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Athena is the daughter of Zeus, the god of the sky and thunder, and the oceanid nymph Meitis. Athea does not have any children or spouses. However, she has many siblings on Zeus’ side including Artemis, Apollo, Ares, Hephaestus, Hermes, and Dionysus.

Athena is the goddess  of war and wisdom. She provides counsel for rulers and war leaders. In addition she is the patron of wool-working and other crafts including metal work, carpentry, ship building, spinning, and weaving.

One popular myth associated with Athena is her and Poseidon fight for control over Athens. They competed in a contest to create an offer a gift that was valuable for Athens. Poseidon created a well in the ground using his trident, however the water turned out to be salty. “Athena brought forth an olive tree from the ground by the touch of her spear and she was proclaimed the victor. The olive was fundamental to the Athenian economy and life.” (global.oup.com) Athena was therefore chosen to claim the city. She became the patron goddess and protector over Athens.

Athena helps and mentors Odysseus throughout his journey in The Odyssey. In book 5 she controls the winds so that they blow Odysseus to the Phaeacian shore. In book 22  where Athena appeared as a mentor. She turned into a swallow and flew to a beam to watch the fighting. The suitors shot arrows at Odysseus, but Athena made sure the arrows missed Odysseus again and again. Throughout The Odyssey, she also helped Telemachus many times. She disguised herself as Mentor and visited Telemachus, advised him to travel to Pylos and Sparta to gather information about his father's whereabouts, helped Telemachus escape Ithaca, and visited Penelope in a dream to ease her mind about her son's journey. Wisdom and selflessness allowed her to successfully guide and mentor Odysseus throughout his journey.

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Hades : Avery Dyer and Michael Pellegrino

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Hades : Avery Dyer and Michael Pellegrino

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Genealogy:
Hades is the god of the underworld. "He was made lord of the underworld, ruling over the dead. He is a greedy god who is greatly concerned with increasing his subjects. Those whose calling increase the number of dead were seen favorably by him. He was also the god of wealth, due to the precious metals mined from the earth..." (Ancientgreece.com 1). After the fall of the Titans, Zeus gained control over Olympus and the sky, Poseidon gained control over the sea, leaving Hades stuck with the Underworld. Therefore, Hades resents his brothers for being assigned a realm he did not want to rule. He was also known as Pluto in Roman culture meaning the god of wealth. He was also known as Aedoneus, Orcus and Dis. Hades is the son of Cronos (god of time) and Rhea (goddess of earth). His spouses are Minthe (Naiad-nymph) and Persephone (Queen of the underworld). Hades has five siblings; Zeus (god of the sky), Poseidon (god of the sea), Hera (goddess of marriage), Hestia (goddess of the hearth), and Demeter (goddess of the harvest and agriculture).

Symbols and Images:
His sacred animal Cerberus which was a three-headed dog. A common symbol associated with Hades was his helmet to help him stay invisible. Also, other symbols were his scepter and horn of plenty. Images associated with Hades are often death and wealth.

Roles in Odysseus's Journey:
In The Odyssey, Hades is ruler of the underworld, Realm of the dead. One must cross an ocean to get to the underworld. Odysseus used Hades realm as part of his journey to speak to a blind prophet.

Myths Connected to Olympian:
The Greeks thought that instead of going to Heaven or Hell they would rather go to a dark and shadowy place where they would live a sort of ghostly imitation of their life on Earth. The most common myth associated with Hades is how he got his wife, Persephone. One day Persephone was in her garden and was picking flowers. When she picked up one flower the Earth opened up and Hades grabbed her and took her down to the Underworld in his golden chariot. Another myth about Hades is the Helmet of Invisibility that rends the wearer invisible, which the Cyclopes gave as a gift. Hades lends the helmet to gods and men. Perseus put the helmet on his head when he went to kill Medusa, Hermes, wearing the helmet, fought the Giants. Later Athena during the Trojan War, put on the helmet of Hades so that Ares should not see her.

Level-Two Claim:
Although Hades was assigned The Underworld despite not wanting it, he continued to show generosity to others when they sought out his help.

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Genealogy:

Parents are Cronus, one of the youngest of the titans and the son of Uranus and Ge, and Rhea, sister of Cronus and responsible for the low of the kingdom. Married to Amphrite who was the goddess of the sea, fish, and shellfish. He has many children but some of the more notable ones are Triton, who is the fish-tailed son of Poseidon and Amphrite, Polyphemus, who is the giant man eating man, and Pegasus, who is the famous immortal horse with wings.

Powers and Purpose:

Poseidon was the god of sea, floods, earthquakes, drought, and horse. “He was depicted as a mature man with a sturdy build and dark beard holding a trident (a three-pronged fisherman's spear)”(theoi.com).He is the protector of the sea and sailors would rely on him for safe passages by sea. He is considered the most bad-tempered, moody, greedy, and also very vengeful Olympian.

Role in Odyssey:

He despises Odysseus for blinding his son, Polyphemus. So he attempts to make Odyssues suffer on his journey back, but he cannot kill him because he is destined to return. Poseidon’s wrath was truly incurred by Odysseus’s pride. Odyssues mocked and talked down to Polyphemus whilst he was leaving the island of the Cyclops. When Odysseus set sail away from Calypso’s island, Poseidon spotted him and caused him to become shipwrecked.

Popular Myth:

As Rhea birthed each child Kronos was waiting to eat the children. Poseidon, Hades, Hera, Demeter, and Hestia were all swallowed but Rhea switched Zeus for a rock and Kronos swallowed the rock instead of Zeus. Zeus was born on Crete where he was taken care of until he was big enough to take on Kronos. Zeus eventually engaged Metis who gave Kronos a drug that forced him to vomit up the rock and his five other children.

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Genealogy:
He was the son of Hippotes, who was a mortal king, and Melanippe, a nymph, in the Odyssey. Also he could be viewed as another separate entity and the second one was the son of Hellen and Orseis. Marrying Enarete and having a total of twelve children.

Power:

Aeolus, the keeper (god) of the winds. His purpose was to manage the floating island Aeolia, which he was the ruler of, using his power.

Popular Myth:
A myth that he was a part of was giving Odysseus a bag that contained winds that would take him home. He is first introduced in book 10 of the Odyssey. But others thought that it had riches in it, thus opening the bag and having the winds escape.

Depiction/Role in the Odyssey:
In the Odyssey it did describe him as mortal, yet he was ultimately a god in other works or the different versions of him. Still charged with the task of being keeper of winds.
The winds are usually depicted as being horse shapes and either are said to be gods or spirits-
(www.theoi.com)

Although Odysseus needed help, Aeolus tried but refused after Odysseus messed up his first chance.

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Circe and Calypso - Ethan Murphy and Elise Krone

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Circe and Calypso - Ethan Murphy and Elise Krone

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Calypso

Calypso is a nymph, daughter of Atlas, who is a titan; and Pleione, an oceanid. She is the sister of Maia, Electre, Taygete, Sterope, Merope, Celaeno, and Alcyone; the Pleiades.
Calypso is considered the goddess of Calypso’s Island. She was cursed by the gods to remain on her island, and help heros who washed ashore. Her name means "the concealer".
One myth that surrounds Calypso is that she fell deeply in love with Odysseus, entranced him, and kept him on her island for seven years. She offered him immortality if he stayed with her forever. He didn’t want to stay, but he had two children with her, and then left when the gods freed him.
Her role in the Odyssey was that Odysseus stayed with her for seven years, and she offered him immortality. He had two children with her, and then left. Extended loneliness often leads to desperation to find a friend.

More information can be found at:  https://www.britannica.com/topic/Calypso-Greek-mythology

Circe

Circe is the daughter of Helios, the Titan of the sun, and Perse, an Oceanid. She is the sister of Pasiphae, who birthed the Miotaur, Perses, and Aeetes, the keeper of the Golden fleece. Telegouns is Circe and Odysseus’ son, while Latinus and Ardeas are Circe’s other children.
Furthermore, Medea is the niece of Circe, and she came to her island with Jason, Medea’s ex-lover.
Circe is known to be the powerful witch of Aeaea, sometimes seens as a Goddess of magic. She killed her husband, Prince of Colchis, and got exiled to Aeaea by her father. One image associated with her is the image of a hawk, because that is what her name was derived from.
Once Odysseus and his men arrived at Aeaea, Circe turned his men into swine. Hermes then aided Odysseus by giving him Moly that turned his men back into humans once more. She then became the lover of Odysseus as he stayed on her island for a year, prolonging his journey back home. Until she directed him to the threshold of Hades. Although Circe was sent to her island by her father, she does not resent him and doesn't use her magic against him.

More information can be found at:     https://greekgodsandgoddesses.net/goddesses/circe/

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Hermes is the son of Zeus and a nymph named Maia. Hermes had control over trade, wealth, luck, fertility, animal husbandry, sleep, language, speed, thieves, sports and travel. “One of the cleverest and most mischievous of the Olympian gods, he was the patron of shepherds, invented the lyre, and was, above all, the herald and messenger of Mt. Olympus.”(Cartwright 1) Hermes is considered the bridge between the human and divine worlds. Because he is the messenger of the Gods, Hermes is involved in many mythological episodes. While still a newborn baby ready to explore the world, Hermes stole 50 of his brother Apollo’s cattle. Being the clever god he is he managed to reverse the hoof marks of the cattle to throw off Apollo when trying to track him. Hermes was found to be the one who stole the cattle and was held at a hearing in front of the Olympian gods. Hermes was permitted to hold onto the cattle after giving Apollo a lyre an instrument invented by Hermes. After considering Hermes' skill set Zeus appointed him as the messenger of the Gods. Some images associated with Hermes are his winged helmet, his sandals, messenger, the Olympics, invention, herds and flocks, travellers, hospitality, thievery, diplomacy, writing, language, astronomy and astrology. Hermes helped Odysseus numerous times throughout the story. Two occasions include when he convinced Calypso to let Odysseus off her island and when he gave him the magical herb Moly to protect him form Circe's witchery. Further information surrounding Hermes can be found at this link: https://www.ancient.eu/collection/58/the-12-olympian-gods/

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https://www.ancient.eu/zeus/
Geneology
Uranus and Gaia had six sons and six daughters, Two of them were Kronos and Rhea. They then had six children, Hestia, Hades, Poseidon, Zeus, Hera, and Demeter. All of Kronos and Rhea’s children become one of the twelve Olympians except for Hestia who tends to the hearth in Mount Olympus and Hades who reigns in the underworld. Zeus then has many children with many different women and create the rest of the gods of Olympus, Athena, Ares, Hephaestus, Dionysus, Hermes, Aphrodite, Artemis, and her twin Apollo.
Odysseus relating to Zeus:
Relating to Odysseus
There are two different versions of Laertes' parentage, in one of which he is the son of Atticans named Cephalus and Procris, both of whom are descended from the fire-god Hephaestus, and thus Hephaestus' parents Zeus and Hera; as well as the river-gods Eridanus and Cephissus.
Power/Purpose/myth
Zeus’s purpose as the King of Olympus was to both keep the peace and serve justice for any wrongdoing. For example, Atlas, a titan who fought the Olympians in Titanomachy was forced to hold the weight of heaven on his shoulders until the end of time. A famous example of him keeping peace was when a fight broke out between Apollo and Hermes over the first lyre, he was obliged to reconcile them and remove tension.
Role in The Odyssey

These roles/purposes had effects on Greek literature, including The Odyssey, which would not have been completed, or at least in the manner that it did if it weren’t for Zeus’s presence. As peacekeeper, he kept Poseidon from killing Odysseus after he (Odysseus) blinded Poseidon’s son, Polyphemus, while on the island of Calypso.

https://www.ancient.eu/zeus/