# data[].attributes.headline
1). Concepts of phonology, phonetics, phonemes,  and allophones  

# data[].attributes.subject
1). Concepts of phonology, phonetics, phonemes,  and allophones  

# data[].attributes.body
1). Phonology:
Phonology is the branch of linguistics that studies the sound system of the language in general, and of each language in particular, including syllables, intonation, stress.
Examples:
It is pronounced:

1. I can ask      [Ay kaen aesk]

2. Potato:                                                                                      British English: po-tayh-to [pəˈteɪtəʊ]                                American English po-tay-to [pəˈteɪˌtoʊ]

3. bad /bæd/ and bed /b ɛ d/.

Minimal pairs, two words with different meanings and a difference in sound.

2). Phonetics:
Phonetics is the study of the range of sounds which occur in speech, including the way they are produced by the speech organs and their acoustic properties.
Examples:

1. the difference between the pronunciation of "Z" and "S" in English. Our vocal cords vibrate when we pronounce "Z" but not when we pronounce "S".

2.  Spelling      To early
Transcriptionv  Tu erly

3.  the initial sounds in the words fie, thigh, sigh, and shy.

3).Phonemes:

A phoneme is a sound or a group of different sounds perceived by speakers of the language or dialect.
Phonemes refer to the 44 distinct sounds in the English language that are used to build words. While there are only 26 letters in the English alphabet, there are 44 distinct sounds forms by those letters.
Examples:

1. The English phoneme /k/, which occurs in words such as cat, kit, scat, skit.

2. Phonemes that are established by the use of minimal pairs, such as tap vs tab or pat vs bat, are written between slashes: /p/, /b/. To show pronunciation, linguists use square brackets: [pʰ] (indicating an aspirated p in pat

3. Phoneme (sound)    /k/                                                          Graphemes (letter(s) that most commonly make the sound)  c, k, ck, ch, cc, que                                Examples:  cow, kick, chick, school, access, pique

4). Allophones:
Are a variant of a specific phoneme which are to be written between aquare brackets and usually keep diacritics. A diacritic is a mark which is located over throughout or under the phonetic symbol:
Examples:

1. People might say at as either [æt̚] with an unreleased /t/ or as [æʔ] with the glottal stop.

2. the English /t/ phoneme is pronounced differently in different environments: as an unaspirated [t] in stop [stαp], as an aspirated [tʰ] in top [ˈtʰɒp], and as a tap sound [ɾ] before unstressed vowels as in 'butter.' Native

3. Pronunciations of "tip, pit, kick" [tɪʔp, pɪʔt, kɪʔk].

# data[].attributes.headline
Manual drawing of the articulatory diagram and name of all the organs of speech.                                                   

# data[].attributes.subject
Manual drawing of the articulatory diagram and name of all the organs of speech.                                                   

# data[].attributes.body
The contrastive analysis began to be used in 1950 during the Second World War, according to Djiguimkoudre (2020) the contrastive analysis was based on the work of Bloomfield, this is characterized by comparing or contrasting the mother tongue of immigrants with the foreign language that is being learned, this analysis was used to teach a second language to immigrants, especially to children. It is important to know that when comparing two languages it makes the learning and teaching process effective, also the contrastive analysis helps to understand how produce language acquisition.
Contrastive analysis seeks to compare the native language with a foreign language that is being learned. For this analysis, languages such as French, English, among others, were compared.