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Is schooling in the United States unequal?

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Is schooling in the United States unequal?

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Ladson & Lipman

Perpetuated Cycles of Oppression

Historical Debt: There is a disadvantage for not fitting the "White American" definition >> People were automatically categorized to be "barbaric" and "inferior" for not fitting the mold.

Native Americans

African Americans

People of Color

Banned from getting an education to perpetuate submissiveness and compliance

Accessible education was tailored to benefit to the already privileged, by emphasizing labor worker skills

Surgue

The Misconceptions Behind "The American Dream"

America is perceived as the promise land of all opportunity, which attracted people to work here and contribute to industrialization.

Because influx of immigrants did not have resources to properly assimilate in "American society," they remained uneducated and underprivileged.

Poverty

Low paying jobs

The poor get poorer and the rich get richer

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Social Class determines where you stand in society, how you are raised, and your future outcomes.

Laureau

Alexander vs. Harold - Where's the balance?

Concerted Cultivation > Sheltered Form of Child Rearing >> Limited by parents, but had more exposure

More fluidity > Exercised free will >> Limited by access to resources

Anyon

Working Class Schools

Unable to practice the art of conceptualizing > No room for improvement

Middle Class Schools

Education = Prosperity in capitalist system > More exposure

Affluent Professional Schools

Individualistically focused >> Remaining within their means >> More conceptualizing, less skills building

Executive Elite Schools

Ideologies are dominant and correct >> The need for others to conform

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Filipino Family

Immigration

Middle Class

Resources

Being a girl

Double standards

Expectations

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Orenstein

Perpetuating Social Norms

Restricting and categorizing ideas and concepts by gender and expectations

Women = Stay at home

Men = Breadwinner

Women are raised to be compliant, submissive, always needing approval

Men are raised to be void of emotions, aggressive, and are held to high expectations of success

Women are highly sexualized and labeled as bad >> Sexuality is encouraged in men