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the supposed production of living organisms from nonliving matter, as inferred from the apparent appearance of life in some supposedly sterile environments

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3.	Who is Francesco Redi? What was his contribution to Science?

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3.	Who is Francesco Redi? What was his contribution to Science?

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Francesco Redi, - Italian physician and poet who demonstrated that the presence of maggots in putrefying meat does not result from spontaneous generation but from eggs laid on the meat by flies

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4.	Name the scientist who disproved spontaneous generation.

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4.	Name the scientist who disproved spontaneous generation.

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Louis Pasteur

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5.	By using an open-ended goose-necked flask that allowed air to enter, this scientist disproved spontaneous generation for all time.

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5.	By using an open-ended goose-necked flask that allowed air to enter, this scientist disproved spontaneous generation for all time.

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Louis Pasteur

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each of two or more forms of the same element that contain equal numbers of protons but different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei, and hence differ in relative atomic mass but not in chemical properties; in particular, a radioactive form of an element.

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7.	The unstable isotope of carbon that decays is called what?

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7.	The unstable isotope of carbon that decays is called what?

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Alpha, beta and gamma

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8.	Scientists hypothesize that life on Earth might have occurred in four main stages.  List these 4 stages in order.

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8.	Scientists hypothesize that life on Earth might have occurred in four main stages.  List these 4 stages in order.

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1.The abiotic (nonliving) synthesis of small organic molecules, such as amino acids and nucleotides.
2. The joining of these small molecules into macromolecules, including proteins and nucleic acids.
3. The packaging of these molecules into "protobionts", droplets with membranes that maintained an internal chemistry different from that of their surroundings.
4. The origin of self-replicating molecules that eventually made inheritance possible.

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9.	This Russian scientist was the first to propose a hypothesis for how organic compounds might have formed on Earth.

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9.	This Russian scientist was the first to propose a hypothesis for how organic compounds might have formed on Earth.

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Aleksandr Oparin

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10.	New evidence indicates that the first organic compounds were probably formed in what location?

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10.	New evidence indicates that the first organic compounds were probably formed in what location?

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The first organic compounds were located in their experiments indicated that in primitive Earth atmosphere.

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11.	These precursors to prokaryotic cells consisted of a collection of molecules surrounded by a membrane.  They maintained an internal chemical environment different from that of their surroundings.

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11.	These precursors to prokaryotic cells consisted of a collection of molecules surrounded by a membrane.  They maintained an internal chemical environment different from that of their surroundings.

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Protobionts

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12.	What are the two key properties of life?

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12.	What are the two key properties of life?

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Production and Adaption through evolution

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13.	These substances are spherical in shape and are composed of many protein molecules that are organized into a membrane.

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13.	These substances are spherical in shape and are composed of many protein molecules that are organized into a membrane.

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A micro-sphere

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14.	What was most likely the first genetic material?

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14.	What was most likely the first genetic material?

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RNA

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15.	Were the first cells aerobic or anaerobic?

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15.	Were the first cells aerobic or anaerobic?

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no was no virtual oxygen.

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16.	Were the first cells prokaryotic or eukaryotic?

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16.	Were the first cells prokaryotic or eukaryotic?

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Eukaryotic

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17.	Were the first cells autotrophic or heterotrophic?

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17.	Were the first cells autotrophic or heterotrophic?

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Heterotrophic

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18.	Were the first autotrophs chemosynthetic or photosynthetic?

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18.	Were the first autotrophs chemosynthetic or photosynthetic?

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Photosynthesis

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19.	A term for an RNA molecule that can act as an enzyme and has the ability to replicate itself.

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19.	A term for an RNA molecule that can act as an enzyme and has the ability to replicate itself.

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Catalyst

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20.	What cells were the first capable of carrying out photosynthesis?

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20.	What cells were the first capable of carrying out photosynthesis?

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Glycosis

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21.	List three ways that eukaryotes differ from prokaryotes.

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21.	List three ways that eukaryotes differ from prokaryotes.

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Bacteria are an example of prokaryotes. Prokaryotic cells do not contain a nucleus or any other membrane-bound organelle. Prokaryotes include two groups: bacteria and another group called archaea. Having organelles is a big deal for a cell.

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22.	What is the name of the theory that proposes that chloroplasts and mitochondria might have once been prokaryotic cells?

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22.	What is the name of the theory that proposes that chloroplasts and mitochondria might have once been prokaryotic cells?

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The endosymbiotic theory

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24.	List two adaptations seen in land animals that enabled them to live successfully on land.

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24.	List two adaptations seen in land animals that enabled them to live successfully on land.

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Reptiles and terrestrial are the two lands animals that are enabled to live successfully on land.

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23.	List two adaptations seen in the true land plants that enabled them to live successfully on land.

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23.	List two adaptations seen in the true land plants that enabled them to live successfully on land.

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Plants evolved several from fresh water and green algae

Plants have evolved several adaptions to life on land, including

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25.	The sudden appearance of new species when previously occupied niches are suddenly left vacant by mass extinction.

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25.	The sudden appearance of new species when previously occupied niches are suddenly left vacant by mass extinction.

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Adaption Radiation

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26.	Life on Earth has been influenced by what three large scale processes?

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26.	Life on Earth has been influenced by what three large scale processes?

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Three large processes influenced on li

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27.	Explain how early RNA molecules would be able to respond to natural selection.

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27.	Explain how early RNA molecules would be able to respond to natural selection.

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They would be able to respond because each RNA might have competed with a slightly different RNA molecules for nucleotide.