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Black Catholic and Baptist residents of New Orleans usually answered no when asked whether Voodoo had been practiced in their families. But upon reflection, a number said they observed practices that they conceded could be rooted in Voodoo. A medical student said his mother had told him that to keep a man, a woman should bury a pair of his underwear in the backyard. Akeia Bernard, a Rhode Island native and anthropology teacher at Boston's Wheelock College visiting New Orleans with her students says that although she "grew up super-Catholic," as an adult she realized her grandmother "did things super-African."

"When we would brush our hair or clip our nails, we'd have to burn it," she explained. "My grandmother would say it's a sanitary way to get rid of bodily stuff. But my mother said later that she was afraid someone would take those things and do bad things to you" using Voodoo-related magic.

One of Bernard's students, Mia Richardson, 22, offered a different take, seeing Voodoo as "a way of hope" in an America rife with racism. "It gave the slaves hope," she said. "I think with all the recent events [in the black community], people are starting to lose hope. I would practice Voodoo. I'm interested in it. I feel it would give me hope."

It may be easier to find outsiders embracing Voodoo than it is to find locals willing to admit to doing so, but there are some. Sitting at Our Lady of Guadalupe Chapel, a predominantly black Catholic congregation near Congo Square, where Laveau is said to have practiced, Lacide Johnson, 53, is one New Orleans native who proudly professes belief in both Christianity and Voodoo.

"Voodoo is inspirational," he said, adding that because of its emphasis on contacting ancestors and getting back to African roots, "it helps you to learn who you are."

After an accident the night before, Johnson went with a severe back injury first to the church to get charitable help to pay for his expensive prescriptions, then to the Voodoo temple of Priestess Miriam Chamani, just a few blocks away on North Rampart Street.

At the temple, Chamani said she saw hope for black America in Voodoo. "I have things from Africa I never knew I'd have. They came freely. I didn't have to pay no $3,000 to go there to get it," she said, meaning that although her gifts come from a faraway continent, they are within her. She said her mother worked for slave labor wages in a Mississippi cotton field.

"The individuals who hid in a tree to keep from being eaten by an animal, they put their intention into surviving another day," she said. "The archetypes of humanity help us to become more reflective." For Chamani, like most anthropologists, everyone's roots are in Africa, regardless of color.

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In Voodoo's survival, a tale of black resilience

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Black Catholic and Baptist residents of New Orleans usually answered no when asked whether Voodoo had been practiced in their families. But upon reflection, a number said they observed practices that they conceded could be rooted in Voodoo.

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The Power of Voodoo and its ability to bring misfortune and death upon people and even nations is well known and feared as a powerful force around the world.

Voodoo is as old as the world. Originated from Benin Empire (Edo Kingdom) presently located in modern-day Nigeria. The practice of Voodoo has spread worldwide.

The Benin kingdom used African Spiritual curse to stop women sex trafficking in Nigeria

Many African nations are now placing the Voodoo curse on American Police as part of the global reaction to recent police brutality against African Americans. Especially the death of Floyd and other victims of police brutality and racism.

The overarching focus of Voodoo as African Spirituality is a focus on the community, family, acknowledging and honoring the ancestors and worship of the supreme being known as Osanobua or Orisha.

For many around the world, Voodoo as a religion and worldview is dramatic, spiritual, and mysterious to outsiders.It has both enthralled and frightened outsiders and is a culture of total immersion and belief for its adherents. Holywood may have created a sensation about Voodoo, but its practice and effects are real.

Haiti became an independent nation when enslaved Africans defeated Napoleon using Voodoo. The Haitian Revolution became a defining moment when the small group of Haitian freedom fighters using the power of Voodoo to defeat Napoleon.

Now that many African nations are consulting with their Voodoo priest, and placing curses on US police, it has become obvious that the US has no other choice, but to change course. After all, no cop wants to walk around with a haunting Voodoo curse in his or her mind..

African Spiritual practice is now one of the fastest-growing religions in the world.

Source: Afro World News

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Africans are placing Voodoo Curse on US police. The curse they say is for centuries of Racism and Police Brutality against African-Americans. | Afro World News

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The Power of Voodoo and its ability to bring misfortune and death upon people and even nations is well known and feared as a powerful force around the world. Voodoo is as old as the world. Originated from Benin Empire (Edo Kingdom) presently located in modern-day Nigeria.

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Vodou (or Voodoo) is a monotheistic religion that is often misunderstood. Common in Haiti and New Orleans, Vodou merges Catholic and African beliefs to form a unique set of rituals that include Voodoo dolls and symbolic drawings.​

However, as with any religion, followers of Vodou cannot be lumped into a single category. There are also many misconceptions, which are just as important to understand.

Vodou is also known as Vodoun, Voodoo, and by several other variants. It is a syncretic religion that combines Roman Catholicism and native African religion, particularly from the religion of the Dahomey region of West Africa (the modern day nation of Benin).

Vodou is primarily practiced in Haiti, New Orleans, and other locations within the Caribbean.

Vodou began when African slaves brought their native traditions with them as they were forcefully transported to the new world. However, they were generally forbidden from practicing their religion. To get around these restrictions, the slaves started to equate their gods with Catholic saints. They also performed their rituals using the items and imagery of the Catholic Church.

If a Vodou practitioner considers himself Christian, he generally professes to be a Catholic Christian. Many Vodou practitioners also consider themselves Catholics. Some see the saints and spirits to be one and the same. Others still hold that the Catholic accouterments are primarily for appearance.

Popular culture has strongly associated Vodou with devil worship, torture, cannibalism, and malevolent magical workings. This is largely the product of Hollywood coupled with historical misrepresentations and misunderstandings of the faith.

The seeds of these misconceptions began much earlier than anything seen in the movies. A well-known incident in 1791 at Bois Caiman marked a crucial time in Haitian slave uprisings. The exact details and intent are a matter of historical debate.

It's believed that witnesses saw a Vodou ceremony and thought the participants were making some sort of pact with the Devil to thwart their captors. Some people -- even as recent as 2010 after the devastating earthquake -- have claimed that this pact has perpetually cursed the Haitian people.

In the Vodou-influenced areas such as Haiti, slavery was extremely violent and brutal; the revolts of the slaves were equally as violent. All of this led white settlers to associate the religion with violence and also helped fuel many unfounded rumors about Vodouisants.

Vodouisants also accept the existence of lesser beings, which they call loaor lwa. These are more intimately involved in day-to-day life than Bondye, who is a remote figure. The lwa are divided into three families: Rada, Petro, and Ghede.

The relationship between humans and lwa is a reciprocal one. Believers provide food and other items that appeal to the lwa in exchange for their assistance. The lwa are frequently invited to possess a believer during ritual so the community can directly interact with them.

Vilokan is the home of the lwa as well as the deceased. It is commonly described as a submerged and forested island. It is guarded by the lwa Legba, who must be appeased before practitioners can speak to any other Vilokan resident.

There is no standardized dogma within Vodou. Two temples within the same city might teach different mythologies and appeal to the lwa in different ways.

As such, the information provided in overviews of Vodou (such as this one) cannot always reflect the beliefs of all believers. For example, sometimes lwa are associated with different families, Catholic saints, or veves. Some common variations are included here.

Animal Sacrifice A variety of animals might be killed during a Vodou ritual, depending upon the lwa being addressed. It provides spiritual sustenance for the lwa, while the flesh of the animal is then cooked and eaten by participants.

Veves Rituals commonly involve the drawing of certain symbols known as veves with cornmeal or another powder. Each lwa has its own symbol and some have multiple symbols associated with them.

Voodoo Dolls The common perception of Vodouisants poking pins into Voodoo dolls does not reflect traditional Vodou. However, Vodouisants do dedicate dolls to particular lwa and use them to attract a lwa's influence.

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Vodou (or Voodoo) is a monotheistic religion that is often misunderstood. Common in Haiti and New Orleans, Vodou merges Catholic and African beliefs to form a unique set of rituals that include Voodoo dolls and symbolic drawings.​ However, as with any religion, followers of Vodou cannot be lumped into a single category.

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Voodoo became syncretized with the Catholic and Francophone culture of New Orleans as a result of the African cultural oppression in the region resulting from the Atlantic slave trade. Louisiana Voodoo is often confused with-but is not completely separable from- Haitian Vodou and Deep Southern Hoodoo.

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Origin of Voodoo source #2 (traced back to Africa)

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Origin of Voodoo source #2 (traced back to Africa)

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In 64 AD, a great fire broke out in Rome for six days and devastated much of the city. According to the writer Tacitus, "Nero fastened the guilt and inflicted the most exquisite tortures on a class hated for their abominations, called Christians by the populace." The "abominations" committed by the early Christians were said to be cannibalism and incest, based on rumors circulating in Rome at that time which stemmed from a misunderstanding of the Eucharist.

This episode in the history of the early Church shows how easily a religion, especially a relatively secretive one, can be misunderstood and misrepresented. A similar case can perhaps be seen in the religion known as Voodoo (also known as Vodou or Voudon).

For many, the word 'Voodoo' conjures up images of magical dolls with pins stuck in them to inflict pain on one's enemies and the resurrection of the dead as zombies. These images are the result of the misrepresentation of Voodoo by popular culture, and do not accurately represent Voodoo as understood by its practitioners.
Most people associate Voodoo with pin-filled dolls, designed to inflict pain on a cursed individual. ( Public domain )
What are the Beliefs of Voodoo?

Voudon refers to "a whole assortment of cultural elements: personal creeds and practices, including an elaborate system of folk medical practices ; a system of ethics transmitted across generations [including] proverbs, stories, songs, and folklore... voudon is more than belief; it is a way of life," wrote Leslie Desmangles, a Haitian professor at Hartford's Trinity College in "The Encyclopedia of the Paranormal" (Prometheus Books, 1996). "Voudon teaches belief in a supreme being called Bondye, an unknowable and uninvolved creator god," reports Live Science , and explains:

"Voudon believers worship many spirits (called loa or Iwa), each one of whom is responsible for a specific domain or part of life. So, for example, if you are a farmer you might give praise and offerings to the spirit of agriculture; if you are suffering from unrequited love, you would praise or leave offerings for Erzulie Freda, the spirit of love, and so on. In addition to helping (or impeding) human affairs, loa can also manifest themselves by possessing the bodies of their worshipers. Followers of voudon also believe in a universal energy and a soul that can leave the body during dreams and spirit possession."

Voodoo paraphernalia, Akodessawa Fetish Market, Lomé, Togo . ( sarlay /Adobe Stock)

The History of Voodoo
Zangbeto, a voodoo guardian of the peace under Yoruba religious belief. Zangbeto traditionally served as an informal police service to enforce the peace in rural Benin. ( /Adobe Stock)
Although the exact origins of Voodoo are unknown, it is generally agreed that this religion has its roots in West Africa. Modern day Benin is regarded as the birthplace of this religion, and the name 'Voodoo' itself means 'spirit' in the local Fon language.

It has been suggested that Voodoo in West Africa evolved from the ancient traditions of ancestor worship and animism. The forms of Voodoo practiced today, however, are the results of one of the most inhumane episodes in modern history - the African slave trade that took place between the 16th and 19th centuries.

When African slaves were brought to the Americas to work on plantations, they brought Voodoo with them. Their white masters, however, had other plans regarding the religious practices of their slaves. A 1685 law, for instance, prohibited the practice of African religions, and required all masters to Christianize their slaves within eight days of their arrival in Haiti.

Although the slaves accepted Roman Catholicism, they did not give up their traditional beliefs either. Instead, the old and the new were syncretized, producing some unique results. Many of the Catholic saints were identified with traditional Voodoo lwas (spirits) or held a double meaning for the practitioners of Voodoo. For instance, in Haitian Voodoo , St. Peter is recognized as Papa Legba, the gatekeeper of the spirit world, while St. Patrick is associated with Dumballah, the snake lwa.
Portrait of Marie Laveau, allegedly d. 1888. ( public domain ) Top Image: "Vodou Ceremony" by Andre Normil Updated on January 8, 2021
Although African slaves were brought to Haiti and New Orleans about the same time, i.e. the 1720s, the development of Voodoo practices in each area is quite different. In Haiti, Voodoo became a force that gave strength to and sustained the slaves through their hardships and suffering. Between 1791 and 1804, a series of slave revolts inspired by Voodoo practice culminated in the expelling of the French from Haiti.

The Spread of Voodoo Practices

The colonists who survived fled to New Orleans, some accompanied by their French-speaking slaves who were Voodoo practitioners. It is from these new arrivals that Voodoo began to grow in New Orleans . Although Voodoo was practiced in that part of the United States prior to 1791, it was not as strong a force as in Haiti, and it was brutally suppressed each time it emerged. It was only in the 19th century that Voodoo practices in New Orleans were codified by the enigmatic Marie Laveau.

Voodoo has since spread to other African nations, the Caribbean, as well as North and South America. In Benin and Haiti, Voodoo is now officially recognized as a religion. Nevertheless, Voodoo is still a rather misunderstood religion due to its inaccurate portrayal by the media.

Instead of associating this religion with zombies and Voodoo dolls, we should perhaps take the time to better understand Voodoo, and view it as a way of life or a set of guiding principles held by its believers.

References

Brandstötter, B.-S., 2015. Voodoo in New Orleans. [Online]
Available at: http://www.univie.ac.at/Anglistik/webprojects/LiveMiss/Voodoo/index.htm

Corbett, B., 1988. Introduction to Voodoo in Haiti. [Online]
Available at: http://www2.webster.edu/~corbetre/haiti/voodoo/overview.htm

Haas, S. A., 2011. What is Voodoo? Understanding a Misunderstood Religion. [Online]
Available at: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/saumya-arya-haas/what-is-Voodoo_b_827947.html

Handwerk, B., 2002. Voodoo a Legitimate Religion, Anthropologist Says. [Online]
Available at: http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2002/10/1021_021021_taboovoodoo.html

Redford, B., 2013. Voodoo: Facts About Misunderstood Religion. [Online]
Available at: http://www.livescience.com/40803-voodoo-facts.html

Tacitus, The Annals [Online]
[Church, A. J. and Brodribb W. J. (trans.), 1888. Tacitus' The Annals.]
Available at: http://classics.mit.edu/Tacitus/annals.html

www.neworleansonline.com, 2015. New Orleans Voodoo's African Origins. [Online]
Available here.

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The Origins of Voodoo, a Misunderstood Religion

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In 64 AD, a great fire broke out in Rome for six days and devastated much of the city. According to the writer Tacitus, "Nero fastened the guilt and inflicted the most exquisite tortures on a class hated for their abominations, called Christians by the populace."

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Ancient Voodoo Rituals & Black Magic Spells

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Voodoo is a religion that was brought to the Western coasts by slaves from Africa. It started in Haiti in 1724 as a snake cult that worshipped many spirits pertaining to daily life experiences. The practices were intermingled with many Catholic rituals and saints. It was first brought to the Louisiana area in 1804 by Cuban plantation owners who were displaced by revolution and brought their slaves with them.

Voodoo is spelled several ways: vodun, vaudin, voudoun, vodou, and vaudoux. It is an ancient religion practiced by 80 million people worldwide and is growing in numbers. With voodoo's countless deities, demonic possessions, animal sacrifices (human sacrifices in the Petro -- black magic form of voodoo) voodoo practitioners cannot understand why their religion is so misunderstood.

Voodoo rituals are elaborate, steeped in secret languages, spirit possessed dancing, and special diets eaten by the voodoo priests and priestesses. The ancestral dead are thought to walk among the living during the hooded dances. Touching the dancer during this spirit possessed trance is believed to be dangerous enough to kill the offender.

Talismans are bought and sold as fetishes. These could be statues representing voodoo gods, dried animal heads, or other body parts. They are sold for medicine and for the spiritual powers that these fetishes are believed to hold. The dark side of voodoo is used by participants to summon evil spirits and cast hexing spells upon adversaries.

The Priesthood and Rituals
The priesthood of voodoo is held by both men and women. There are stages of initiation into its priestly duties. Their functions are primarily: healing, rituals, religious ceremonies to call or pacify the spirits, holding initiations for new priests or priestesses, telling fortunes, reading dreams, casting spells, invoking protections, and creating potions for various purposes. These potions are for anything from love spells to death spells; all for a hefty fee of course.

Key items are used in the many rituals of voodoo. The priest's geographical area of influence is called the parish. An eclectic array of items covers the altar in the temple or hounfort; a peristyle is a roofed or open space where the public voodoo ceremonies take place. The items on the altar would be used in its rituals and include objects that have symbolic meaning: candles, food, money, amulets, ritual necklaces, ceremonial rattles, pictures of Catholic saints, bottles of rum, bells, flags, drums, sacred stones, and knives.

Voodoo belief recognizes one Supreme Being who created the universe, but who is too far away for a personal relationship with its worshippers. Therefore, the cult followers serve the loa or lesser deities to gain guidance for their lives. The loa are the spirits of ancestors, animals, natural forces, and the spirits of good and evil.

An interesting concept of voodoo belief is the ritual that takes place one year and one day after the decease of a relative. Voodoo belief states that there are two parts of the human soul. The two parts consists of ti-bon-ange (little good angel) and gros-bon-ange (great good angel). The gros-bon-ange is the body's life force, and after death, the gros-bon-ange must return to the cosmos. To make sure that the ti-bon-ange is guaranteed a peaceful rest, the gros-bon-ange must be recalled through an elaborate expensive ritual involving the sacrifice of a large animal, like an ox, to appease the ti-bon-ange. If the ti-bon-ange spirit is not satisfied and given a peaceful rest, the spirit remains earthbound forever and brings illness or disasters on others.

When comparing Christianity and the Voodoo religion, the more apparent difference is that Christians do not have to elaborate with expensive rituals to appease God. Christians believe that God, in His mercy, sent His Son Jesus to fulfill any sacrifice needed to quell evil and uplift the goodness of God. Those who worship God in truth have a close relationship with Him. He is closer to us than a brother (Proverbs 18:24).

God lets us know through His Word to avoid divinations, fortune telling, and witchcraft (1 Samuel 15:22; 2 Chronicles 33:6; 2 Kings 9:22; Micah 5:12; Nahum 3:4; Galatians 5:19-21). This is to protect us from the father of all lies, the Devil (John 8:44). Christ already paid the price that gave Him the victory over death and evil spirits. Voodoo believers must invoke spells to pacify angry spirits. Christians only need to whisper the name of Jesus, the Victor (1 Corinthians 15:54-57; 1 John 5:4-5).

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Voodoo is a religion that was brought to the Western coasts by slaves from Africa. It started in Haiti in 1724 as a snake cult that worshipped many spirits pertaining to daily life experiences. The practices were intermingled with many Catholic rituals and saints.

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Source that states Voodoo originated in Haiti

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Source that states Voodoo originated in Haiti

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Voodoo is a religion that originated in the West indies country of Haiti. It is still widely practiced in Haiti and West Africa today. It began during the French Colonial period and West Africans brought it to Haiti by the slave trade in the 17th century. When the Voodoo followers were brought to America, they were forced into Christianity by their capturers (masters). The Voodoo origin story started when Dhamballah, the great sky-serpent and father of all the Loa, created all the waters of the Earth. The movement of his 7,000 coils formed hills and valleys on Earth and brought stars and planets in the universe. He made metals from his intense heat and sent lightning bolts to form the sacred rocks and stones of the world. When he shed his skin in the sun, he released water over the land and his reflection created a rainbow, Dhamballah then fell in love with the rainbow and made it his wife: Aida-Wedo. Voodoo also has Christian and African roots. The word Voodoo means "spirit", "god" which is derived from Fon language of Dahomey. Marie Laveau was considered a Voodoo queen for the residents of New Orleans in the nineteenth century. Her and her mother had an enormous influence on their multiracial followers. People who follow the Voodoo religion have many rituals for different purposes. Among them is that several times a day a light comes down from a whole in the grotto ceiling. During these times, Voodoo practitioners make their request to the Loa (Haitian Voodoo spirits). Voodoo teachings believe in one main god, Bondye who is an unreachable creator/god. Instead they believe in many spirits called Loa. They are each responsible for an area of life. For instance if you're a farmer you'd commend the spirit of agriculture.

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Voodoo is a religion that originated in the West indies country of Haiti. It is still widely practiced in Haiti and West Africa today. It began during the French Colonial period and West Africans brought it to Haiti by the slave trade in the 17th century.

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Role of Voodoo in Haitian Slave revolution

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Role of Voodoo in Haitian Slave revolution

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The African religion Slaves had brought with them to the new world which was now practiced as Voodoo played a significant role in the success of the Haitian Revolution.
Voodoo In The Haitian Slave Revolt

Situated on the Island of Hispaniola, Saint-Domingue, was the main Hub French of the sugar driven French Colonial Economy, and in 1791 a rebellion by the African slaves on the Island Colony erupted. Its reported that before the Haitian Revolt began, the African Slaves conducted a Voodoo ceremony to strengthen themselves for the battle ahead according to the ways of their ancient African forefathers. When the Haitian Slave Revolt broke out, it led to a significant number of casualties on both sides as the Slaves won an unprecedented victory which 'embarassed' the French as thousands of the Island's inhabitants were left dead. Under the leadership of Toussaint Louverture the world's first Black Republic was born, symbolising the highest ideals of the Enlightenment's concept of individual freedom and liberty. Indeed the Revolution can be viewed as perhaps the most radical Revolution of the Post-Enlightenment era. The French kept up the effort to regain the lost Island however in order to reverse the 'embarassing' defeat. After Napoleon concluded the Peace of Amiens with Britain in 1800, He set in motion his plan to place the island under French dominion once again. In 1801, a French Fleet 50, 000 men strong was dispatched to Saint-Domingue with orders to annihilate the 'embarassing' new Black Republic. Although the French successfully captured Toussaint and imprisoned him in a remote French fortress, Napoleon did not succeed in decimating the new Black Republic. So it was that on 1 January 1804, Africans who had survived the Middle Passage, slavery, revolution, and war affirmed the independence of the country, they called Haiti.
The Haitian Revolution thwarted Napoleon and also ended the first form of New World slavery based on the Caribbean Sugar Islands shifting it to the Cotton fields of the American South.
In 1807, the British Parliament abolished Slavery, and the rest of the World Powers in time followed suit. The importance of the role of Voodoo in the Haitian Slave Revolt which was succesful seems important when compared with other Slave revolts that failed like the Nat Turner Slave Revolt which depended on the Christian Religion that Slaves had adopted in America.
Voodoo In The Haitian Slave Revolution

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The Role Of Voodoo In The Haitian Slave Revolution

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The African religion Slaves had brought with them to the new world which was now practiced as Voodoo played a significant role in the success of the Haitian Revolution. Situated on the Island of Hispaniola, Saint-Domingue, was the main Hub French of the sugar driven French Colonial Economy, and in 1791 a rebellion by the African slaves on the Island Colony erupted.

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(Book) Recollection of Voodoo told by the slaves themselves

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(Book) Recollection of Voodoo told by the slaves themselves

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Download and Read online Voodoo Hoodoo ebooks in PDF, epub, Tuebl Mobi, Kindle Book. Get Free Voodoo Hoodoo Textbook and unlimited access to our library by created an account. Fast Download speed and ads Free!

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Download and Read online Voodoo Hoodoo ebooks in PDF, epub, Tuebl Mobi, Kindle Book. Get Free Voodoo Hoodoo Textbook and unlimited access to our library by created an account. Fast Download speed and ads Free!

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History of Voodoo In New Orleans - New Orleans & Company

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For centuries, voodoo has been alive in the traditions, people, and streets of New Orleans. Learn more about the history of voodoo in New Orleans with New Orleans & Company.

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Voodoo became syncretized with the Catholic and Francophone culture of New Orleans as a result of the African cultural oppression in the region resulting from the Atlantic slave trade. Louisiana Voodoo is often confused with-but is not completely separable from- Haitian Vodou and Deep Southern Hoodoo.

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Voodoo's role in colonialism & slavery Video

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Voodoo's role in colonialism & slavery Video

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What Role Did Voodoo Play In Colonialism And Slavery? w/ Gerard Richard Agbayanou

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Down by the Riverside: Readings in African American Religion

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Down by the Riverside: Readings in African American Religion

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Book by Larry Murphy